TY - JOUR AB - Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease affecting the brain and spinal cord motor neurons. On 25 April 2023, the drug tofersen, an antisense oligonucleotide, received the US Food and Drug Administration approval for treating ALS in adults carrying mutations of the SOD1 gene. We aimed at assessing whether cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of selenium, an element of both toxicological and nutritional interest possibly involved in disease etiology and progression, are modified by tofersen administration. We determined concentrations of selenium species by anion exchange chromatography hyphenated to inductively coupled plasma-dynamic reaction cell-mass spectrometry and overall selenium by using inductively coupled plasma sector-field mass spectrometry, at baseline and 6 months after active tofersen treatment in ten Italian ALS patients carrying the SOD1 gene mutation. Concentrations of total selenium and many selenium species substantially increased after the intervention, particularly of inorganic (tetravalent and hexavalent) selenium and of the organic species selenomethionine and a compound co-eluting with the selenocystine standard. Overall, these findings suggest that tofersen treatment markedly alters selenium status and probably the redox status within the central nervous system, possibly due to a direct effect on neurons and/or the blood-brain barrier. Further studies are required to investigate the biological and clinical relevance of these findings and how they might relate to the pharmacological effects of the drug and to disease progression. AU - Vinceti, M.* AU - Urbano, T.* AU - Filippini, T.* AU - Bedin, R.* AU - Simonini, C.* AU - Sorarù, G.* AU - Trojsi, F.* AU - Michalke, B. AU - Mandrioli, J.* C1 - 71189 C2 - 55928 CY - Campus, 4 Crinan St, London, N1 9xw, England TI - Changes in cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of selenium species induced by tofersen administration in subjects with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Carrying SOD1 gene mutations. JO - Biol. Trace Elem. Res. PB - Springernature PY - 2024 SN - 0163-4984 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The objective of the present study was assessment of the major copper and zinc species in dairy cow blood serum using a hybrid high-performance liquid chromatography-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (HPLC-ICP-MS) technique. A total of seventeen 5–6-year-old female Simmental cows, cultivated in the Southern Ural region, were examined. Speciation of serum Cu and Zn was performed using chromatographic PerkinElmer Series 200 system equipped with Agilent Bio SEC-5 Column and docked with NexION 300D mass spectrometer. Analysis of serum Cu species revealed four major fractions containing 2.5% (A), 15.6% (B), 75.6% (C), and 11.9% (D) of total copper levels. The revealed fractions could be assigned to tetrameric and dimeric macroglobulin, ceruloplasmin, albumin, and low molecular mass (LMM) copper compounds, respectively. Minor fraction (E) containing <1% of total serum Cu levels may be represented by low-molecular mass Cu species. Speciation analysis also revealed four Zn fractions containing 6.3% (A), 16.9% (B), 71% (C), and 3% (D) of total Zn levels that may be attributed to zinc-bound tetrameric and dimeric macroglobulin, albumin, and Zn-amino acid compounds. Correlation analysis demonstrated that relative levels (%) of Zn-B (dimeric α2-macroglobulin), Zn-C (albumin), and Zn-D (LMM) fractions correlate inversely with Cu-A (monomeric α2-macroglobulin) (r = −0.600), Cu-D (albumin) (r = −0.696), and Cu-C (ceruloplasmin) (r = −0.652), respectively. The obtained data demonstrate the particular features of Zn and Cu transport in dairy cows that may be used for assessment of dietary status of trace elements. 63 AU - Miroshnikov, S.A.* AU - Notova, S.V.* AU - Skalnaya, M.G.* AU - Sizova, E.A.* AU - Marshinskaia, O.V.* AU - Kazakova, T.V.* AU - Skalny, A.V.* AU - Michalke, B. AU - Ajsuvakova, O.P.* AU - Tinkov, A.A.