TY - JOUR AB - BACKGROUND: The risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in individuals with an alerting reaction, assessed by hypertension in the first blood pressure (BP) reading but normal BP in further readings, remains unknown in the general population. METHODS AND RESULTS: In a sample of 11 146 adults (51.5% men and 48.5% women) with a mean age of 47.1 years (SD ± 12.3) from a German population-based cohort, we analyzed risk factors and CVD mortality risk associated with an alerting reaction. An alerting reaction was prevalent in 10.2% of the population and associated with sociodemographic, lifestyle, and somatic CVD risk factors. Within a mean follow-up period of 22.7 years (SD ± 7.05 years; max: 32 years; 253 201 person years), 1420 (12.7%) CVD mortality cases were observed. The CVD mortality rate associated with an alerting reaction was significantly higher than in normotension (64 vs. 32 cases/10 000 person-years), but lower than hypertension (118 cases/10 000 person-years). Correspondingly, the alerting reaction was associated with a 23% higher hazard ratio of CVD mortality than normal blood pressure [hazard ratio 1.23 (95% confidence interval 1.02-1.49), P = 0.04]. However, adjustment for antihypertensive medication use attenuated this association [1.19 (0.99-1.44), P = 0.06]. CONCLUSION: The results may warrant monitoring of an alerting reaction as a preventive measure of CVD mortality in untreated individuals with elevated first BP readings, as well as optimized treatment in treated individuals. AU - Atasoy, S.* AU - Henningsen, P.* AU - Johar, H.* AU - Middeke, M.* AU - Sattel, H.* AU - Linkohr, B. AU - Rückert-Eheberg, I.-M. AU - Heier, M. AU - Peters, A. AU - Ladwig, K.H.* C1 - 68978 C2 - 53794 CY - Two Commerce Sq, 2001 Market St, Philadelphia, Pa 19103 Usa SP - 521-529 TI - Hypertension in the first blood pressure reading and the risk of cardiovascular disease mortality in the general population: Findings from the prospective KORA study. JO - J. Hypertens. VL - 42 IS - 3 PB - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins PY - 2023 SN - 0263-6352 ER - TY - JOUR AB - OBJECTIVES: Glycosylation of immunoglobulin G (IgG) is an important regulator of the immune system and has been implicated in prevalent hypertension.The aim of this study is to investigate whether the IgG glycome begins to change prior to hypertension diagnosis by analysing the IgG glycome composition in a large population-based female cohort with two independent replication samples. METHODS: We included 989 unrelated cases with incident hypertension and 1628 controls from the TwinsUK cohort (mean follow-up time of 6.3 years) with IgG measured at baseline by ultra-performance liquid chromatography and longitudinal BP measurement available. We replicated our findings in 106 individuals from the 10 001 Dalmatians and 729 from KORA S4. Cox regression mixed models were applied to identify changes in glycan traits preincident hypertension, after adjusting for age, mean arterial pressure, BMI, family relatedness and multiple testing (FDR < 0.1). Significant IgG-incident hypertension associations were replicated in the two independent cohorts by leveraging Cox regression mixed models in the 10 001 Dalmatians and logistic regression models in the KORA cohort. RESULTS: We identified and replicated four glycan traits, incidence of bisecting GlcNAc, GP4, GP9 and GP21, that are predictive of incident hypertension after adjusting for confoundes and multiple testing [hazard ratio (95% CI) ranging from 0.45 (0.24-0.84) for GP21 to 2.9 (1.5-5.68) for GP4]. We then linearly combined the four replicated glycans and found that the glycan score correlated with incident hypertension, SBP and DBP. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that the IgG glycome changes prior to the development of hypertension. AU - Kifer, D.* AU - Louca, P.* AU - Cvetko, A.* AU - Deriš, H.* AU - Cindrić, A.* AU - Grallert, H. AU - Peters, A. AU - Polasek, O.