TY  - JOUR
AB  - PURPOSE: We aimed to examine the association between dietary patterns and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) while considering the potential effect modification by metabolic phenotypes (metabotypes). Additionally, we aimed to explore the association between dietary scores and prediabetes. METHODS: A total of 1460 participants (11.8% with T2DM) from the cross-sectional population-based KORA FF4 study were included. Participants, classified into three metabotype subgroups, had both their FSAm-NPS dietary index (underpinning the Nutri-Score) and ultra-processed foods (UPF) intake (using NOVA classification) calculated. Glucose tolerance status was assessed via oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT) in non-diabetic participants and was classified according to the American Diabetes Association criteria. Logistic regression models were used for both the overall and metabotype-stratified analyses of dietary scores' association with T2DM, and multinomial probit models for their association with prediabetes. RESULTS: Participants who had a diet with a higher FSAm-NPS dietary index (i.e., a lower diet quality) or a greater percentage of UPF consumption showed a positive association with T2DM. Stratified analyses demonstrated a strengthened association between UPF consumption and T2DM specifically in the metabolically most unfavorable metabotype (Odds Ratio, OR 1.92; 95% Confidence Interval, CI 1.35, 2.73). A diet with a higher FSAm-NPS dietary index was also positively associated with prediabetes (OR 1.19; 95% CI 1.04, 1.35). CONCLUSION: Our study suggests different associations between poorer diet quality and T2DM across individuals exhibiting diverse metabotypes, pointing to the option for stratified dietary interventions in diabetes prevention.
AU  - Deng, Z.*
AU  - Wawro, N.
AU  - Freuer, D.*
AU  - Peters, A.
AU  - Heier, M.
AU  - Meisinger, C.*
AU  - Breuninger, T.A.*
AU  - Linseisen, J.*
C1  - 70615
C2  - 55770
CY  - Tiergartenstrasse 17, D-69121 Heidelberg, Germany
SP  - 2137–2148
TI  - Differential association of dietary scores with the risk of type 2 diabetes by metabotype.
JO  - Eur. J. Nutr.
VL  - 63
PB  - Springer Heidelberg
PY  - 2024
SN  - 1436-6207
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - PURPOSE: The aim was to study the association between dietary intake of B vitamins in childhood and the risk of islet autoimmunity (IA) and progression to type 1 diabetes (T1D) by the age of 10 years. METHODS: We followed 8500 T1D-susceptible children born in the U.S., Finland, Sweden, and Germany in 2004 -2010 from the Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) study, which is a prospective observational birth cohort. Dietary intake of seven B vitamins was calculated from foods and dietary supplements based on 24-h recall at 3 months and 3-day food records collected regularly from 6 months to 10 years of age. Cox proportional hazard models were adjusted for energy, HLA-genotype, first-degree relative with T1D, sex, and country. RESULTS: A total of 778 (9.2) children developed at least one autoantibody (any IA), and 335 (3.9%) developed multiple autoantibodies. 280 (3.3%) children had IAA and 319 (3.8%) GADA as the first autoantibody. 344 (44%) children with IA progressed to T1D. We observed that higher intake of niacin was associated with a decreased risk of developing multiple autoantibodies (HR 0.95; 95% CI 0.92, 0.98) per 1 mg/1000 kcal in niacin intake. Higher intake of pyridoxine (HR 0.66; 95% CI 0.46, 0.96) and vitamin B12 (HR 0.87; 95% CI 0.77, 0.97) was associated with a decreased risk of IAA-first autoimmunity. Higher intake of riboflavin (HR 1.38; 95% CI 1.05, 1.80) was associated with an increased risk of GADA-first autoimmunity. There were no associations between any of the B vitamins and the outcomes "any IA" and progression from IA to T1D.  CONCLUSION: In this multinational, prospective birth cohort of children with genetic susceptibility to T1D, we observed some direct and inverse associations between different B vitamins and risk of IA.
AU  - Hakola, L.*
AU  - Mramba, L.K.*
AU  - Uusitalo, U.*
AU  - Andrén Aronsson, C.*
AU  - Hummel, S.
AU  - Niinistö, S.*
AU  - Erlund, I.*
AU  - Yang, J.*
AU  - Rewers, M.J.*
AU  - Akolkar, B.*
AU  - McIndoe, R.A.*
AU  - Rich, S.S.*
AU  - Hagopian, W.A.*
AU  - Ziegler, A.-G.