* C1 - 61647 C2 - 50367 CY - 999 Riverview Drive Suite 208, Totowa, Nj 07512 Usa SP - 591-599 TI - Speciation of serum copper and zinc-binding high- and low-molecular mass ligands in dairy cows using HPLC-ICP-MS technique. JO - Biol. Trace Elem. Res. VL - 200 IS - 2 PB - Humana Press Inc PY - 2022 SN - 0163-4984 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The increase in the usage of silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) in the industrial and medical fields has raised concerns about their possible adverse effects on human health. The present study aimed to investigate the potential adverse effects of SiNPs at daily doses of 25 and 100 mg/kg body weight intraperitoneally (i.p.) for 28 consecutive days on markers of liver damage in adult male rats. Results revealed that SiNPs induced a marked increase in serum markers of liver damage, including lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alanine aminotransferase (ALAT), and aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT). SiNPs also induced an elevation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in liver, along with an increase in oxidative stress markers (NO, MDA, PCO, and H2O2), and a decrease in antioxidant enzyme activities (CAT, SOD, and GPx). Quantitative real-time PCR showed that SiNPs also induced upregulation of pro-apoptotic gene expression (including Bax, p53, Caspase-9/3) and downregulation of anti-apoptotic factors Bcl-2. Moreover, histopathological analysis revealed that SiNPs induced hepatocyte alterations, which was accompanied by sinusoidal dilatation, Kupffer cell hyperplasia, and the presence of inflammatory cells in the liver. Taken together, these data showed that SiNPs trigger hepatic damage through ROS-activated caspase signaling pathway, which plays a fundamental role in SiNP-induced apoptosis in the liver. AU - Aouey, B.* AU - Boukholda, K.* AU - Gargouri, B.* AU - Bhatia, H.S. AU - Attaai, A.* AU - Kebieche, M.* AU - Bouchard, M.* AU - Fetoui, H.* C1 - 62254 C2 - 50748 CY - 999 Riverview Drive Suite 208, Totowa, Nj 07512 Usa SP - 1688-1698 TI - Silica nanoparticles induce hepatotoxicity by triggering oxidative damage, apoptosis, and bax-Bcl2 signaling pathway. JO - Biol. Trace Elem. Res. VL - 200 IS - 4 PB - Humana Press Inc PY - 2021 SN - 0163-4984 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Selenium exerts many, if not most, of its physiological functions as a selenocysteine moiety in proteins. Selenoproteins are involved in many biochemical processes including regulation of cellular redox state, calcium homeostasis, protein biosynthesis, and degradation. A neurodevelopmental syndrome called progressive cerebello-cortical atrophy (PCCA) is caused by mutations in the selenocysteine synthase gene, SEPSECS, demonstrating that selenoproteins are essential for human brain development. While we have shown that selenoproteins are required for correct hippocampal and cortical interneuron development, little is known about the functions of selenoproteins in the cerebellum. Therefore, we have abrogated neuronal selenoprotein biosynthesis by conditional deletion of the gene encoding selenocysteyl tRNA([Ser]Sec) (gene symbol Trsp). Enzymatic activity of cellular glutathione peroxidase and cytosolic thioredoxin reductase is reduced in cerebellar extracts from Trsp-mutant mice. These mice grow slowly and fail to gain postural control or to coordinate their movements. Histological analysis reveals marked cerebellar hypoplasia, associated with Purkinje cell death and decreased granule cell proliferation. Purkinje cell death occurs along parasagittal stripes as observed in other models of Purkinje cell loss. Neuron-specific inactivation of glutathione peroxidase 4 (Gpx4) used the same Cre driver phenocopies tRNA([Ser]Sec) mutants in several aspects: cerebellar hypoplasia, stripe-like Purkinje cell loss, and reduced granule cell proliferation. Parvalbumin-expressing GABAergic interneurons (stellate and/or basket cells) are virtually absent in tRNA([Ser]Sec)-mutant mice, while some remained in Gpx4-mutant mice. Our data show that selenoproteins are specifically required in postmitotic neurons of the developing cerebellum, thus providing a rational explanation for cerebellar hypoplasia as occurring in PCCA patients. AU - Wirth, E.K.