TY  - JOUR
AB  - BACKGROUND: Brain iron accumulation is a feature of Alzheimer disease (AD) but whether a chronic dietary iron overload contributes to AD induction is unknown. We previously showed that young mice fed a high iron diet did not display cognitive impairment despite the AD pathological markers in hippocampus. OBJECTIVES: We aim to compare the impact of high dietary iron on brain pathologic changes and cognitive function in young and old mice. METHODS: Male C57BL/6J mice at 1 mo and 13 mo of age were fed with either a control diet (66 mg Fe/kg; Young-Ctrl and Old-Ctrl) or a high iron diet (14 g Fe/kg; Young-High Fe and Old-High Fe) for 7 mo, and outcomes were evaluated at 8 mo and 20 mo of age. Iron concentrations in brain regions were measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Perls's Prussian blue staining and amyloid-β (Aβ) immunostaining were performed. Protein expression in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus was determined by immunoblotting. Superoxide dismutase activity and malondialdehyde concentration were examined. Cognitive functions were tested with the Morris water maze system. Two-factor ANOVA was used to analyze most data. RESULTS: Compared with Old-Ctrl mice, Old-High Fe mice showed significantly higher iron concentrations in cerebral cortex (60% higher), cerebellum (60% higher), and hippocampus (90% higher), paralleled by lower superoxide dismutase activity and greater malondialdehyde concentration in cerebral cortex and hippocampus and worse cognitive function. In contrast, these variables did not significantly differ between the 2 young groups. Nevertheless, ferritin, phospho-tau, and Aβ1-42 expression in hippocampus and ferritin and Aβ1-42 expression in cerebral cortex were induced by the high iron diet irrespective of the age of mice (40-200% greater). CONCLUSIONS: High dietary iron induced cognitive defects in old mice but not young mice, suggesting that elderly people should avoid consuming abnormally high concentrations of iron.
AU  - Chen, M.*
AU  - Xu, E.*
AU  - Zeng, C.*
AU  - Zhu, W.*
AU  - Zheng, J.
AU  - Chen, H.*
C1  - 62447
C2  - 50885
CY  - Great Clarendon St, Oxford Ox2 6dp, England
SP  - 2835-2842
TI  - High dietary iron has a greater Iipact on brain iron homeostasis and cognitive function in old compared with young C57BL/6J male mice.
JO  - J. Nutr.
VL  - 151
IS  - 9
PB  - Oxford Univ Press
PY  - 2021
SN  - 0022-3166
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - BACKGROUND: Associations between increased dietary fat and decreased carbohydrate intake with circulating HDL and non-HDL cholesterol have not been conclusively determined. OBJECTIVE: We assessed these relations in 8 European observational human studies participating in the European Nutritional Phenotype Assessment and Data Sharing Initiative (ENPADASI) using harmonized data. METHODS: Dietary macronutrient intake was recorded using study-specific dietary assessment tools. Main outcome measures were lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations: HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) and non-HDL cholesterol (mg/dL). A cross-sectional analysis on 5919 participants (54% female) aged 13-80 y was undertaken using the statistical platform DataSHIELD that allows remote/federated nondisclosive analysis of individual-level data. Generalized linear models (GLM) were fitted to assess associations between replacing 5% of energy from carbohydrates with equivalent energy from total fats, SFAs, MUFAs, or PUFAs with circulating HDL cholesterol and non-HDL cholesterol. GLM were adjusted for study source, age, sex, smoking status, alcohol intake and BMI. RESULTS: The replacement of 5% of energy from carbohydrates with total fats or MUFAs was statistically significantly associated with 0.67 mg/dL (95% CI: 0.40, 0.94) or 0.99 mg/dL (95% CI: 0.37, 1.60) higher HDL cholesterol, respectively, but not with non-HDL cholesterol concentrations. The replacement of 5% of energy from carbohydrates with SFAs or PUFAs was not associated with HDL cholesterol, but SFAs were statistically significantly associated with 1.94 mg/dL (95% CI: 0.08, 3.79) higher non-HDL cholesterol, and PUFAs with -3.91 mg/dL (95% CI: -6.98, -0.84) lower non-HDL cholesterol concentrations. A statistically significant interaction by sex for the association of replacing carbohydrates with MUFAs and non-HDL cholesterol was observed, showing a statistically significant inverse association in males and no statistically significant association in females. We observed no statistically significant interaction by age. CONCLUSIONS: The replacement of dietary carbohydrates with fats had favorable effects on lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations in European adolescents and adults when fats were consumed as MUFAs or PUFAs but not as SFAs.