* AU - Gornik, O.* AU - Mangino, M.* AU - Spector, T.D.* AU - Valdes, A.M.* AU - Padmanabhan, S.* AU - Gieger, C. AU - Lauc, G.* AU - Menni, C.* C1 - 62657 C2 - 51019 CY - Two Commerce Sq, 2001 Market St, Philadelphia, Pa 19103 Usa SP - 2527-2533 TI - N-glycosylation of immunoglobulin G predicts incident hypertension. JO - J. Hypertens. VL - 39 IS - 12 PB - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins PY - 2021 SN - 0263-6352 ER - TY - JOUR AB - OBJECTIVES: To compare the correlations of MRI-derived adipose tissue measurements and anthropometric markers, respectively, with prevalent hypertension in a community-based sample, free of clinical cardiovascular disease. METHODS: MRI-derived adipose tissue measurements were obtained in 345 participants (143 women; age 39-73 years) of the KORA FF4 survey from Southern Germany using a 3-Tesla machine and included total adipose tissue (TAT), visceral adipose tissue (VAT), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SCAT), hepatic fat fraction (HFF), pancreatic fat fraction (PFF) as well as pericardial adipose tissue (PAT). In addition, the anthropometric markers body mass index, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist-hip ratio (WHR) and waist-height ratio (WHtR) as well as blood pressure measurements were obtained. RESULTS: The prevalence of hypertension was 33.6% (women: 28%, men: 38%). VAT and PAT had the highest area under the curve (AUC) values for identifying individuals with prevalent hypertension (AUC: 0.75; 0.73, respectively), whereas WHtR and waist circumference were best performing anthropometric markers (AUC: 0.72; 0.70, respectively). A 1SD increment of TAT was associated with the highest odd for hypertension in the age-adjusted and sex-adjusted model (OR = 2.20, 95% CI 1.67-2.91, P < 0.001) and in the fully adjusted model (OR = 1.97, 95% CI 1.45-2.66, P < 0.001). TAT was the only MRI-derived adipose tissue measurement that was associated with hypertension independently of the best performing anthropometric marker waist circumference in the fully adjusted model (OR = 1.93, 95% CI 1.00-3.72, P = 0.049). CONCLUSION: MRI-derived adipose tissue measurements perform similarly in identifying prevalent hypertension compared with anthropometric markers. Especially, TAT, VAT and PAT as well as WHtR and waist circumference were highly correlated with prevalent hypertension. AU - Lorbeer, R.* AU - Rospleszcz, S. AU - Schlett, C.L.* AU - Heber, S.D.* AU - Machann, J. AU - Thorand, B. AU - Meisinger, C. AU - Heier, M. AU - Peters, A. AU - Bamberg, F.* AU - Lieb, W.* C1 - 53341 C2 - 44828 SP - 1555-1562 TI - Correlation of MRI-derived adipose tissue measurements and anthropometric markers with prevalent hypertension in the community. JO - J. Hypertens. VL - 36 IS - 7 PY - 2018 SN - 0263-6352 ER - TY - JOUR AB - OBJECTIVES: We assessed whether liver fat content, as determined by MRI, correlates with blood pressure (BP), a major vascular risk factor, in individuals from the general population without history of stroke and coronary or peripheral artery disease. METHODS: Cross-sectional data from 384 participants (161 women; aged 39-73 years) of a MRI substudy of the KORA FF4 survey were used. Hepatic fat fraction (HFF) was measured in the left and right lobe of the liver using single voxel multiecho H-spectroscopy and at the level of the portal vein using a multiecho Dixon-sequence. Associations of HFF with SBP and DBP as well as hypertension were assessed by right censored normal regression (accounting for antihypertensive treatment) and by logistic regression, respectively. RESULTS: High levels of HFF measured on the level of the portal vein (90th percentile, 21.8%), compared with low HFF levels (10th percentile, 1.7%), were associated with higher SBP (131 vs. 122 mmHg; overall P = 0.001), higher DBP (82 vs. 76 mmHg, P < 0.001) and with higher odds of hypertension [odds ratio (OR) = 2.16, P = 0.025]. A level of 5.13% (54th percentile) was identified as optimal HFF cut-off for the prediction of hypertension (OR = 2.00, P = 0.015). Alcohol consumption emerged as an effect modifier for the association between HFF and hypertension (nonalcohol drinker: OR = 3.76, P = 0.025; alcohol drinker: OR = 1.59, P = 0.165). CONCLUSION: MRI-derived subclinical HFF is associated with SBP and DBP as well as with hypertension in participants from the general population without history of cardiovascular disease. AU - Lorbeer, R.