TY  - JOUR
AB  - AIM: Periodontitis proxy variables enable an expansion of periodontal research. The study aimed to estimate the validity of questionnaire items and registry data in relation to Stage III-IV periodontitis and having 50% bone loss. METHODS: Malmö Offspring Dental Study (MODS) participants (995) filled out questionnaires and underwent periodontal and panoramic radiography examinations. The questionnaire items, number of periodontal treatment procedures (PTP) in the Dental Health Register (DHR), and number of teeth with ≥ 6 mm probing depth in the Swedish Quality Register for Caries and Periodontal Disease (SKaPa) were evaluated as proxies for severe periodontitis. Stage III-IV periodontitis was the primary reference standard. RESULTS: For PTP-based severe periodontitis proxy in DHR, positive predictive value (PPV) was 88% and negative predictive value (NPV) 87% for Stage III-IV. The SKaPa-based proxy showed poor positive predictive values (PPVs, < 70%), but similar area under the curve (AUC), 0.74, compared with the DHR data (AUC 0.76). Sensitivity was < 70%, and specificity > 90% for the DHR and SKaPa proxies. Identification of cases with periodontitis by questionnaire combined with the demographic variables age, sex, smoking habits and education yielded good discriminatory ability (AUC > 0.75). CONCLUSION: Register-based data can effectively identify individuals with severe periodontitis in large cohort studies, thereby advancing periodontal research.
AU  - Persson, P.*
AU  - Bladh, M.*
AU  - Teleka, S.*
AU  - Milosavljevic, A.*
AU  - Gustafsson, N.*
AU  - Jäghagen, E.L.*
AU  - Klinge, B.*
AU  - De Silva, K.
AU  - Vähäsarja, N.*
AU  - Buhlin, K.*
AU  - Nilsson, P.*
AU  - Orho-Melander, M.*
AU  - Melander, O.*
AU  - Naimi-Akbar, A.*
AU  - Jönsson, D.*
C1  - 75370
C2  - 57951
TI  - Using dental register information and questionnaire data to assess periodontitis in large cohort studies.
JO  - J. Clin. Periodontol.
PY  - 2025
SN  - 0303-6979
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - Aim: This cross-sectional study was repeated at two time points and investigated the influence of gingivitis, smoking and body mass index (BMI) on the systemic inflammatory markers high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and interleukin 6 (IL6) in 10- and 15-year-olds. Materials and Methods: The study sample of two birth cohorts, i.e. GINIplus and LISAplus, from the Munich centre consisted of 806 and 846 subjects who were evaluated at 10- and 15-year follow-ups respectively. Children and their parents completed questionnaires on participant-related lifestyle information. Gingivitis was measured at the sextant level using a simplified sulcus-bleeding index. Serum hs-CRP and IL6 levels were obtained from blood samples. Multiple logistic regressions adjusting for lifestyle-related factors and other confounders were performed to assess associations between the specified variables. Results: There were no associations between gingivitis and the inflammatory markers hs-CRP and IL6 in 10-year-olds. In 15-year-olds, gingivitis (aOR: 2.17; 95% CI: 1.25-3.77); daily smoking (aOR: 6.27; 95% CI: 1.39-28.39); and being overweight/obese (aOR: 4.95; 95% CI: 0.73-33.68) were identified as significantly influencing factors for elevated hs-CRP values. Oral hygiene did not influence hs-CRP. Conclusion: In this study, hs-CRP was positively associated with gingivitis, smoking daily and overweight/obesity among 15-year-olds.
AU  - Pitchika, V.
AU  - Thiering, E.
AU  - Metz, I.*
AU  - Rothmaier, K.*
AU  - Willenberg, A.*
AU  - Hickel, R.*
AU  - Standl, M.
AU  - Kocher, T.*
AU  - Heinrich, J.
AU  - Kühnisch, J.*
C1  - 50545
C2  - 42507
CY  - Hoboken
SP  - 372-381
TI  - Gingivitis and lifestyle influences on high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and interleukin 6 in adolescents.
JO  - J. Clin. Periodontol.