AU  - Pinart, M.*
AU  - Jeran, S.*
AU  - Boeing, H.*
AU  - Stelmach-Mardas, M.*
AU  - Standl, M.
AU  - Schulz, H.
AU  - Harris, C.
AU  - von Berg, A.*
AU  - Herberth, G.*
AU  - Koletzko, S.*
AU  - Linseisen, J.
AU  - Breuninger, T.
AU  - Nöthlings, U.*
AU  - Barbaresko, J.*
AU  - Benda, S.*
AU  - Lachat, C.*
AU  - Yang, C.*
AU  - Gasparini, P.*
AU  - Robino, A.*
AU  - Rojo-Martínez, G.*
AU  - Castaño, L.*
AU  - Guillaume, M.*
AU  - Donneau, A.F.*
AU  - Hoge, A.*
AU  - Gillain, N.*
AU  - Avraam, D.*
AU  - Burton, P.R.*
AU  - Bouwman, J.*
AU  - Pischon, T.*
AU  - Nimptsch, K.*
C1  - 61775
C2  - 50448
CY  - Great Clarendon St, Oxford Ox2 6dp, England
SP  - 2317-2329
TI  - Dietary macronutrient composition in relation to circulating HDL and non-HDL cholesterol: A federated individual-level analysis of cross-sectional data from adolescents and adults in 8 European studies.
JO  - J. Nutr.
VL  - 151
IS  - 8
PB  - Oxford Univ Press
PY  - 2021
SN  - 0022-3166
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - Background: High-fat diets (HFDs) have been linked to low-grade inflammation and insulin resistance. Objective: The main purpose of the present study was to assess whether acute overfeeding with an HFD affects insulin sensitivity, gut barrier function, and fecal microbiota in humans. Methods: In a prospective intervention study, 24 healthy men [mean ± SD: age 23.0 ± 2.8 y, body mass index (in kg/m2) 23.0 ± 2.1] received an HFD (48% of energy from fat) with an additional 1000 kcal/d (as whipping cream) above their calculated energy expenditure for 7 d. Insulin sensitivity (hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp), gut permeability (sugar and polyethylene glycol absorption tests, plasma zonulin), and gut microbiota profiles (high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing) were assessed before and after overfeeding, and 14 d after intervention. Additionally, inflammation markers such as high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, lipopolysaccharide-binding protein, leptin, high-molecular-weight adiponectin, calprotectin, regulated on activation normal, T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 were measured in plasma by ELISA. Finally, lipid parameters were analyzed in serum by a laboratory service. Results: Although participants gained 0.9 ± 0.6 kg (P < 0.001) body weight, overnutrition was not associated with a significant change in insulin sensitivity (M value and glucose disposal). Overfeeding for 7 d resulted in elevated serum total (10.2%), LDL (14.6%) and HDL (14.8%) cholesterol concentrations (P < 0.01). In contrast, fasting plasma triglyceride significantly declined (29.3%) during overfeeding (P < 0.001). In addition, there were no significant changes in inflammatory markers. Urine excretion of 4 sugars and polyethylene glycol, used as a proxy for gut permeability, and plasma concentration of zonulin, a marker of paracellular gut permeability, were unchanged. Moreover, overfeeding was not associated with consistent changes in gut microbiota profiles, but marked alterations were observed in a subgroup of 6 individuals. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that short-term overfeeding with an HFD does not significantly impair insulin sensitivity and gut permeability in normal-weight healthy men, and that changes in dominant communities of fecal bacteria occur only in certain individuals.
AU  - Ott, B.*
AU  - Skurk, T.*
AU  - Lagkouvardos, L.*
AU  - Fischer, S.*
AU  - Buettner, J.*
AU  - Lichtenegger, M.*
AU  - Clavel, T.*
AU  - Lechner, A.