* AU - Bayerl, C.* AU - Auweter, S.* AU - Rospleszcz, S. AU - Lieb, W.* AU - Meisinger, C. AU - Heier, M. AU - Peters, A. AU - Bamberg, F.* AU - Hetterich, H.* C1 - 50625 C2 - 42652 CY - Philadelphia SP - 737-744 TI - Association between MRI-derived hepatic fat fraction and blood pressure in participants without history of cardiovascular disease. JO - J. Hypertens. VL - 35 IS - 4 PB - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins PY - 2017 SN - 0263-6352 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Context: Copeptin and high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) are biomarkers associated with increased mortality in patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease as well as in the general population. No data exist regarding these markers in patients with primary aldosteronism. Objective: To evaluate copeptin and hsCRP levels as cardiovascular risk markers in primary aldosteronism patients. Methods: A total of 113 primary aldosteronism patients (64% male) from two centers of the prospective German Conn's Registry were identified, for whom a full data set and blood samples at baseline and follow-up (143.4 months) after initiation of specific primary aldosteronism treatment were available. These cases were matched 1 : 3 (n 339) for sex, renal function, BMI, age and SBP with participants from the Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg F4 survey. Copeptin and hsCRP were determined by sandwich fluoroimmunoassay. Results: HsCRP was significantly higher in primary aldosteronism patients at baseline compared with matched controls. Following specific therapy, hsCRP and copeptin decreased significantly in primary aldosteronism patients [median (25th and 75th percentile): 1.6 (0.8, 3.4) to 1.2 (0.6, 2.1) mg/l, P<0.001; 7.8 (4.6, 13.5) to 5.0 (3.1, 8.9) pmol/l, P<0.001, respectively]. Men had higher hsCRP and copeptin levels at baseline and follow-up compared with women. The combination of sex, hypokalemia, lateralization index and blood pressure were the best predictors of outcome. However, copeptin and hsCRP had no predictive value despite the association of lower copeptin levels with better outcome regarding cure of primary aldosteronism. Conclusion: Copeptin and hsCRP levels decrease following specific primary aldosteronism therapy reflecting successful cardiovascular risk reduction. However, they are no independent predictors regarding cure of primary aldosteronism. AU - Remde, H.* AU - Dietz, A.* AU - Emeny, R.T. AU - Riester, A.* AU - Peters, A. AU - de Las Heras Gala, T. AU - Then, C.* AU - Seissler, J.* AU - Beuschlein, F.* AU - Reincke, M.* AU - Quinkler, M.* C1 - 49537 C2 - 30795 SP - 2066-2073 TI - The cardiovascularmarkers copeptin and highsensitive C-reactive protein decrease following specific therapy for primary aldosteronism. JO - J. Hypertens. VL - 34 IS - 10 PY - 2016 SN - 0263-6352 ER - TY - JOUR AB - OBJECTIVE: Results on the association between vitamin D and blood pressure are conflicting and little is known about how their relationship may be affected by obesity. Thus, we explored whether waist circumference modified the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and blood pressure in participants of the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 2001-2006. METHODS: We included 10 331 nonpregnant participants aged 20 years or older. The association of serum 25(OH)D with systolic and diastolic blood pressure, in the total sample and stratified by waist circumference category (abdominal overweight: 80 to <88 