AU  - Lernmark, Å.*
AU  - Toppari, J.*
AU  - Krischer, J.P.*
AU  - Norris, J.M.*
AU  - Virtanen, S.M.*
AU  - TEDDY Study Group (Gezginci, C.
AU  - Heublein, A.
AU  - Knopff, A.
AU  - Koletzko, S.
AU  - Ramminger, C.
AU  - Roth, R.
AU  - Schmidt, J.
AU  - Scholz, M.
AU  - Stock, J.
AU  - Warncke, K.
AU  - Wendel, L.
AU  - Winkler, C.)
C1  - 70112
C2  - 55430
CY  - Tiergartenstrasse 17, D-69121 Heidelberg, Germany
TI  - Intake of B vitamins and the risk of developing islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes in the TEDDY study.
JO  - Eur. J. Nutr.
PB  - Springer Heidelberg
PY  - 2024
SN  - 1436-6207
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - Purpose: Examining epigenetic patterns is a crucial step in identifying molecular changes of disease pathophysiology, with DNA methylation as the most accessible epigenetic measure. Diet is suggested to affect metabolism and health via epigenetic modifications. Thus, our aim was to explore the association between food consumption and DNA methylation. Methods: Epigenome-wide association studies were conducted in three cohorts: KORA FF4, TwinsUK, and Leiden Longevity Study, and 37 dietary exposures were evaluated. Food group definition was harmonized across the three cohorts. DNA methylation was measured using Infinium MethylationEPIC BeadChip in KORA and Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip in the Leiden study and the TwinsUK study. Overall, data from 2293 middle-aged men and women were included. A fixed-effects meta-analysis pooled study-specific estimates. The significance threshold was set at 0.05 for false-discovery rate-adjusted p values per food group. Results: We identified significant associations between the methylation level of CpG sites and the consumption of onions and garlic (2), nuts and seeds (18), milk (1), cream (11), plant oils (4), butter (13), and alcoholic beverages (27). The signals targeted genes of metabolic health relevance, for example, GLI1, RPTOR, and DIO1, among others. Conclusion: This EWAS is unique with its focus on food groups that are part of a Western diet. Significant findings were mostly related to food groups with a high-fat content.
AU  - Hellbach, F.*
AU  - Sinke, L.*
AU  - Costeira, R.*
AU  - Baumeister, S.E.*
AU  - Beekman, M.*
AU  - Louca, P.*
AU  - Leeming, E.R.*
AU  - Mompeo, O.*
AU  - Berry, S.*
AU  - Wilson, R.
AU  - Wawro, N.
AU  - Freuer, D.*
AU  - Hauner, H.*
AU  - Peters, A.
AU  - Winkelmann, J.
AU  - Koenig, W.*
AU  - Meisinger, C.*
AU  - Waldenberger, M.
AU  - Heijmans, B.T.*
AU  - Slagboom, P.E.*
AU  - Bell, J.T.*
AU  - Linseisen, J.*
C1  - 67093
C2  - 53462
CY  - Tiergartenstrasse 17, D-69121 Heidelberg, Germany
SP  - 1357-1375
TI  - Pooled analysis of epigenome-wide association studies of food consumption in KORA, TwinsUK and LLS.
JO  - Eur. J. Nutr.
VL  - 62
IS  - 3
PB  - Springer Heidelberg
PY  - 2022
SN  - 1436-6207
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - Purpose Diet is one of the most important modifiable risk factors for the development of type 2 diabetes. Here, we aim to identify dietary patterns and to investigate their association with prediabetes, undetected diabetes and prevalent diabetes. Methods The present study included 1305 participants of the cross-sectional population-based KORA FF4 study. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) measurements together with a physician-confirmed diagnosis allowed for an accurate categorization of the participants according to their glucose tolerance status into normal glucose tolerance (n = 698), prediabetes (n = 459), undetected diabetes (n = 49), and prevalent diabetes (n = 99). Dietary patterns were identified through principal component analysis followed by hierarchical clustering. The association between dietary patterns and glucose tolerance status was investigated using multinomial logistic regression models. Results A Prudent pattern, characterized by high consumption of vegetables, fruits, wholegrains and dairy products, and a Western pattern, characterized by high consumption of red and processed meat, alcoholic beverages, refined grains and sugar-sweetened beverages, were identified. Participants following the Western pattern had significantly higher chances of having prediabetes (odds ratio [OR] 1.92; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.35, 2.73), undetected diabetes (OR 10.12; 95% CI 4.19, 24.43) or prevalent diabetes (OR 3.51; 95% CI 1.85, 6.67), compared to participants following the Prudent pattern. Conclusion To our knowledge, the present study is one of the few investigating the association between dietary patterns and prediabetes or undetected diabetes. The use of a reference group exclusively including participants with normal glucose tolerance might explain the strong associations observed in our study. These results suggest a very important role of dietary habits in the prevention of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes.