AU  - Rychlik, M.*
AU  - Haller, D.*
AU  - Hauner, H.*
C1  - 53204
C2  - 44387
CY  - Bethesda
SP  - 77-85
TI  - Short-term overfeeding with dairy cream does not modify gut permeability, the fecal microbiota, or glucose metabolism in young healthy men.
JO  - J. Nutr.
VL  - 148
IS  - 1
PB  - Amer Soc Nutrition-asn
PY  - 2018
SN  - 0022-3166
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - Background: Joint data analysis from multiple nutrition studies may improve the ability to answer complex questions regarding the role of nutritional status and diet in health and disease. Objective: The objective was to identify nutritional observational studies from partners participating in the European Nutritional Phenotype Assessment and Data Sharing Initiative (ENPADASI) Consortium, as well asminimal requirements for joint data analysis. Methods: A predefined template containing information on study design, exposure measurements (dietary intake, alcohol and tobacco consumption, physical activity, sedentary behavior, anthropometric measures, and sociodemographic and health status), main health-related outcomes, and laboratory measurements (traditional and omics biomarkers) was developed and circulated to those European research groups participating in the ENPADASI under the strategic research area of "diet-related chronic diseases." Information about raw data disposition and metadata sharing was requested. A set of minimal requirements was abstracted from the gathered information.Results: Studies (12 cohort, 12 cross-sectional, and 2 case-control) were identified. Two studies recruited children only and the rest recruited adults. All studies included dietary intake data. Twenty studies collected blood samples. Data on traditional biomarkers were available for 20 studies, of which 17 measured lipoproteins, glucose, and insulin and 13 measured inflammatory biomarkers. Metabolomics, proteomics, and genomics or transcriptomics data were available in 5, 3, and 12 studies, respectively. Although the study authors were willing to share metadata, most refused, were hesitant, or had legal or ethical issues related to sharing raw data. Forty-one descriptors of minimal requirements for the study data were identified to facilitate data integration. Conclusions: Combining study data sets will enable sufficiently powered, refined investigations to increase the knowledge and understanding of the relation between food, nutrition, and human health. Furthermore, the minimal requirements for study data may encourage more efficient secondary usage of existing data and provide sufficient information for researchers to draft future multicenter research proposals in nutrition.
AU  - Pinart, M.*
AU  - Nimptsch, K.*
AU  - Bouwman, J.*
AU  - Dragsted, L.O.*
AU  - Yang, C.*
AU  - De Cock, N.*
AU  - Lachat, C.*
AU  - Perozzi, G.*
AU  - Canali, R.*
AU  - Lombardo, R.*
AU  - D'Archivio, M.*
AU  - Guillaume, M.*
AU  - Donneau, A.F.*
AU  - Jeran, S.*
AU  - Linseisen, J.
AU  - Kleiser, C.
AU  - Nöthlings, U.*
AU  - Barbaresko, J.*
AU  - Boeing, H.*
AU  - Stelmach-Mardas, M.*
AU  - Heuer, T.*
AU  - Laird, E.*
AU  - Walton, J.*
AU  - Gasparini, P.*
AU  - Robino, A.*
AU  - Castaño, L.*
AU  - Rojo-Martínez, G.*
AU  - Merino, J.*
AU  - Masana, L.*
AU  - Standl, M.
AU  - Schulz, H.
AU  - Biagi, E.*
AU  - Nurk, E.*
AU  - Matthys, C.*
AU  - Gobbetti, M.*
AU  - de Angelis, M.*
AU  - Windler, E.*
AU  - Zyriax, B.C.*
AU  - Tafforeau, J.*
AU  - Pischon, T.*
C1  - 53074
C2  - 44401
CY  - Bethesda
SP  - 285-297
TI  - Joint data analysis in nutritional epidemiology: Identification of observational studies and minimal requirements.
JO  - J. Nutr.