VL  - 44
IS  - 4
PB  - Wiley
PY  - 2017
SN  - 0303-6979
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - AIM: Identification of variants within genes SLC23A1 and SLC23A2 coding for vitamin C transporter proteins associated with aggressive (AgP) and chronic periodontitis (CP). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Employment of three independent case-control samples of AgP (I. 283 cases, 979 controls; II. 417 cases, 1,912 controls; III. 164 cases, 357 controls) and one sample of CP (1,359 cases, 1,296 controls). RESULTS: Stage 1: Among the tested SNPs, the rare allele (RA) of rs6596473 in SLC23A1 showed nominal significant association with AgP (p = 0.026, odds ratio [OR] 1.26, and a highly similar minor allele frequency between different control panels. Stage 2: rs6596473 showed no significant association with AgP in the replication with the German and Dutch case-control samples. After pooling the German AgP populations (674 cases, 2,891 controls) to significantly increase the statistical power (SP = 0.81), rs6596473 RA showed significant association with AgP prior to and upon adjustment with the covariates smoking and gender with padj = 0.005, OR = 1.35. Stage 3: RA of rs6596473 showed no significant association with severe CP. CONCLUSION: SNP rs6596473 of SLC23A1 is suggested to be associated with AgP. These results add to previous reports that vitamin C plays a role in the pathogenesis of periodontitis.
AU  - de Jong, T.M.*
AU  - Jochens, A.*
AU  - Jockel-Schneider, Y.*
AU  - Harks, I.*
AU  - Dommisch, H.*
AU  - Graetz, C.*
AU  - Flachsbart, F.*
AU  - Staufenbiel, I.*
AU  - Eberhard, J.*
AU  - Folwaczny, M.*
AU  - Noack, B.*
AU  - Meyle, J.*
AU  - Eickholz, P.*
AU  - Gieger, C.
AU  - Grallert, H.
AU  - Lieb, W.*
AU  - Franke, A.*
AU  - Nebel, A.*
AU  - Schreiber, S.*
AU  - Doerfer, C.*
AU  - Jepsen, S.*
AU  - Bruckmann, C.*
AU  - van der Velden, U.*
AU  - Loos, B.G.*
AU  - Schäfer, A.S.*
AU  - KORA Study Group (Holle, R.
AU  - Illig, T.
AU  - John, J.
AU  - Meisinger, C.
AU  - Peters, A.
AU  - Wichmann, H.-E.)
C1  - 31211
C2  - 34205
CY  - Hoboken
SP  - 531-540
TI  - SLC23A1 polymorphism rs6596473 in the vitamin C transporter SVCT1 is associated with aggressive periodontitis.
JO  - J. Clin. Periodontol.
VL  - 41
IS  - 6
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
PY  - 2014
SN  - 0303-6979
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - AIM: Periodontitis (PD) is influenced by genetic as well as life-style and socio-economic factors. Epidemiological studies show that men are at greater risk of severe forms of PD, suggesting interplay between sex and genetic factors. We aimed to systematically analyze patients with aggressive periodontitis (AgP) for gene-sex interactions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 329 German AgP cases and 983 controls were genotyped with Affymetrix 500K Arrays and were analyzed by logistic regression analysis. The most significant gene-sex interaction was replicated in an independent sample of 382 German/Austrian AgP cases and 489 controls. RESULTS: Ten single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in strong linkage disequilibrium (r(2) >0.85) upstream the gene neuropeptide Y (NPY) suggested gene-sex interaction (p<5x10(-5) ). SNP rs198712 showed the strongest association in interaction with sex (p=5.4x10(-6) ) with odds ratios in males and females of 1.63 and 0.69, respectively. In the replication, interaction of sex with rs198712 was verified with p=0.022 (pooled p=4.03x10(-6) ) and similar genetic effects. Analysis of chromatin elements from ENCODE data revealed tissue specific transcription at the associated non-coding region. CONCLUSION: The current study is the first to observe a sexually dimorphic role of alleles at NPY in humans and support previous genome-wide findings of a role of NPY in severe PD.