AU  - Pestoni, G.
AU  - Riedl, A.
AU  - Breuninger, T.
AU  - Wawro, N.
AU  - Krieger, J.P.*
AU  - Meisinger, C.
AU  - Rathmann, W.*
AU  - Thorand, B.
AU  - Harris, C.
AU  - Peters, A.
AU  - Rohrmann, S.*
AU  - Linseisen, J.
C1  - 60445
C2  - 49459
CY  - Tiergartenstrasse 17, D-69121 Heidelberg, Germany
SP  - 2331–2341
TI  - Association between dietary patterns and prediabetes, undetected diabetes or clinically diagnosed diabetes: Results from the KORA FF4 study.
JO  - Eur. J. Nutr.
VL  - 60
PB  - Springer Heidelberg
PY  - 2021
SN  - 1436-6207
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - Increased animal but not plant protein intake has been associated with increased mortality in epidemiological studies in humans and with reduced lifespan in animal species. Protein intake increases the activity of the IGF-1 system which may provide a link to reduced lifespan. We, therefore, compared the effects of animal versus plant protein intake on circulating levels of IGF-1 and the IGF-binding proteins (IGFBP)-1 and IGFBP-2 over a 6-week period. Thirty seven participants with type 2 diabetes consumed isocaloric diets composed of either 30% energy (EN) animal or plant protein, 30% EN fat and 40% EN carbohydrates for 6 weeks. The participants were clinically phenotyped before and at the end of the study. Both diets induced similar and significant increases of IGF-1 which was unaffected by the different amino acid compositions of plant and animal protein. Despite improvements of insulin sensitivity and major reductions of liver fat, IGFBP2 decreased with both diets while IGFBP-1 was not altered. We conclude that animal and plant protein similarly increase IGF-1 bioavailability while improving metabolic parameters and may be regarded as equivalent in this regard.
AU  - Schüler, R.*
AU  - Markova, M.*
AU  - Osterhoff, M.A.*
AU  - Arafat, A.M.*
AU  - Pivovarova, O.*
AU  - Machann, J.
AU  - Hierholzer, J.*
AU  - Hornemann, S.*
AU  - Rohn, S.*
AU  - Pfeiffer, A.F.H.*
C1  - 61432
C2  - 50242
CY  - Tiergartenstrasse 17, D-69121 Heidelberg, Germany
SP  - 3499-3504
TI  - Similar dietary regulation of IGF-1- and IGF-binding proteins by animal and plant protein in subjects with type 2 diabetes.
JO  - Eur. J. Nutr.
VL  - 60
IS  - 6
PB  - Springer Heidelberg
PY  - 2021
SN  - 1436-6207
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - PURPOSE: Adipokines may play an important role in the complex etiology of human obesity and its metabolic complications. Here, we analyzed the relationship between 15 adipokines, eating behavior and body-mass index (BMI). METHODS: The study included 557 participants of the Sorbs (62.1% women, 37.9% men) and 3101 participants of the population-based LIFE-Adult cohorts (53.4% women, 46.4% men) who completed the German version of the Three-Factor-Eating Questionnaire to assess the eating behavior types cognitive restraint, disinhibition and hunger. Serum levels of 15 adipokines, including adiponectin, adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein (AFABP), angiopoietin-related growth factor (AGF), chemerin, fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-19, FGF-21, FGF-23, insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1, interleukin (IL) 10, irisin, progranulin, vaspin, pro-neurotensin (pro-NT), pro-enkephalin (PENK) and leptin were measured. Based on significant correlations between several adipokines with different eating behavior items and BMI, we conducted mediation analyses, considering the eating behavior items as potential mediation variable towards BMI. RESULTS: Here, we found that the positive association between chemerin, AFABP or leptin and BMI in Sorbian women was mediated by higher restraint or disinhibited eating, respectively. Additionally, in Sorbian women, the negative relation between IGF-1 and BMI was mediated by higher disinhibition and the positive link between AGF and BMI by lower disinhibition. In Sorbian men, the negative relationship between PENK and BMI was mediated by lower disinhibition and hunger, whereas the negative relation between IGF-1 and BMI was mediated by higher hunger. In the LIFE-Adult women´s cohort, associations between chemerin and BMI were mediated by decreased hunger or disinhibition, respectively, whereas relations between PENK and BMI were fully mediated by decreased disinhibition. CONCLUSION: Our study suggests that adipokines such as PENK, IGF-1, chemerin, AGF, AFABP and leptin might affect the development of obesity by directly modifying individual eating behavior. Given the observational nature of the study, future experimental or mechanistic work is warranted.