VL  - 148
IS  - 2
PB  - Amer Soc Nutrition-asn
PY  - 2018
SN  - 0022-3166
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - BACKGROUND: High consumption of red and processed meats has been linked to higher chronic disease risk. It has been hypothesized that inflammation markers may mediate part of this association. Most previous studies on the association of red meat intake with circulating inflammation markers used C-reactive protein (CRP) but rarely other markers, and not all differentiated between processed meat and unprocessed red meat. OBJECTIVE: We investigated the cross-sectional association of processed meat and unprocessed red meat consumption with plasma concentrations of CRP, interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, soluble TNF receptor (sTNF-R) 1, and sTNF-R2 in German adults. METHODS: Inflammation markers were quantified in the plasma of 553 adults (233 men and 320 women) aged 18-80 y within the cross-sectional Bavarian Food Consumption Survey II. Dietary intake was estimated from three 24-h dietary recalls. The association between red meat consumption and inflammation markers was analyzed with the use of multivariable-adjusted linear regression. RESULTS: Processed meat consumption was borderline significantly associated with higher IL-6 [relative difference per 50-g increment: 5% (95% CI: -1%, 10%)] but not with CRP (2%; 95% CI: -6%, 10%), and it was inversely associated with total TNF-α (-3%; 95% CI: -6%, -1%), sTNF-R1 (-3%; 95% CI: -4%, -1%), and sTNF-R2 (-2%; 95% CI: -4%, 0%) concentrations. Unprocessed red meat consumption was not associated with CRP (-5%; 95% CI: -15%, 5%) or IL-6 (-1%; 95% CI: -9%, 7%) but was inversely associated with sTNF-R1 (-3%; 95% CI: -5%, -1%) and sTNF-R2 (-4%; 95% CI: -7%, -2%). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest an inverse association between both processed meat and unprocessed red meat with inflammation markers of the TNF pathway in Bavarian adults but no association with CRP. Further research on the role of TNF pathway markers in chronic inflammation is warranted.
AU  - Schwedhelm, C.*
AU  - Pischon, T.*
AU  - Rohrmann, S.*
AU  - Himmerich, H.*
AU  - Linseisen, J.
AU  - Nimptsch, K.*
C1  - 49859
C2  - 40995
CY  - Bethesda
SP  - 78-85
TI  - Plasma inflammation markers of the TNF pathway but not C-reactive protein are associated with processed meat and unprocessed red meat consumption in Bavarian adults.
JO  - J. Nutr.
VL  - 147
IS  - 1
PB  - Amer Soc Nutrition-asn
PY  - 2017
SN  - 0022-3166
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - BACKGROUND: Trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) is a metabolite of carnitine, choline, and phosphatidylcholine, which is inversely associated with survival of cardiovascular disease (CVD) patients. OBJECTIVE: We examined the associations of diet with plasma concentrations of TMAO, choline, and betaine and the associations of TMAO with plasma concentrations of various cytokines. METHODS: Plasma TMAO, choline, and betaine concentrations were measured using LC-high resolution mass spectrometry in 271 participants, ≥18 y old, of the Second Bavarian Food Consumption Survey, conducted in 2002 and 2003. Food consumption was assessed using at least two 24-h dietary recalls. Cytokines were measured in plasma with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Geometric mean concentrations of TMAO, choline, and betaine by categories of meat, dairy food, egg, and fish consumption were computed, adjusted for sex, age, and BMI. Multivariable-adjusted geometric mean concentrations of cytokines [tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), soluble TNF receptors (sTNF-R) p55, sTNF-R p75, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and C-reactive protein (CRP)] were computed by quartiles of TMAO concentration using general linear models. RESULTS: Meat, egg, or fish consumption was not associated with TMAO, choline, or betaine concentrations (all P-trend ≥ 0.05). With increases in milk and other dairy food consumption, the plasma TMAO concentration increased [geometric mean bottom quartile of milk consumption: 2.08 μM (95% CI: 1.69, 2.57 μM); compared with top quartile: 3.13 μM (95% CI: 2.56, 3.84 μM); P-trend = 0.008]. Participants in the top TMAO quartile had higher plasma concentrations of TNF-α, sTNF-R p55, and sTNF-R p75 than participants in the bottom quartile (percentage difference ranging between 14.4% and 17.3%; all P-trend < 0.05), but there were no differences in plasma concentrations of CRP and IL-6 (all P-trend ≥ 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Results of this study conducted among healthy adults from the general population do not indicate a strong effect of diet on plasma concentrations of TMAO, choline, or betaine, with the exception of a positive association between dairy food consumption and plasma TMAO concentrations. Also, plasma TMAO concentrations were positively associated with inflammation. Whether habitual diet is strongly linked to the plasma TMAO concentration, a potential marker of CVD risk, needs to be determined in further studies.