cm in females / 94 to <102 cm in males; abdominal obesity: ≥88 cm in females/ ≥102 cm in males), was examined using multiple linear regression. Effect modification by waist circumference was assessed through a cross-product interaction term between 25(OH)D category and waist circumference category. RESULTS: Waist circumference significantly modified the inverse association between 25(OH)D and systolic blood pressure (SBP) (P value for interaction: 0.09). A stronger association of 25(OH)D levels below 15 ng/ml (reference: ≥30 ng/ml) with SBP was found in abdominally obese (β = 3.5 mmHg) than in abdominally overweight (β = 2.0 mmHg) and normal waist participants (β = 1.2 mmHg), but this interaction was only significant in participants without antihypertensive treatment. No significant effect modification was found for diastolic blood pressure. CONCLUSION: Results from this large, cross-sectional sample suggest that the association between 25(OH)D and SBP is stronger in individuals with abdominal obesity than in those with a normal waist or with abdominal overweight. AU - Vogt, S. AU - Baumert, J.J. AU - Peters, A. AU - Thorand, B. AU - Scragg, R.* C1 - 47796 C2 - 39507 CY - Philadelphia SP - 637-645 TI - Waist circumference modifies the association between serum 25(OH)D and systolic blood pressure: Results from NHANES 2001-2006. JO - J. Hypertens. VL - 34 IS - 4 PB - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins PY - 2016 SN - 0263-6352 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Gouni-Berthold, I.* AU - Michalke, B. AU - Krone, W.* AU - Guallar, E.* AU - Berthold, H.K.* C1 - 24321 C2 - 31516 SP - 1050-1052 TI - Selenium and hypertension: Do we need to reconsider selenium supplementation in cancer patients? Reply. JO - J. Hypertens. VL - 31 IS - 5 PB - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins PY - 2013 SN - 0263-6352 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Aims: Selenium is an antioxidant micronutrient with potential associations with hypertension. Few studies have investigated the association of serum selenium concentrations with blood pressure and hypertension in countries with low dietary selenium intake such as Germany, with inconsistent findings. Methods: We undertook a cross-sectional analysis of participants in the Lipid Analytic Cologne (LIANCO) cohort. To reduce potential confounding, we restricted the analysis to 792 participants who were never smokers, who did not use antihypertensive medications, and who did not have diabetes or known atherosclerotic disease. Hypertension was defined as blood pressure at least 140 and/or at least 90 mmHg. About half of the cohort was diagnosed as hypertensive. Selenium was measured by inductively coupled plasma-dynamic reaction cell-mass spectrometry (ICP-DRC-MS). Results: Mean +/- standard deviation (SD) serum selenium concentration was 68 +/- 32 mu g/l. The multivariable adjusted differences (95% confidence intervals) in blood pressure levels comparing the highest (>91.9 mu g/l) to the lowest (<= 42.8 mu g/l) quartile of serum selenium were 5.2 (1.4 to 8.9), 2.8 (0.7 to 4.8), and 2.4 (-0.4 to 5.2) mmHg for systolic, diastolic, and pulse pressure, respectively (P for trend for all <0.003). The corresponding multivariable adjusted odds ratio for the presence of hypertension was 1.52 (0.98 to 2.36; P trend = 0.004). Conclusions: The data suggest that even in a population with very low serum selenium concentrations higher serum selenium concentrations are associated with higher blood pressure levels and a higher prevalence of hypertension. These findings call for careful evaluation of the effects of selenium on blood pressure endpoints in randomized clinical trials. AU - Berthold, H.K.* AU - Michalke, B. AU - Krone, W.* AU - Guallar, E.* AU - Gouni-Berthold, I.