* AU - Bharathi, B.S.* AU - Hatfield, D.L.* AU - Conrad, M. AU - Brielmeier, M. AU - Schweizer, U.* C1 - 31295 C2 - 34320 CY - Totowa SP - 203-210 TI - Cerebellar hypoplasia in mice lacking selenoprotein biosynthesis in neurons. JO - Biol. Trace Elem. Res. VL - 158 IS - 2 PB - Humana Press Inc PY - 2014 SN - 0163-4984 ER - TY - JOUR AB - This study was performed to investigate trace elements and arsenic contents among Sudanese inhabitants living in the north, east, and west of Sudan. Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry was used to determine the contents of Zn and Cu. Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry was used to determine Se in serum samples. It was found that Se and Cu are in the normal range. Zinc showed discrepancies among all studied groups. Acute Zn deficiency was detected in the northern and eastern regions of Sudan. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy was operated in the dynamic reaction cell mode to determine the arsenic content in the nail samples of the northern inhabitants of Sudan. High values of arsenic were found in the northern people compared with the control group. This elevation could be linked to the misuse of insecticides and herbicides which might be associated with the high rate of cancer incidence in this region. AU - Ebrahim, A.M.* AU - Eltayeb, M.* AU - Benker, B. AU - Grill, P. AU - Attahir, M.* AU - Osman, A.* AU - Elsadig, M.* AU - Michalke, B. C1 - 6561 C2 - 29333 SP - 225-233 TI - Study on some trace element contents in serum and nail samples obtained from sudanese subjects. JO - Biol. Trace Elem. Res. VL - 144 IS - 1-3 PB - Springer PY - 2011 SN - 0163-4984 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Michalke, B. AU - Schramel, P. AU - Witte, H. C1 - 21658 C2 - 19825 SP - 81-91 TI - Iodine Speciation in Human Serum by Reversed-Phase Liquid Chromatography-ICP-Mass Spectrometry. JO - Biol. Trace Elem. Res. VL - 78 PY - 2000 SN - 0163-4984 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Michalke, B. AU - Schramel, P. AU - Witte, H. C1 - 21659 C2 - 19826 SP - 67-79 TI - Method Developments for Iodine Speciation by Reversed-Phase Liquid Chromatography-ICP- Mass Spectrometry. JO - Biol. Trace Elem. Res. VL - 78 PY - 2000 SN - 0163-4984 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Xu, L. AU - Sen, W. AU - Xiong, Q. AU - Huang, H.-H. AU - Schramel, P. C1 - 18760 C2 - 11873 TI - A Comparative Study of Selenium and Other Elemental Contents in Total Diets of Endemic and Non-endemic Areas of Kashin-Beck Disease in China and Application of Selenium-Supplemented Fertilizer. JO - Biol. Trace Elem. Res. PY - 1991 SN - 0163-4984 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Beck, K.W. AU - Schramel, P. AU - Hedl, A. AU - Jaeger, H. AU - Kaboth, W. C1 - 18604 C2 - 11740 SP - 89-96 TI - Serum Trace Element Levels in HIV-Infected Subjects. JO - Biol. Trace Elem. Res. VL - 25 PY - 1990 SN - 0163-4984 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Berg, D. AU - Kollmer, W.E. AU - Henrichs, K. AU - Voigt, G. C1 - 17814 C2 - 10728 SP - 249-256 TI - Whole Body Content and Turnover of Cs and K. JO - Biol. Trace Elem. Res. VL - 249 PY - 1990 SN - 0163-4984 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bostedt, H. AU - Schramel, P. C1 - 18226 C2 - 11439 SP - 163-171 TI - The Importance of Selenium in the Prenatal and Postnatal Development of Calves and Lambs. JO - Biol. Trace Elem. Res. VL - 24 PY - 1990 SN - 0163-4984 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bostedt, H. AU - Schramel, P. C1 - 18232 C2 - 11445 TI - The Importance of Selenium in the Prenatal and Postnatal Development of Calves and Lambs. JO - Biol. Trace Elem. Res. PY - 1990 SN - 0163-4984 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Selenium deficiency is responsible for Zenker type muscle degeneration in calves, lambs, and foals in the prenatal and postnatal stages of development. Investigations have shown that the selenium