AU  - Rohrmann, S.*
AU  - Linseisen, J.
AU  - Allenspach, M.*
AU  - von Eckardstein, A.*
AU  - Müller, D.*
C1  - 47559
C2  - 40675
CY  - Bethesda
SP  - 283-289
TI  - Plasma concentrations of trimethylamine-N-oxide are directly associated with dairy food consumption and low-grade inflammation in a German adult population.
JO  - J. Nutr.
VL  - 146
IS  - 2
PB  - Amer Soc Nutrition-asn
PY  - 2016
SN  - 0022-3166
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - Several studies have shown a positive association between maternal fish intake in pregnancy and pregnancy duration and child birth weight (BW), probably due to fish n-3 (ω-3) long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs). n-3 LC-PUFAs can also be synthesized endogenously, and their synthesis depends on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the fatty acid desaturase (FADS) gene encoding for FADS. We assessed the associations of maternal docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) intake in pregnancy with pregnancy duration and BW and investigated whether these associations are modified by maternal or fetal FADS SNP genotypes. We hypothesized that we would find stronger associations in minor allele homozygous mothers or fetuses due to their lower n-3 LC-PUFA endogenous synthesis and hence higher dependence on dietary supply. Data on maternal diet, pregnancy duration, and BW were available for 2622 mother-child pairs from the KOALA (Kind, Ouders en gezondheid: Aandacht voor Leefstijl en Aanleg) Birth Cohort Study. The rs174556 FADS SNP was genotyped in 1516 mothers and 1515 children. Associations and gene-diet interactions were tested with linear regression adjusting for potential confounders, including intake of other PUFAs. Women at the 75th percentile of DHA intake had 0.7-d longer pregnancies (P = 0.016) and 28-g heavier infants (P = 0.039) than did women at the 25th percentile of intake. Associations with arachidonic acid intake were of the same order but in the opposite direction. Mothers who were homozygous for the minor allele had 2-d shorter pregnancies (P = 0.035) and infants who were nearly 140 g lighter (P = 0.006) than did mothers who were major allele homozygotes. Post hoc analyses revealed that they had higher prepregnancy BMI (P = 0.020). Among the women homozygous for the minor allele, those at the 75th percentile of DHA intake had 226-g heavier infants than those at the 25th percentile of intake (P = 0.030), whereas DHA intake was not significantly associated with BW in major allele carriers. These findings suggest that maternal and fetal fatty acid requirements during pregnancy depend on maternal genetic variation in LC-PUFA synthesis.
AU  - Moltó-Puigmartí, C.*
AU  - van Dongen, M.C.*
AU  - Dagnelie, P.C.*
AU  - Plat, J.*
AU  - Mensink, R.P.*
AU  - Tan, F.E.*
AU  - Heinrich, J.
AU  - Thijs, C.*
C1  - 31730
C2  - 34736
CY  - Bethesda
SP  - 1430-1437 
TI  - Maternal but not fetal FADS gene variants modify the association between maternal long-chain PUFA intake in pregnancy and birth weight.
JO  - J. Nutr.