* C1 - 7667 C2 - 29905 SP - 1328-1335 TI - Influence of serum selenium concentrations on hypertension: The Lipid Analytic Cologne cross-sectional study. JO - J. Hypertens. VL - 30 IS - 7 PB - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins PY - 2012 SN - 0263-6352 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Objectives: Rapid growth velocity in early life may be a risk factor for obesity, elevated blood pressure, and adverse metabolic markers in childhood, but results are not consistent. We analysed the association between peak growth velocity during the first 2 years of life and blood pressure, fasting glucose and insulin at 10 years of age. Methods: A prospective German birth cohort (LISAplus) provided data on growth, blood pressure, glucose, and insulin for 1127 children up to the age of 10 years. All children had a birth weight of at least 2500 g. Growth was modelled using nonlinear mixed-effect Reed1 models. Associations between peak growth velocities and metabolic outcomes were calculated with linear regression models. Potential confounders were sequentially adjusted for. Results: Higher peak height velocity (PHV) and peak weight velocity (PWV) in infancy were associated with significant increase in systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in children at 10 years. For each 10.2 cm/year [2 standard deviation (SD)] increase in PHV, SBP increased by 2.94 mmHg [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.34, 4.54] after adjustment for potential confounders including birth weight and body mass index. A 5.1 kg/year (2 SD) higher PWV was associated with a 2.13 mmHg (95% CI 0.51, 3.74) increase in SBP and a 1.91 mmHg (95% CI 0.52, 3.30) increase in DBP. No consistent associations were found between PHV or PWV and the Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) index after multiple adjustments. Conclusions: Blood pressure and metabolic outcomes at school age may be associated with growth patterns in early life, regardless of relative weight during school age. AU - Thiering, E. AU - Brüske, I. AU - Kratzsch, J.* AU - Hoffmann, B.* AU - Herbarth, O.* AU - von Berg, A.* AU - Schaaf, B.* AU - Wichmann, H.-E. AU - Heinrich, J. AU - LISAplus Study Group (Wichmann, H.-E. AU - Heinrich, J.) C1 - 8008 C2 - 29984 SP - 1114-1121 TI - Peak growth velocity in infancy is positively associated with blood pressure in school-aged children. JO - J. Hypertens. VL - 30 IS - 6 PB - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins PY - 2012 SN - 0263-6352 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Background: It is unclear whether persistent prehypertension causes structural or functional alterations of the heart. Methods: We examined echocardiographic data of 1005 adults from a population-based survey at baseline in 1994/1995 and at follow-up in 2004/2005. We compared individuals who had either persistently normal (< 120 mmHg systolic and <80 mmHg diastolic, n = 142) or prehypertensive blood pressure (120-139 mmHg or 80-89 mmHg, n = 119) at both examinations using multivariate regression modeling. Results: Over 10 years, left ventricular end-diastolic diameters were stable and did not differ between the two groups. However, the prehypertensive blood pressure group displayed more pronounced ageing-related increases of left ventricular wall thickness (+4.7 versus +11.9%, P < 0.001) and left ventricular mass (+8.6 versus +15.7%, P = 0.006). Prehypertension was associated with a raised incidence of left ventricular concentric remodeling (adjusted odds ratio 10.7, 95% confidence interval 2.82-40.4) and left ventricular hypertrophy (adjusted odds ratio 5.33, 1.58-17.9). The ratio of early and late diastolic peak transmitral flow velocities (E/A) decreased by 7.7% in the normal blood pressure versus 15.7% in the prehypertensive blood pressure group (P=0.003) and at follow-up the ratio of early diastolic peak transmitral flow and early diastolic peak myocardial relaxation velocities (E/EM) was higher (9.1 versus 8.5, P=0.031) and left atrial size was larger (36.5 versus 35.3 mm, P=0.024) in the prehypertensive blood pressure group. Finally, the adjusted odds ratio for incident diastolic dysfunction was 2.52 (1.01-6.31) for the prehypertensive blood pressure group. Conclusions: Persistent prehypertension accelerates the development of hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction of the heart. AU - Markus, M.R.P.