AU  - Würfel, M.*
AU  - Breitfeld, J.*
AU  - Gebhardt, C.
AU  - Scholz, M.*
AU  - Baber, R.*
AU  - Riedel-Heller, S.G.*
AU  - Blüher, M.
AU  - Stumvoll, M.*
AU  - Kovacs, P.*
AU  - Tönjes, A.*
C1  - 63279
C2  - 51452
CY  - Tiergartenstrasse 17, D-69121 Heidelberg, Germany
TI  - Interplay between adipose tissue secreted proteins, eating behavior and obesity.
JO  - Eur. J. Nutr.
PB  - Springer Heidelberg
PY  - 2021
SN  - 1436-6207
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - Purpose Inter-individual metabolic differences may be a reason for previously inconsistent results in diet-diabetes associations. We aimed to investigate associations between dietary intake and diabetes for metabolically homogeneous subgroups ('metabotypes') in a large cross-sectional study. Methods We used data of 1517 adults aged 38-87 years from the German population-based KORA FF4 study (2013/2014). Dietary intake was estimated based on the combination of a food frequency questionnaire and multiple 24-h food lists. Glucose tolerance status was classified based on an oral glucose tolerance test in participants without a previous diabetes diagnosis using American Diabetes Association criteria. Logistic regression was applied to examine the associations between dietary intake and diabetes for two distinct metabotypes, which were identified based on 16 biochemical and anthropometric parameters. Results A low intake of fruits and a high intake of total meat, processed meat and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) were significantly associated with diabetes in the total study population. Stratified by metabotype, associations with diabetes remained significant for intake of total meat (OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.04-2.67) and processed meat (OR 2.23, 95% CI 1.24-4.04) in the metabotypes with rather favorable metabolic characteristics, and for intake of fruits (OR 0.83, 95% CI 0.68-0.99) and SSB (OR:1.21, 95% CI 1.09-1.35) in the more unfavorable metabotype. However, only the association between SSB intake and diabetes differed significantly by metabotype (p value for interaction = 0.01). Conclusions Our findings suggest an influence of metabolic characteristics on diet-diabetes associations, which may help to explain inconsistent previous results. The causality of the observed associations needs to be confirmed in prospective and intervention studies.
AU  - Riedl, A.
AU  - Wawro, N.
AU  - Gieger, C.
AU  - Meisinger, C.
AU  - Peters, A.
AU  - Rathmann, W.
AU  - Koenig, W.*
AU  - Strauch, K.
AU  - Quante, A.S.
AU  - Thorand, B.
AU  - Huth, C.
AU  - Daniel, H.*
AU  - Hauner, H.*
AU  - Linseisen, J.
C1  - 56068
C2  - 46779
CY  - Tiergartenstrasse 17, D-69121 Heidelberg, Germany
SP  - 1357-1369
TI  - Modifying effect of metabotype on diet-diabetes associations.
JO  - Eur. J. Nutr.
VL  - 59
IS  - 4
PB  - Springer Heidelberg
PY  - 2020
SN  - 1436-6207
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - Purpose Circulating IGF-1 concentrations have been associated with higher cancer risk, particularly prostate, breast and colorectal cancer. There is evidence from observational and intervention studies that milk and dairy products intake is associated with higher IGF-1 concentrations, but results were not always consistent. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between dairy intake and circulating IGF-1 concentrations in participants of the Second Bavarian Food Consumption Survey, thereby providing data for a German population for the first time. Methods In this cross-sectional study of 526 men and women aged 18-80 years, in contrast to most previous investigations, dietary intake was assessed with a more detailed instrument than food frequency questionnaires (FFQs), i.e., by three 24-h dietary recalls conducted on random days close in time to the blood collection. Circulating IGF-1 concentrations were measured in blood samples. Multivariable linear regression models were used to examine the association of dairy intake with IGF-1 concentrations. Results Each 400 g increment in daily dairy intake was associated with 16.8 mu g/L (95% CI 6.9, 26.7) higher IGF-1 concentrations. Each 200 g increment in milk per day was associated with 10.0 mu g/L (95% CI 4.2, 15.8) higher IGF-1. In contrast, we observed no association between cheese or yogurt intake and IGF-1 concentrations. Conclusions Our findings are in line with most previous investigations and support the hypothesis that dairy and milk intake are associated with higher IGF-1 concentrations.