AU  - Freitag-Wolf, S.*
AU  - Dommisch, H.*
AU  - Graetz, C.*
AU  - Jockel-Schneider, Y.*
AU  - Harks, I.*
AU  - Staufenbiel, I.*
AU  - Meyle, J.*
AU  - Eickholz, P.*
AU  - Noack, B.*
AU  - Bruckmann, C.*
AU  - Gieger, C.
AU  - Jepsen, S.*
AU  - Lieb, W.*
AU  - Schreiber, S.*
AU  - König, I.R.*
AU  - Schäfer, A.S.*
C1  - 32490
C2  - 35070
SP  - 1115-1121
TI  - Genome-wide exploration identifies sex-specific genetic effects of alleles upstream NPY to increase the risk of severe periodontitis in men.
JO  - J. Clin. Periodontol.
VL  - 41
IS  - 12
PY  - 2014
SN  - 0303-6979
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - AIM: Comparison of regenerative therapy of infrabony defects with and without administration of postsurgical systemic doxycycline (DOXY). METHODS: In each of 61 patients one infrabony defect was treated with enamel matrix derivative (EMD), EMD plus filler or membrane at two centres. By random assignment patients received either 200 mg DOXY per day or placebo (PLAC) for 7 days after surgery. Prior to and 6 months after surgery probing pocket depths (PPD) and vertical attachment level (PAL-V) were obtained. RESULTS: Fifty-four patients (DOXY: 27; PLAC: 27) were re-examined after 6 months and had been treated exclusively with EMD. Seven to 8 days after surgery 81% of defects in both groups showed complete flap closure. In both groups significant (p < 0.001) PPD reduction (DOXY: 3.87 ± 1.44 mm; PLAC: 3.67 ± 1.30 mm) and PAL-V gain (DOXY: 3.11 ± 1.50 mm; PLAC: 3.32 ± 1.83 mm) were observed. However, the differences failed to be statistically significant (PPD: 0.20; p = 0.588; PAL-V: 0.21; p = 0.657). CONCLUSIONS: Two hundred milligram systemic DOXY administered for 7 days after therapy of infrabony defects with EMD failed to result in better PPD reduction and PAL-V gain compared with PLAC which may be due to low power (50%) and, thus, random chance.
AU  - Röllke, L.*
AU  - Schacher, B.*
AU  - Wohlfeil, M.*
AU  - Kim, T.-S.*
AU  - Kaltschmitt, J.*
AU  - Krieger, J.*
AU  - Krigar, D.M.*
AU  - Reitmeir, P.
AU  - Eickholz, P.*
C1  - 7522
C2  - 29781
SP  - 448-456
TI  - Regenerative therapy of infrabony defects with or without systemic doxycycline. A randomized placebo-controlled trial.
JO  - J. Clin. Periodontol.
VL  - 39
IS  - 5
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
PY  - 2012
SN  - 0303-6979
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - To assess prognostic factors for tooth loss after active periodontal therapy (APT) in patients with aggressive periodontitis (AgP) at tooth level.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Eighty-four patients with AgP were re-evaluated after a mean period of 10.5 years of supportive periodontal therapy (SPT). Two thousand and fifty-four teeth were entered into the model. The tooth-related factors including baseline bone loss, tooth location and type, furcation involvement (FI), regenerative therapy, and abutment status, as well as time of follow-up and other patient-related factors were tested for their prognostic value at tooth level. Multilevel regression analysis was performed for statistical analysis to identify factors contributing to tooth loss. RESULTS: During SPT, 113 teeth (1.34 teeth per patient) were lost. Baseline bone loss, use as abutment tooth, tooth type, and maxillary location contributed significantly to tooth loss during SPT. Molars showed the highest risk for tooth loss after APT. Moreover, time of follow-up and the patient-related factor "educational status" significantly accounted for tooth loss at tooth level. CONCLUSION: Baseline bone loss, abutment status, tooth location, and type as well as time of follow-up and educational status were detected as prognostic factors for tooth loss during SPT in patients with AgP at tooth level.
AU  - Bäumer, A.*
AU  - Pretzl, B.*
AU  - Cosgarea, R.*
AU  - Kim, T.S.*
AU  - Reitmeir, P.
