TY - JOUR AB - Evolved gas analysis (EGA) is a powerful and complementary tool for Thermal Analysis. In this context, two time-of-flight mass spectrometers with different soft photo-ionization techniques are simultaneously hyphenated to a thermo balance and applied in form of a newly developed prototype for EGA of pyrolysis gases from biomass and biochar. Resonance enhanced multi-photon ionization (REMPI) is applied for selective analysis of aromatic species. Furthermore, single photon ionization (SPI) using VUV light supplied by an electron-beam pumped excimer light source (EBEL) was used to comprehensively ionize (nearly) all organic molecules. The soft ionization capability of photo-ionization techniques allows direct and on-line analysis of the evolved pyrolysis gases. Characteristic mass spectra with specific patterns could be obtained for the miscellaneous biomass feeds used. Temperature profiles of the biochars reveal a desorption step, followed by pyrolysis as observed for the biomasses. Furthermore, the potential for kinetic studies is apparent for this instrumental setup. AU - Fendt, A. AU - Geissler, R. AU - Streibel, T. AU - Sklorz, M. AU - Zimmermann, R. C1 - 22657 C2 - 30937 SP - 155-163 TI - Hyphenation of two simultaneously employed soft photo ionization mass spectrometers with thermal analysis of biomass and biochar. JO - Thermochim. Acta VL - 551 PB - Elsevier Science PY - 2013 SN - 0040-6031 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Rudnik, E.* AU - Matuschek, G. AU - Milanov, N. AU - Kettrup, A. C1 - 4551 C2 - 22592 SP - 163-166 TI - Thermal properties of starch succinates. JO - Thermochim. Acta VL - 427 PY - 2005 SN - 0040-6031 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Herrera, M. AU - Matuschek, G. AU - Kettrup, A. C1 - 21461 C2 - 19578 SP - 69-76 TI - Comparative studies of polymers using TA-MS, macro TA-MS and TA-FTIR. JO - Thermochim. Acta VL - 361 PY - 2000 SN - 0040-6031 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Matuschek, K. AU - Milanov, N. AU - Kettrup, A. C1 - 21462 C2 - 19579 SP - 77-84 TI - Thermoanalytical investigations for thhhhe recycling of PVC. JO - Thermochim. Acta VL - 361 PY - 2000 SN - 0040-6031 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Matuschek, G. AU - Ohrbach, K.-H. AU - Kettrup, A. C1 - 19005 C2 - 12043 SP - 111-123 TI - Thermal Analysis on Commercial Herbicides. JO - Thermochim. Acta VL - 190 PY - 1991 SN - 0040-6031 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Five different plant-protecting agents (herbicides) were investigated by means of simultaneous thermal analysis/mass spectrometry. The TA/MS experiments were carried out in air or argon atmosphere and the thermal analysis data are reported. The decomposition products released were identified by evaluation of the mass spectral data that were recorded simultaneously. The mass spectra obtained and the degradation pathways are discussed and compared with literature data. AU - Matuschek, G.M. AU - Ohrbach, K.H.* AU - Kettrup, A. C1 - 33920 C2 - 40224 SP - 111-123 TI - Thermal analysis of commercial herbicides. JO - Thermochim. Acta VL - 190 IS - 2 PY - 1991 SN - 0040-6031 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The results of investigations on the thermal behaviour of three selected noble metal complexes, performed by means of simultaneous thermal analysis/mass spectrometry are discussed. The thermal analysis data, such as the initial temperatures for the beginning of the weight loss, the amounts of the weight loss, as well as the characteristic DTG and DTA temperatures, are tabulated and the simultaneously recorded electron impact mass spectra are interpreted. The temperature-dependent formation and cleavage of typical complex-structure-related substituents is described and established by the evaluation of the course of the corresponding ion-current intensities. AU - Matuschek, G.M. AU - Ohrbach, K.H.* AU - Kettrup, A. C1 - 40831 C2 - 13123 SP - 125-130 TI - Simultaneous thermal analysis/mass spectrometric investigations on the thermal behaviour of noble metal complexes. JO - Thermochim. Acta VL - 190 IS - 2 PY - 1991 SN - 0040-6031 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kettrup, A. AU - Ohrbach, K.