AU  - Romo Ventura, E.*
AU  - Konigorski, S.*
AU  - Rohrmann, S.*
AU  - Schneider, H.*
AU  - Stalla, G.K.*
AU  - Pischon, T.*
AU  - Linseisen, J.
AU  - Nimptsch, K.*
C1  - 56067
C2  - 46778
CY  - Tiergartenstrasse 17, D-69121 Heidelberg, Germany
SP  - 1413-1420
TI  - Association of dietary intake of milk and dairy products with blood concentrations of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) in Bavarian adults.
JO  - Eur. J. Nutr.
VL  - 59
IS  - 4
PB  - Springer Heidelberg
PY  - 2020
SN  - 1436-6207
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - PURPOSE: The enzymes encoded by fatty acid desaturases (FADS) genes determine the desaturation of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA). We investigated if haplotype and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in FADS gene cluster can influence LCPUFA status in infants who received either fish oil or placebo supplementation. METHODS: Children enrolled in the Infant Fish Oil Supplementation Study (IFOS) were randomly allocated to receive either fish oil or placebo from birth to 6 months of age. Blood was collected at 6 months of age for the measurement of fatty acids and for DNA extraction. A total of 276 participant DNA samples underwent genotyping, and 126 erythrocyte and 133 plasma fatty acid measurements were available for analysis. Twenty-two FADS SNPs were selected on the basis of literature and linkage disequilibrium patterns identified from the HapMap data. Haplotype construction was completed using PHASE. RESULTS: For participants allocated to the fish oil group who had two copies of the FADS1 haplotype consisting of SNP minor alleles, DHA levels were significantly higher compared to other haplotypes. This finding was not observed for the placebo group. Furthermore, for members of the fish oil group only, the minor homozygous carriers of all the FADS1 SNPs investigated had significantly higher DHA than other genotypes (rs174545, rs174546, rs174548, rs174553, rs174556, rs174537, rs174448, and rs174455). CONCLUSIONS: Overall results of this preliminary study suggest that supplementation with fish oil may only significantly increase DHA in minor allele carriers of FADS1 SNPs. Further research is required to confirm this novel finding.
AU  - Meldrum, S.J.*
AU  - Li, Y.*
AU  - Zhang, G.*
AU  - Heaton, A.E.M.*
AU  - D'Vaz, N.*
AU  - Manz, J.
AU  - Reischl, E.
AU  - Koletzko, B.V.
AU  - Prescott, S.L.*
AU  - Simmer, K.*
C1  - 51944
C2  - 43600
SP  - 2583-2594
TI  - Can polymorphisms in the fatty acid desaturase (FADS) gene cluster alter the effects of fish oil supplementation on plasma and erythrocyte fatty acid profiles? An exploratory study.
JO  - Eur. J. Nutr.
VL  - 57
PY  - 2018
SN  - 1436-6207
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - PURPOSE: Introduction of complementary food usually leads to decreasing intakes of long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LC-PUFA), compared to full breastfeeding. In the randomised controlled PINGU intervention trial, we tested the effects of complementary foods with different contents of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on term infant LC-PUFA status. METHODS: Healthy infants born at term were randomised to receive from the introduction of complementary feeding at the age of 4 to 6 months until age of 10 months ready-made complementary meals either with ALA-rich rapeseed oil (intervention group (IG)-R), with salmon twice weekly to provide preformed DHA (IG-F), or with linoleic acid-rich corn oil (control group, CG). Fatty acid composition was assessed in erythrocyte (RBC) and plasma glycerophospholipids. RESULTS: Complete data of fatty acids in RBC (plasma) were available from 158 (155) infants. After intervention, infants assigned to IG-F showed higher RBC and plasma percentages of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), DHA, and total n-3 LC-PUFA than CG (each p < 0.001). In IG-R, levels of ALA and the ratio of ALA to LA in plasma and RBC (all p < 0.0001) as well as RBC-EPA (p < 0.0001) were higher than in CG, while DHA levels did not differ between IG-R and CG. CONCLUSIONS: Regular fish consumption during complementary feeding enhances infant EPA and DHA status. The usage of rapeseed oil in small amounts concordant with EU-law for commercial meals enhances endogenic EPA-synthesis, but does not affect DHA status. Provision of oily fish with complementary feeds is advisable to prevent a decline of DHA status. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: www.clinicaltrials.gov , identifier: NCT01487889, title: Polyunsaturated fatty acids in child nutrition-a German multimodal optimisation study (PINGU).