AU  - Eickholz, P.*
AU  - Dannewitz, B.*
C1  - 6427
C2  - 28665
SP  - 644-651
TI  - Tooth loss in aggressive periodontitis after active periodontal therapy: Patient-related and tooth-related prognostic factors.
JO  - J. Clin. Periodontol.
VL  - 38
IS  - 7
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
PY  - 2011
SN  - 0303-6979
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - Evaluation of patient-related risk factors contributing to tooth loss and recurrence of periodontitis 10.5 years after initial therapy in patients with aggressive periodontitis (AgP). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Eighty-four of 174 patients were included. Re-examination consisted of patient's history, clinical examination and test for interleukin (IL)-1 composite genotype. Patients' charts were searched for regularity of maintenance and initial diagnosis. Statistical analysis was performed using Poisson and logistical regression analysis. RESULTS: The responder rate was 48%. Thirteen of 84 patients presented a localized AgP, 68 were females and 29 smoked. One hundred and thirteen teeth out of 2154 were lost after therapy (1.34 teeth/patient). Age (p=0.0018), absence of IL-1 composite genotype (p=0.0091) and educational status (p=0.0085) were identified as statistically significant risk factors for tooth loss. Twenty patients exhibited recurrence of periodontitis at re-examination. Smoking (p=0.0034) and mean Gingival Bleeding Index (GBI) (p=0.0239) contributed significantly to recurrence of disease. No patient participating regularly in supportive periodontal therapy (SPT) showed disease recurrence. CONCLUSION: Age, absence of IL-1 composite genotype and low social status are detected as risk factors for tooth loss. Smoking and high mean GBI are associated with an increased risk for recurrence of periodontitis, whereas regular SPT acts as a protective factor.
AU  - Bäumer, A.*
AU  - El Sayed, N.*
AU  - Kim, T.S.*
AU  - Reitmeir, P.
AU  - Eickholz, P.*
AU  - Pretzl, B.*
C1  - 6428
C2  - 28666
SP  - 347-354
TI  - Patient-related risk factors for tooth loss in aggressive periodontitis after active periodontal therapy.
JO  - J. Clin. Periodontol.
VL  - 38
IS  - 4
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
PY  - 2011
SN  - 0303-6979
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - Assessment of patient-related factors contributing (1) to tooth loss and (2) to the quality of treatment outcome 10 years after initiation of anti-infective therapy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: All patients who had received active periodontal treatment 10 years ago by the same examiner were recruited consecutively until a total of 100 patients were re-examined. Re-examination was performed by a second examiner and included clinical examination, test for interleukin-1 (IL-1) polymorphism, smoking history, review of patients' files (e.g. regularity of supportive periodontal therapy: SPT). Statistical analysis included Poisson and logistic regressions. RESULTS: Fifty-three patients attended SPT regularly, 59 were females, 38 were IL-1 positive. Poisson regressions identified mean plaque index during SPT (p<0.0001), irregular attendance of SPT (p<0.0001), age (p<0.0001), initial diagnosis (p=0.0005), IL-1 polymorphism (p=0.0007), smoking (p=0.0053), and sex (p=0.0487) as factors significantly contributing to tooth loss. Additionally, mean plaque index during SPT (p=0.011) and irregular SPT (p=0.002) were associated with a worse periodontal status 10 years after initiation of therapy. CONCLUSION: The following risk factors for tooth loss were identified: ineffective oral hygiene, irregular SPT, IL-1 polymorphism, initial diagnosis, smoking, age and sex.
AU  - Eickholz, P.*
AU  - Kaltschmitt, J.*
AU  - Berbig, J.*
AU  - Reitmeir, P.
AU  - Pretzl, B.*
C1  - 4039
C2  - 25326
SP  - 165-174
TI  - Tooth loss after active periodontal therapy. 1: Patient-related factors for risk, prognosis, and quality of outcome.
JO  - J. Clin. Periodontol.