GSH Px, and vitamin E content of the maternal and fetal parts of the placenta in cattle are different. Similarly, low concentrations of selenium are present in milk from cows and sheep. In addition to an inadquate supply of selenium and vitamin E as a contributory cause of fetal nutritive muscular dystrophy (FNMD), it is assumed that a placental transport block and/or impaired selenium metabolism in the placenta are also responsible. Postnatal nutritive muscular dystrophy, however, is attributed to either acute selenium and vitamin E deficiency in basic feed or impaired plant absorption of selenium as a result of antagonistic elements, such as sulphur. AU - Bostedt, H.C.H.* AU - Schramel, P. C1 - 41197 C2 - 36482 SP - 163-171 TI - The importance of selenium in the prenatal and postnatal development of calves and lambs. JO - Biol. Trace Elem. Res. VL - 24 IS - 2-3 PY - 1990 SN - 0163-4984 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The concentrations of the essential trace elements Cu, Fe, and Zn, and of the mineral elements Ca, K, Mg, and P during the perinatal period in human placenta and in the blood of the mother and the newborn (cord blood) were determined. Breast milk (colostrum and transitory milk) was also included to permit correlations between the different compartments. No correlations were found. The uptake by nutrition and the body-pools of the mother and their mobilization for these elements seem to be sufficiently high for an adequate supply of the fetus and the milk in the geographical region of Munich (Bavaria, FRG) under these investigations. Differences in the mineral- and trace element concentrations of colostrum and transitory milk for the elements P and Zn and to a lesser extent for Ca and Mg were observed. Additionally, breast milk samples from different geographical regions in Bavaria were investigated. Results for the heavy metals Cd, Hg, and Pb, and for the essential trace element Se are also presented for these samples, and can be seen as a reflection of the overall environmental and dietary influences during pregnancy in these geographical regions. ICP (Inductively Coupled Plasma)-emission spectrometry was used for the determination of the elements Cu, Fe, Zn, Ca, K, Mg, and P. For the additionally given elements in the milk-samples anodic stripping voltammetry (DPASV) (Cd, Pb), hydride atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) (Se), and cold vapor AAS (Hg) were applied. AU - Schramel, P. AU - Lill, G. AU - Hasse, S. AU - Klose, B.J.* C1 - 42124 C2 - 36134 SP - 67-75 TI - Mineral- and trace element concentrations in human breast milk, placenta, maternal blood, and the blood of the newborn. JO - Biol. Trace Elem. Res. VL - 16 IS - 1 PY - 1988 SN - 0163-4984 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The concentrations of the trace elements Cd, Hg, Pb, and Se during the perinatal period in human placenta and in the blood of the mother and the newborn (cord blood) were determined. Breast milk (colostrum and mature milk) was also included to permit correlations between the different compartments. For Cd, a placental barrier exists, in accord with previous observations. For Pb, a strong correlation between the concentrations in the blood of the mother and of the newborn was found. The concentration of Hg was in most cases below low the detection limit. Its concentration in colostrum was higher than in the mature milk. The results for Se reflect the knowledge about an essential trace element. Strong positive correlations were noted between maternal blood and cord blood and maternal milk. Anodic stripping voltammetry (DPASV) was used for the determination of Cd and Pb, cold vapor AAS (CVAAS) for the determination of Hg, and instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) for the determination of Se.   AU - Schramel, P. AU - Hasse, S. AU - Ovcar-Pavlu, J. C1 - 42568 C2 - 36596 SP - 111-124 TI - Selenium, cadmium, lead, and mercury concentrations in human breast milk, in placenta, maternal blood, and the blood of the newborn. JO - Biol. Trace Elem. Res. VL - 15 PY - 1988 SN - 0163-4984 ER -