AU  - Libuda, L.*
AU  - Mesch, C.M.*
AU  - Stimming, M.*
AU  - Demmelmair, H.*
AU  - Koletzko, B.*
AU  - Warschburger, P.*
AU  - Blanke, K.*
AU  - Reischl, E.
AU  - Kalhoff, H.*
AU  - Kersting, M.*
C1  - 47425
C2  - 39307
CY  - Heidelberg
SP  - 1633-1644
TI  - Fatty acid supply with complementary foods and LC-PUFA status in healthy infants: Results of a randomised controlled trial.
JO  - Eur. J. Nutr.
VL  - 55
IS  - 4
PB  - Springer Heidelberg
PY  - 2016
SN  - 1436-6207
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - PURPOSE: Milk provides a significant source of calcium, protein, vitamins and other minerals to Western populations throughout life. Due to its widespread use, the metabolic and health impact of milk consumption warrants further investigation and biomarkers would aid epidemiological studies. METHODS: Milk intake assessed by a validated food frequency questionnaire was analyzed against fasting blood metabolomic profiles from two metabolomic platforms in females from the TwinsUK cohort (n = 3559). The top metabolites were then replicated in two independent populations (EGCUT, n = 1109 and KORA, n = 1593), and the results from all cohorts were meta-analyzed. RESULTS: Four metabolites were significantly associated with milk intake in the TwinsUK cohort after adjustment for multiple testing (P < 8.08 × 10(-5)) and covariates (BMI, age, batch effects, family relatedness and dietary covariates) and replicated in the independent cohorts. Among the metabolites identified, the carnitine metabolite trimethyl-N-aminovalerate (β = 0.012, SE = 0.002, P = 2.98 × 10(-12)) and the nucleotide uridine (β = 0.004, SE = 0.001, P = 9.86 × 10(-6)) were the strongest novel predictive biomarkers from the non-targeted platform. Notably, the association between trimethyl-N-aminovalerate and milk intake was significant in a group of MZ twins discordant for milk intake (β = 0.050, SE = 0.015, P = 7.53 × 10(-4)) and validated in the urine of 236 UK twins (β = 0.091, SE = 0.032, P = 0.004). Two metabolites from the targeted platform, hydroxysphingomyelin C14:1 (β = 0.034, SE = 0.005, P = 9.75 × 10(-14)) and diacylphosphatidylcholine C28:1 (β = 0.034, SE = 0.004, P = 4.53 × 10(-16)), were also replicated. CONCLUSIONS: We identified and replicated in independent populations four novel biomarkers of milk intake: trimethyl-N-aminovalerate, uridine, hydroxysphingomyelin C14:1 and diacylphosphatidylcholine C28:1. Together, these metabolites have potential to objectively examine and refine milk-disease associations.
AU  - Pallister, T.*
AU  - Haller, T.*
AU  - Thorand, B.
AU  - Altmaier, E.
AU  - Cassidy, A.*
AU  - Martin, T.*
AU  - Jennings, A.*
AU  - Mohney, R.P.*
AU  - Gieger, C.
AU  - MacGregor, A.*
AU  - Kastenmüller, G.
AU  - Metspalu, A.*
AU  - Spector, T.D.*
AU  - Menni, C.*
C1  - 49190
C2  - 41700
CY  - Heidelberg
SP  - 2379-2391
TI  - Metabolites of milk intake: A metabolomic approach in UK twins with findings replicated in two European cohorts.
JO  - Eur. J. Nutr.