* AU - Stritzke, J.* AU - Lieb, W.* AU - Mayer, B.* AU - Luchner, A.* AU - Döring, A. AU - Keil, U.* AU - Hense, H.-W.* AU - Schunkert, H.* C1 - 1964 C2 - 25995 SP - 2040-2049 TI - Implications of persistent prehypertension for ageing-related changes in left ventricular geometry and function: The Mokay werONICA/KORA Augsburg study. JO - J. Hypertens. VL - 26 IS - 10 PB - Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins PY - 2008 SN - 0263-6352 ER - TY - JOUR AB - To examine sex-specific associations between blood pressure levels and incident type 2 diabetes mellitus in a representative population sample in Germany. METHODS: The study was based on 5556 men and 5445 women (aged 25-74 years) who participated in one of the three Monitoring Trends and Determinants on Cardiovascular Diseases Augsburg surveys between 1984 and 1995 and who were free of diabetes at baseline. Sex-specific hazard ratios were estimated from Cox proportional hazard models. RESULTS: A total of 410 cases of incident type 2 diabetes among men and 263 among women were registered during the median follow-up period of 12.5 years. Higher blood pressure levels were associated with older age, higher body mass index (BMI), a higher prevalence of dyslipidemia, a lower prevalence of regular smoking, high alcohol consumption (men only), and a lower education level. Compared with individuals with normal blood pressure, the hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) of incident diabetes associated with an optimal blood pressure, high normal blood pressure, and hypertension were 0.67 (0.36-1.27), 1.76 (1.24-2.51), and 1.93 (1.41-2.65) for men and 0.74 (0.41-1.32), 1.07 (0.67-1.73), and 2.05 (1.41-2.99) for women. The found association was present in the subgroup with low BMI as well as in the group with high BMI supporting the assumption that blood pressure may contribute to the manifestation of type 2 diabetes independent of BMI. CONCLUSION: Established hypertension was significantly associated with incident type 2 diabetes in men and women from the general population, whereas high normal blood pressure significantly increased the risk of diabetes in men only. AU - Meisinger, C. AU - Döring, A. AU - Heier, M. C1 - 3640 C2 - 25735 SP - 1809-1815 TI - Blood pressure and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in men and women from the general population: The Monitoring Trends and Determinants on Cardiovascular Diseases/Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg Cohort Study. JO - J. Hypertens. VL - 26 IS - 9 PB - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins PY - 2008 SN - 0263-6352 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Extreme alterations in blood count such as anaemia or polycythemia are known to cause circulatory changes and, if these alterations persist, adaptations of cardiac geometry. OBJECTIVES: To investigate further the association between haematocrit levels and left ventricular geometry in a population-based sample. METHODS: We examined 687 women and 648 men, aged 25-74 years, participating in the third population-based MONICA Augsburg study. Anthropometry, blood pressure, laboratory measurements and M-mode echocardiography were obtained using standardized methods. RESULTS: Haematocrit levels were inversely related to end-diastolic diameters (P < 0.001). By contrast, septal and posterior wall thickness displayed parabolic association curves with nadirs at physiological haematocrit levels (P < 0.001). These associations remained significant after adjustment for age, sex, body fat, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, heart failure, serum creatinine, and were likewise found for haemoglobin levels or numbers of erythrocytes. These correlations appeared