VL  - 35
IS  - 2
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
PY  - 2008
SN  - 0303-6979
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - To assess tooth-related factors contributing to tooth loss over a period of 10 years after completion of active periodontal therapy (APT). MATERIAL AND METHODS: All patients who had received APT by the same experienced periodontist, 10 years before beginning the research, were recruited until 100 patients were re-examined. Examinations included, at the patient level: test for interleukin-1 polymorphism, compliance to supportive periodontal therapy (SPT), mean plaque scores during SPT; at the tooth level: assessment of baseline bone loss (type, amount), tooth type, furcation status and abutment status. Logistic multilevel regression was performed for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Hundred patients with 2301 teeth at the baseline (completion of APT) were retrospectively examined. One hundred fifty-five teeth were lost over 10 years after APT. Logistic multilevel regression identified high plaque scores, irregular attendance of SPT and age as patient-related factors significantly accounting for tooth loss. Tooth-related factors significantly contributing to tooth loss were baseline bone loss, furcation involvement and use as an abutment tooth. However, in patients with regular SPT, 93% of teeth with 60-80% bone loss at the baseline, survived 10 years. CONCLUSION: The following tooth-related risk factors for tooth loss were identified: baseline bone loss, furcation involvement, and use as an abutment tooth.
AU  - Pretzl, B.*
AU  - Kaltschmitt, J.*
AU  - Kim, T.S.*
AU  - Reitmeir, P.
AU  - Eickholz, P.*
C1  - 4037
C2  - 25337
SP  - 175-182
TI  - Tooth loss after active periodontal therapy. 2: Tooth-related factors.
JO  - J. Clin. Periodontol.
VL  - 35
IS  - 2
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
PY  - 2008
SN  - 0303-6979
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Horwitz, J.*
AU  - Machtei, E.E.*
AU  - Reitmeir, P.
AU  - Holle, R.
AU  - Kim,T.-S.*
AU  - Eickholz, P.*
C1  - 886
C2  - 22287
SP  - 1-7
TI  - Radiographic parameters as prognostic indicators for healing of class II furcation defects.
JO  - J. Clin. Periodontol.
VL  - 31
PB  - Wiley
PY  - 2004
SN  - 0303-6979
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - Aim: Evaluation of the clinical effect of topical application of doxycycline adjunctive to non-surgical periodontal therapy.Methods: A total of 111 patients suffering from untreated or recurrent moderate to severe periodontitis at 3 different centers (Heidelberg, Frankfurt, Nijmegen) were treated in this double-blind split-mouth study. In each patient, 3 different treatment modalities were assigned randomly to 3 test teeth: scaling and root planing alone (SRP), SRP with subgingival vehicle control (VEH), and SRP with subgingival application of a newly developed biodegradable 15% doxycycline gel (DOXI). At baseline, clinical parameters were measured at all single rooted teeth using a reference splint: PlI, PPD, relative attachment level (RAL-V), GI. 3 strata were generated according to baseline PPD: (i) 5-6 mm, (ii) 7-8 mm, (iii) greater than or equal to9 mm. Not more than 50% active smokers were allowed to each stratum. 3 and 6 months after therapy re-examination was performed by examiners blinded to baseline data and test sites. The statistical comparison of RAL-V gain and PPD reduction between the treatments was based on a repeated measures ANOVA with correction according to Huynh & Feldt. The comparison of SRP versus DOXI was considered as the main study question.Results: 110 patients finished the 3 months and 108 the 6 months examination. The study did not show adverse effects of VEH or DOXI except for one singular inflammation that occurred 2 months after application of the doxycycline gel. DOXI provided statistically significantly more favorable PPD reduction (SRP: -2.4+/-1.4 mm, VEH: -2.7+/-1.6 mm, DOXI: -3.1+/-1.2 mm; SRP versus DOXI VEH versus DOXI p=0.0066) and RAL-V gain (SRP: 1.6+/-1.9 mm, VEH: 1.6+/-2.2 mm, DOXI: 2.0+/-1.7 mm; SRP versus DOXI p=0.027, VEH versus DOXI p=0.038) than SRP and VEH after 6 months.Conclusions: Adjunctive topical subgingival application of a biodegradable 15% doxycycline gel was safe and provided more favorable RAL-V gain and PPD reduction than SRP alone and VEH. Thus, by use of topical doxycycline the threshold for surgical periodontal therapy might be moved toward deeper pockets.