VL  - 144
IS  - 9
PB  - Amer Soc Nutrition-asn
PY  - 2014
SN  - 0022-3166
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - Monoassociations of germ-free animals with colitogenic and probiotic bacterial strains trigger intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) activation and host-derived feedback mechanisms. To characterize the impact of a single nonpathogenic bacterial strain on the intestinal epithelium in the presence of an established microbiota, we inoculated reconstituted Lacotobacillus-free (RLF) mice at 8 wk of age with Lactobacillus reuteri 100-23. Primary IEC from the small intestine of L. reuteri-inoculated and control RLF mice were isolated 2, 6, and 21 d after inoculation followed by gene expression analysis (real-time PCR; Affymetrix microarrays) as well as 2-dimensional-gel electrophoreses (2D SDS-PAGE) and peptide mass fingerprinting via matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight MS. At d 6, gene expression of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines including interleukin (IL)-1alpha, IL-6, interferon-gamma-inducible protein 10, and macrophage inflammatory protein 2 was transiently induced, whereas gene expression levels of regulatory proteins A20 and Toll-interacting protein decreased. In addition, 8 target proteins with changes in the steady-state protein expression levels were identified at d 2 and 6 of L. reuteri colonization. Consistent with the absence of histopathology, L. reuteri-induced activation of primary IEC returned to control levels by d 21 after inoculation of RLF mice. The capability of L. reuteri 100-23 to directly trigger epithelial cell activation was confirmed in small IEC cultures using the murine cell line Mode-K. These results clearly indicate that the intestinal epithelium is reactive toward environmental changes induced by the commensal bacterial strain L. reuteri even in the presence of an already-established microbiota. The induction of transient IEC activation may help to maintain mucosal homeostasis.
AU  - Hoffmann, M.*
AU  - Rath, E.*
AU  - Hoelzlwimmer, G.
AU  - Quintanilla-Martinez, L.
AU  - Loach, D.*
AU  - Tannock, G.*
AU  - Haller, D.*
C1  - 138
C2  - 25758
SP  - 1684-1691
TI  - Lactobacillus reuteri 100-23 transiently activates intestinal epithelial cells of mice that have a complex microbiota during early stages of colonization.
JO  - J. Nutr.
VL  - 138
IS  - 9
PB  - American Society for Nutrition
PY  - 2008
SN  - 0022-3166
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - Flavonoids may play an important role for adjunct nutritional therapy of chronic intestinal inflammation. In this study, we characterized the molecular mechanisms by which quercetin and its enteric bacterial metabolites, taxifolin, alphitonin, and 3, 4-dihydroxy-phenylacetic acid, inhibit tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF)-induced proinflammatory gene expression in the murine small intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) line Mode-K as well as in heterozygous TNFDeltaARE/WT mice, a murine model of experimental ileitis. Quercetin inhibited TNF-induced interferon-gamma-inducible protein 10 (IP-10) and macrophage inflammatory protein 2 (MIP-2) gene expression in Mode-K cells with effective inhibitory concentration of 40 and 44 micromol/L, respectively. Interestingly, taxifolin, alphitonin, and 3,4-dihydroxy-phenylacetic acid did not inhibit TNF responses in IEC, suggesting that microbial transformation of quercetin completely abolished its anti-inflammatory effect. At the molecular level, quercetin inhibited Akt phosphorylation but did not inhibit TNF-induced RelA/I-kappaB phosphorylation and IkappaB degradation or TNF-alpha-induced nuclear factor-kappaB transcriptional activity. Most important for understanding the mechanism involved, chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis revealed inhibitory effects of quercetin on phospho-RelA recruitment to the IP-10 and MIP-2 gene promoters. In addition, and consistent with the lack of cAMP response element binding protein (CBP)/p300 recruitment and phosphorylation/acetylation of histone 3 at the promoter binding site, quercetin inhibited histone acetyl transferase activity. The oral application of quercetin to heterozygous TNFDeltaARE/WT mice [10 mg/(d x kg body wt)] significantly inhibited IP-10 and MIP-2 gene expression in primary ileal epithelial cells but did not affect tissue pathology. These studies support an anti-inflammatory effect of quercetin in epithelial cells through mechanisms that inhibit cofactor recruitment at the chromatin of proinflammatory genes.
AU  - Ruiz, P.A.*
AU  - Braune, A.
AU  - Hölzlwimmer, G.*
AU  - Quintanilla-Fend, L.
AU  - Haller, D.*
C1  - 3874
C2  - 24638
SP  - 1208-1215
TI  - Quercetin inhibits TNF-induced NF-kappaB transcription factor recruitment to proinflammatory gene promoters in murine intestinal epithelial cells.
JO  - J. Nutr.
VL  - 137
PB  - Amer. Soc. Nutritional Science
PY  - 2007
SN  - 0022-3166
ER  -