TY  - JOUR
AB  - Currently, core biopsies are routinely used for diagnosis of breast cancer and they are often the only sample for providing prognostic and predictive markers before treatment. However, biopsies may not accurately reflect protein expression profiles from the whole tumor. In the last few years, reverse phase protein arrays (RPPA) have become a very promising tool for biomarker profiling allowing quick, precise, and simultaneous analysis of many components of a protein network. After extraction of full-length proteins from formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues, we compared human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), estrogen receptor (ERα), and progesterone receptor (PGR) expression levels in a series of 35 FFPE breast cancer surgical specimens and their corresponding core biopsies using RPPA. We found a high concordance between protein expression in core biopsies and surgical specimens with concordance and κ-values of 91.4% and κ=0.677 for HER2; 80% and κ=0.587 for ERα; and 82.8% and κ=0.656 for PGR. In this study, we could show that HER2, ERα, and PGR expression can be assessed reliably on core biopsies of FFPE breast cancer tissues using RRPA. These results might facilitate the implementation of RPPA technology in routine clinical settings.
AU  - Berg, D.*
AU  - Langer, R.*
AU  - Tran, K.*
AU  - Walch, A.K.
AU  - Schuster, T.*
AU  - Bronger, H.*
AU  - Becker, K.F.*
C1  - 6467
C2  - 28745
SP  - 300-305
TI  - Protein microarray-based comparison of HER2, estrogen receptor, and progesterone receptor status in core biopsies and surgical specimens from FFPE breast cancer tissues.
JO  - Appl. Immunohistochem.
VL  - 19
IS  - 4
PB  - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
PY  - 2011
SN  - 1062-3345
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - Somatic hypermutation of immunoglobulin genes and class switch recombination are pivotal processes in the germinal center (GC) reaction and have been implicated in the development of malignant B-cell lymphoma. Both processes require the enzyme activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID). Expression of AID is largely restricted to GC B cells and B cells that undergo class switch recombination outside the GC. AID is also expressed in many B-cell lymphomas. This study investigates the expression of AID of malignant lymphomas infiltrating the bone marrow. Bone marrow trephines (n=130) with infiltration of Hodgkin lymphoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma of B cell and T-cell type and trephines with reactive lymphoid follicles (n=16) were analyzed immunohistochemically for AID protein. AID is expressed in bone marrow infiltrates of malignant lymphomas. AID was generally detected in lymphomas of GC origin. Tumor cells of hairy cell leukemia are mostly AID. There is apparently no different expression of AID found in bone marrow infiltrates of malignant lymphomas compared with a control group with nodal malignant lymphoma infiltrates (n=105). These results suggest that the expression pattern of AID in lymphoma infiltrates in the bone marrow reflects that of extramedullary lymphoma infiltrates.
AU  - Engels, K.*
AU  - Jungnickel, B.
AU  - Tobollik, S.
AU  - Hansmann, M.L.*
AU  - Kriener, S.*
AU  - Willenbrock, K.*
C1  - 2726
C2  - 25746
SP  - 521-529
TI  - Expression of activation-induced cytidine deaminase in malignant lymphomas infiltrating the bone marrow.
JO  - Appl. Immunohistochem.
VL  - 16
IS  - 6
PB  - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
PY  - 2008
SN  - 1062-3345
ER  -