to be secondary to changes in blood pressure and stroke volume that correlated either positively (blood pressure) or inversely (stroke volume) with haematocrit levels. Consequently, a concentric pattern of left ventricular hypertrophy, i.e. a relative wall thickness of 0.45 or greater, was significantly more prevalent in subjects with high haematocrit levels than in those with intermediate haematocrit levels. By contrast, an eccentric left ventricular hypertrophy, i.e. relative wall thickness less than 0.45, was more common in subjects with low haematocrit levels. CONCLUSION: In the general population, the variability of haematocrit levels and its haemodynamic consequences translates to distinct patterns of left ventricular geometry. AU - Stritzke, J.* AU - Mayer, B.* AU - Lieb, W.* AU - Luchner, A.* AU - Döring, A. AU - Hense, H.-W.* AU - Schunkert, H.* C1 - 1808 C2 - 24616 SP - 1301-1309 TI - Haematocrit levels and left ventricular geometry: Results of the MONICA Augsburg Echocardiographic Substudy. JO - J. Hypertens. VL - 25 IS - 6 PB - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins PY - 2007 SN - 0263-6352 ER - TY - JOUR AB - OBJECTIVE: Survivors of myocardial infarction (MI) are known to have a high prevalence of arterial hypertension which, at the same time, imposes a major risk to such patients. Genetic variants of the arachidonic acid monooxygenase CYP4A11 may result in decreased synthesis of 20-hydroxyeicostatetraenoic acid (20-HETE), experimental hypertension and elevated blood pressure levels in humans. The present study aimed to investigate the impact of the functionally relevant T8590C polymorphism of this gene on blood pressure and the prevalence of hypertension in MI patients. METHODS: Survivors of MI from the MONICA Augsburg MI registry (n = 560) were studied after a mean of 5.6 years after the acute event. Participants were examined by standardized anthropometric and echocardiographic measurements, as well as genotyping for CYP4A11 T8590C allele status. RESULTS: Genotype frequencies in MI patients (TT = 71.8%, CT = 26.2%, CC = 2.0%) did not differ from those in population-based controls (n = 1363; TT = 75.4%, CT = 22.5% and CC = 2.1%, P = 0.22). MI survivors with the CC genotype displayed higher systolic blood pressure levels (CC: 143.4 ± 4.9 mmHg versus CT: 134.5 ± 1.3 mmHg and TT: 131.1 ± 0.8 mmHg; P = 0.02) and a non-significant trend towards higher diastolic blood pressure levels (CC: 88.4 ± 3.0 mmHg versus CT: 84.9 ± 0.8 mmHg and TT: 83.9 ± 0.5 mmHg; P = 0.17) in multivariate models. Accordingly, the C allele was related to elevated odds ratios for hypertension in a recessive [4.14; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.07-15.96, P = 0.04] and in a dominant model (1.50; 95% CI = 1.03-2.20, P = 0.04), respectively. No blood pressure-independent association of the T8590C polymorphism with echocardiographic parameters of left ventricular function and/or geometry was found. CONCLUSION: The data obtained in the present study strengthen the evidence of an association of the CYP4A11 T8590C polymorphism with blood pressure levels and hypertension prevalence. Particularly, the risk of arterial hypertension is substantially higher in MI patients homozygous for the CC allele. By contrast, no evidence was obtained for an association between this genotype and MI. © 2006 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. AU - Mayer, B.* AU - Lieb, W.* AU - Götz, A.* AU - König, I.R.* AU - Kauschen, L.F.* AU - Linsel-Nitschke, P.* AU - Pomarino, A.* AU - Holmer, S.* AU - Hengstenberg, C.* AU - Döring, A. AU - Loewel, H. AU - Hense, H.W.* AU - Ziegler, A.* AU - Erdmann, J.* AU - Schunkert, H.* C1 - 2314 C2 - 24261 SP - 1965-1970 TI - Association of a functional polymorphism in the CYP4A11 gene with systolic blood pressure in survivors of myocardial infarction. JO - J. Hypertens. VL - 24 IS - 10 PY - 2006 SN - 0263-6352 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Meisinger, C. AU - Heier, M. AU - Völzke, H.