VL  - 56
IS  - 7
PB  - Springer Heidelberg
PY  - 2016
SN  - 1436-6207
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - Purpose: Childhood obesity is an increasing problem and is accompanied by metabolic disturbances. Recently, we have identified 14 serum metabolites by a metabolomics approach (FIA-MS/MS), which showed altered concentra- tions in obese children as compared to normal-weight children. Obese children demonstrated higher concentra- tions of two acylcarnitines and lower levels of three amino acids, six acyl–alkyl phosphatidylcholines, and three lys- ophosphatidylcholines. The aim of this study was to ana- lyze whether these alterations normalize in weight loss. Methods: We analyzed the changes of these 14 metabo- lites by the same metabolic kit as in our previous study in serum samples of 80 obese children with substantial weight loss (BMI-SDS reduction [0.5) and in 80 obese children with stable weight status all participating in a 1-year life- style intervention. Results: In the children without weight change, no significant changes of metabolite concentrations could be observed. In children with substantial weight loss, glutamine, methionine, the lysophosphatidylcholines LPCaC18:1, LPCaC18:2, and LPCa20:4, as well as the acyl–alkyl phosphatidylcholine PCaeC36:2 increased significantly, while the acylcarnitines C12:1 and C16:1, proline, PCaeC34:1, PCaeC34:2, PCaeC34:3, PCaeC36:3, and PCaeC38:2 did not change significantly. Conclusions: The changes of glutamine, methionine, LPCaC18:1, LPCaC18:2, LPCa20:4, and PCaeC36:2 seem to be related to the changes of dieting or exercise habits in lifestyle intervention or to be a consequence of overweight since they normalized in weight loss. Further studies should substantiate our findings.
AU  - Reinehr, T.*
AU  - Wolters, B.*
AU  - Knop, C.*
AU  - Lass, N.*
AU  - Hellmuth, C.*
AU  - Harder, U.*
AU  - Peissner, W.*
AU  - Wahl, S.
AU  - Grallert, H.
AU  - Adamski, J.
AU  - Illig, T.
AU  - Prehn, C.
AU  - Yu, Z.
AU  - Wang-Sattler, R.
AU  - Koletzko, B.*
C1  - 31113
C2  - 34236
CY  - Heidelberg
SP  - 173-181
TI  - Changes in the serum metabolite profile in obese children with weight loss.
JO  - Eur. J. Nutr.
VL  - 54
IS  - 2
PB  - Springer Heidelberg
PY  - 2015
SN  - 1436-6207
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - There is growing evidence that early nutrition affects later cognitive performance. The idea that the diet of mothers, infants, and children could affect later mental performance has major implications for public health practice and policy development and for our understanding of human biology as well as for food product development, economic progress, and future wealth creation. To date, however, much of the evidence is from animal, retrospective studies and short-term nutritional intervention studies in humans. The positive effect of micronutrients on health, especially of pregnant women eating well to maximise their child's cognitive and behavioural outcomes, is commonly acknowledged. The current evidence of an association between gestational nutrition and brain development in healthy children is more credible for folate, n-3 fatty acids, and iron. Recent findings highlight the fact that single-nutrient supplementation is less adequate than supplementation with more complex formulae. However, the optimal content of micronutrient supplementation and whether there is a long-term impact on child's neurodevelopment needs to be investigated further. Moreover, it is also evident that future studies should take into account genetic heterogeneity when evaluating nutritional effects and also nutritional recommendations. The objective of the present review is to provide a background and update on the current knowledge linking nutrition to cognition and behaviour in children, and to show how the large collaborative European Project NUTRIMENTHE is working towards this aim.
AU  - Anjos, T.*
AU  - Altmäe, S.*
AU  - Emmett, P.*
AU  - Tiemeier, H.*
AU  - Closa-Monasterolo, R.*
AU  - Luque, V.*
AU  - Wiseman, S.*
AU  - Pérez-García, M.*
AU  - Lattka, E.
AU  - Demmelmair, H.*
AU  - Egan, B.*
AU  - Straub, N.*
AU  - Szajewska, H.*
AU  - Evans, J.*
AU  - Horton, C.*
AU  - Paus, T.*
AU  - Isaacs, E.*
AU  - van Klinken, J.W.*
AU  - Koletzko, B.*
AU  - Campoy, C.*
AU  - NUTRIMENTHE Research Group (*)
C1  - 26064
C2  - 32051
SP  - 1825-1842
TI  - Nutrition and neurodevelopment in children: Focus on NUTRIMENTHE project.
JO  - Eur. J. Nutr.