-H. AU - Matuschek, G. AU - Joachim, A. C1 - 18591 C2 - 11725 SP - 41-52 TI - Thermal Analysis-mass Spectrometry and Thermogravimetric Adsorption on Fire Retardants. JO - Thermochim. Acta VL - 166 PY - 1990 SN - 0040-6031 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Simultaneous thermal analysis mass spectrometry and an off-line combustion technique were applied to different fire retardants. The samples were commercial products (phosphorus ester compounds containing chlorine substituents). A thermogravimetric adsorption device was developed to adsorb the degradation products of the samples depending on the temperature. Identification of the adsorbed compounds was carried out using gas chromatography- mass spectrometry. AU - Kettrup, A. AU - Ohrbach, K.H.* AU - Matuschek, G.M. AU - Joachim, A.* C1 - 41176 C2 - 36475 SP - 41-52 TI - Thermal analysis-mass spectrometry and thermogravimetric adsorption on fire retardants. JO - Thermochim. Acta VL - 166 PY - 1990 SN - 0040-6031 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Ohrbach, K.-H. AU - Matuschek, G. AU - Kettrup, A. AU - Joachim, A. C1 - 18592 C2 - 11726 SP - 277-289 TI - Simultaneous Thermal Analysis-mass Spectrometry on Lubricant Systems and Additives. JO - Thermochim. Acta VL - 166 PY - 1990 SN - 0040-6031 ER - TY - JOUR AB - In order to determine characteristic thermal analysis data of lubricant systems and additives, simultaneous thermal analysis-mass spectrometry was applied in air and argon atmospheres. In addition, investigations by means of differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetry were carried out in air and nitrogen flows. The thermobalance was coupled with a sampling device for the collection of the released volatiles and further gas Chromatographic analysis. AU - Ohrbach, K.H.* AU - Matuschek, G.M. AU - Kettrup, A. AU - Joachim, A.* C1 - 42634 C2 - 40216 SP - 277-289 TI - Simultaneous thermal analysis-mass spectrometry on lubricant systems and additives. JO - Thermochim. Acta VL - 166 IS - C PY - 1990 SN - 0040-6031 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Microcalorimetry and polarography were chosen for the investigation of dissolved and immobilized enzymes. Glucose oxidase and catalase were used bound to polyacrylamide or were immobilized by attaching them to nylon fibers which had been treated with triethyloxonium-tetrafluoroborate, diaminohexane and glutaraldehyde according to MORRIS, CAMPELL and HORNBY (1975). The latter method assured that the enzymes are located in a side chain to the polyamide structure. If, and to what degree, this immobilization could have changed the properties of the enzymes was tested by determining the MICHAELIS constant of dissolved and immobilized enzyme. Polarography, in the case of the dissolved enzymes, microcalorimetry and polarography in the case of the immobilized enzymes, led to the same Km-value. Replacement of air by oxygen increased the final heat output rate, but had no influence on the Km-value. Irradiation of the immobilized enzyme decreased the heat output rate, the Km-value remained unchanged. These results prove that once a glucose oxidase molecule is damaged it looses all activity rather than remaining partially active. AU - Schachinger, L. AU - Altmann, E. AU - Diepold, B. AU - Klöter, H. C1 - 40859 C2 - 38513 SP - 169-177 TI - Determination of thermodynamic data by microcalorimetry: the michaelis constant of glucose oxidase immobilized on various carriers. JO - Thermochim. Acta VL - 94 IS - 1 PY - 1985 SN - 0040-6031 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The usual calibration with the built-in calibration heater is compared with an electrical simulation of a calorimetric experiment. The detector sensitivity was about 11% smaller in the latter. AU - Schachinger, L. AU - Hochhäuser, E. AU - Ohiaeri, J. C1 - 42693 C2 - 38308 SP - 269-271 TI - Calibration studies with the LKB-sorption calorimeter, flow type. JO - Thermochim. Acta VL - 69 IS - 1-2 PY - 1983 SN - 0040-6031 ER -