* AU - Löwel, H. AU - Mitusch, R.* AU - Hense, H.-W.* AU - Lüdemann, J.* C1 - 125 C2 - 23700 SP - 293-299 TI - Regional disparities of hypertension prevalence and management within Germany. JO - J. Hypertens. VL - 24 PY - 2006 SN - 0263-6352 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Heinrich, J. AU - Döring, A. C1 - 2573 C2 - 21806 SP - 889-892 TI - Blood pressure and rhinitis in adults: Results of the MONICA/KORA-study. JO - J. Hypertens. VL - 22 PY - 2004 SN - 0263-6352 ER - TY - JOUR AB - BACKGROUND: Indexation to fat-free mass (FFM) seems to be the best option for adjusting left ventricular (LV) mass. However, measurements of FFM are frequently not available. OBJECTIVES: To define the relation of FFM with commonly available anthropometric measures in order to derive an approximation formula of FFM that can be used for valid indexation of LV mass. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A total of 1,371 subjects from a community survey were examined by echocardiography to measure LV mass and by bioelectrical impedance analyses (BIA) for the determination of FFM. An approximation of FFM was generated in a healthy subgroup of 213 men and 291 women by non-linear regression techniques. RESULTS: Compared with body height, height2.0, height2.7, (the superscripts following weight and height are raised powers used as a more appropriate method for indexing LV mass) or body surface area, FFM measured by BIA in the healthy subgroups was best predicted by gender-specific equations of the form: FFM = 5.1 x height1.14 x weight0.41 for men and FFM = 5.34 x height1.47 x weight0.33 for women. In the healthy reference group, indexation of LV mass for BIA-determined FFM and approximated FFM (FFMa), respectively, equally eliminated gender differences in LV mass and markedly reduced the influence of body mass index without affecting the associations between blood pressure and LV mass. Validation of FFMa in two independent population-based samples, aged 52 to 67 years, of the same source population confirmed that LV mass indexed by FFMa produced results that were highly consistent with those obtained with indexation by BIA-determined FFM. CONCLUSIONS: We propose a novel approximation of FFM based on exponentials of body height and weight. It performed well in the indexation of LV mass in middle-aged men and women of this study. Evaluation of the equation in other populations should be awaited before its use is recommended in situations where direct determination of FFM is not possible. AU - Kuch, B.* AU - Gneiting, B. AU - Döring, A. AU - Muscholl, M.* AU - Bröckel, U.* AU - Schunkert, H.* AU - Hense, H.-W.* C1 - 10078 C2 - 19873 SP - 135-142 TI - Indexation of left ventricular mass in adults with a novel approximation for fat-free mass. JO - J. Hypertens. VL - 19 IS - 1 PB - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins PY - 2001 SN - 0263-6352 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Schunkert, H.* AU - Koenig, W.* AU - Broeckel, U.* AU - Muscholl, M.W.* AU - Döring, A. AU - Riegger, G.A.J.* AU - Hense, H.-W. C1 - 21628 C2 - 19775 SP - 1483-1489 TI - Haematocrit profoundly affects left ventricular diastolic filling as assessed by Doppler echocardiography. JO - J. Hypertens. VL - 18 PY - 2000 SN - 0263-6352 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Keil, U. AU - Chambless, L. AU - Filipiak, B. AU - Härtel, U. C1 - 19002 C2 - 12040 SP - 491-498 TI - Alcohol and Blood Pressure and its Interaction with Smoking and Other Behavioural Variables: Results from the MONICA Augsburg Survey 1984-85. JO - J. Hypertens. VL - 9 PY - 1991 SN - 0263-6352 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Weiland, S.K. AU - Keil, U. AU - Spelsberg, A. AU - Hense, H.W. AU - Härtel, U. AU - Gefeller, O. AU - Dieckmann, W. C1 - 18853 C2 - 11974 SP - 131-134 TI - Diagnosis and Management of Hypertension by Physicians in the Federal Republic of Germany. JO - J. Hypertens. VL - 9 PY - 1991 SN - 0263-6352 ER -