AU  - Eickholz, P.*
AU  - Kim, T.-S.*
AU  - Bürklin, T.*
AU  - Schacher, B.*
AU  - Renggli, H.H.*
AU  - Schaecken, M.T.*
AU  - Holle, R.
AU  - Kübler, A.*
AU  - Ratka-Krüger, P.*
C1  - 8972
C2  - 20161
SP  - 108-117
TI  - Non-surgical periodontal therapy with adjunctive topical doxycycline : A double-blind randomized controlled multicenter study. (I). Study design and clinical results.
JO  - J. Clin. Periodontol.
VL  - 29
PB  - Wiley
PY  - 2002
SN  - 0303-6979
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dörfer, C.E.*
AU  - Kim, T.-S.*
AU  - Steinbrenner, H.*
AU  - Holle, R.
AU  - Eickholz, P.*
C1  - 21505
C2  - 19626
SP  - 162-168
TI  - Regenerative periodontal surgery in interproximal intrabony defects with biodegradable barriers.
JO  - J. Clin. Periodontol.
VL  - 27
PB  - Wiley
PY  - 2000
SN  - 0303-6979
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - The aim of the present study was to compare the effects of guided tissue regeneration (GTR) with non-resorbable (ePTFE) and biodegradable barriers (Polyglactin 910). 23 patients provided 29 pairs of similar contralateral periodontal defects (12 pairs of interproximal intrabony lesions, 11 pairs of degree II and 6 pairs of degree III furcation defects). Each defect was randomly assigned to treatment with either non-resorbable (control [c]) or biodegradable (test [t]) devices. At baseline, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months after surgery, clinical measurements (PlI, GI, PPD, PAL-V, PAL-H) were performed. Standardized radiographs were obtained at baseline 12 and 24 months postsurgically. On the radiographs, the linear distances from the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ) to the alveolar crest (AC) and from the CEJ to bottom of the bony defect (BD) were measured using a computer-assisted analysing method (LMSRT). Both treatments revealed a significant (p<0.05) PPD reduction [all defects: -2.97 +/- 1.90 mm (t), -2.21 +/- 1.73 mm (c); intrabony defects: -4.00 +/- 1.96 mm (t), -3.00 +/- 1.87 mm (c); degree II furcations: -2.67 +/- 0.97 mm (t), -2.08 +/- 1.54 mm (c)], PAL-V gain [all defects: 2.02 +/- 1.83 mm (t), 1.18 mm +/- 1.50 (c); intrabony defects: 3.45 +/- 1.48 mm (t), 1.95 +/- 1.64 mm (c); degree II furcations: 1.33 +/- 0.94 mm (t), 0.92 +/- 1.47 mm (c)], PAL-H gain [degree II furcations: 2.22 +/- 0.94 mm (t), 1.86 +/- 0.60 mm (c)], and radiographic changes [CEJ-AC: -0.56 +/- 1.98 mm (t), -0.06 +/- 1.19 mm (c); CEJ-BD: 2.10 +/- 1.92 mm (t), 1.24 +/- 2.04 mm (c)] after 24 months. For degree III furcations, neither statistically significant PPD reduction nor PAL-V gain was observed. Similar clinical and radiographic results were found 12 and 24 months after surgical treatment using either non-resorbable or biodegradable barriers. More favorable results concerning PAL-V gain in interproximal intrabony defects could be observed with biodegradable barriers after 24 months than using nonresorbable membranes. Whereas interproximal intrabony lesions and degree II furcation defects responded favorably to GTR therapy, through-and-through furcations must be looked upon as a contraindication for this regenerative technique. Based on the results of the present study, the use of biodegradable barriers in GTR may be recommended and, thereby, a surgical re-entry to remove nonresorbable barriers can be avoided.
AU  - Eickholz, P.*
AU  - Kim, T.S.*
AU  - Holle, R.
C1  - 24159
C2  - 31446
SP  - 666-676
TI  - Regenerative periodontal surgery with non-resorbable and biodegradable barriers: Results after 24 months.
JO  - J. Clin. Periodontol.
VL  - 25
IS  - 8
PB  - Munksgaard
PY  - 1998
SN  - 0303-6979
ER  -