VL  - 52
IS  - 8
PB  - Springer
PY  - 2013
SN  - 1436-6207
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - BACKGROUND: Metabolic syndrome is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, which are still the major cause of death in developed countries. METHODS: We cross-sectionally studied the association between urinary phytoestrogen excretion and metabolic cardiovascular risk factors. Hence, we used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1999 to 2004 with 1,748 participants, who had urine levels of isoflavones and lignans measured. Geometric means of waist circumference, blood pressure, fasting glucose, HDL cholesterol, and triglyceride levels were computed by quartiles of isoflavone or lignan urinary excretion. Outcome was assessed as the presence of metabolic syndrome according to NCEP-ATP III criteria. The association between phytoestrogen concentration and the metabolic syndrome was calculated using logistic regression analyses. RESULTS: Plasma triglyceride and HDL cholesterol levels were lower in participants in the highest quartile of lignan excretion compared with the lowest (both P < 0.01). However, blood pressure, waist circumference, and plasma glucose levels did not differ significantly between extreme quartiles. The presence of metabolic syndrome was lower with increasing levels of urinary lignans (OR 0.48, 95 % CI 0.28; 0.80 top vs. bottom quartile), especially when separately computed for the excretion of enterolactone (OR 0.47, 95 % CI 0.28; 0.78). There was no significant association between isoflavone excretion and any component of the metabolic syndrome. CONCLUSIONS: Our study shows that an increasing excretion of lignans, especially enterolactone, might be associated with a decreased presence of the metabolic syndrome.  
AU  - Struja, T.*
AU  - Richard, A.*
AU  - Linseisen, J.
AU  - Eichholzer, M.*
AU  - Rohrmann, S.*
C1  - 29167
C2  - 32659
CY  - Heidelberg
SP  - 1371-1381
TI  - The association between urinary phytoestrogen excretion and components of the metabolic syndrome in NHANES.
JO  - Eur. J. Nutr.
VL  - 53
IS  - 6
PB  - Springer
PY  - 2013
SN  - 1436-6207
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - PURPOSE: To prospectively evaluate the association of vitamin/mineral supplementation with cancer, cardiovascular, and all-cause mortality. METHODS: In the Heidelberg cohort of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC-Heidelberg), which was recruited in 1994-1998, 23,943 participants without pre-existing cancer and myocardial infarction/stroke at baseline were included in the analyses. Vitamin/mineral supplementation was assessed at baseline and during follow-up. Cox regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS: After an average follow-up time of 11 years, 1,101 deaths were documented (cancer deaths = 513 and cardiovascular deaths = 264). After adjustment for potential confounders, neither any vitamin/mineral supplementation nor multivitamin supplementation at baseline was statistically significantly associated with cancer, cardiovascular, or all-cause mortality. However, baseline users of antioxidant vitamin supplements had a significantly reduced risk of cancer mortality (HR: 0.52; 95% CI: 0.28, 0.97) and all-cause mortality (HR: 0.58; 95% CI: 0.38, 0.88). In comparison with never users, baseline non-users who started taking vitamin/mineral supplements during follow-up had significantly increased risks of cancer mortality (HR: 1.74; 95% CI: 1.09, 2.77) and all-cause mortality (HR: 1.58; 95% CI: 1.17, 2.14). CONCLUSIONS: Based on limited numbers of users and cases, this cohort study suggests that supplementation of antioxidant vitamins might possibly reduce cancer and all-cause mortality. The significantly increased risks of cancer and all-cause mortality among baseline non-users who started taking supplements during follow-up may suggest a "sick-user effect," which researchers should be cautious of in future observational studies.
AU  - Li, K.R.*
AU  - Kaaks, R.*
AU  - Linseisen, J.
AU  - Rohrmann, S.*
C1  - 7576
C2  - 30134
SP  - 407-413
TI  - Vitamin/mineral supplementation and cancer, cardiovascular, and all-cause mortality in a German prospective cohort (EPIC-Heidelberg).
JO  - Eur. J. Nutr.
VL  - 51
IS  - 4
PB  - Springer
PY  - 2012
SN  - 1436-6207
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - AIMS: To assess temporal changes in body fat distribution, body mass index and obesity in Augsburg, Germany. METHODS: Waist circumference, weight and height were measured in two independent samples of 4804 and 4792, men and women, aged 25-74 years, in the MONICA Augsburg surveys 1989/90 and 1994/95. Abdominal obesity was defined as waist circumference greater than the 80th gender-specific percentile (men: 103, women: 92 cm) in the 1989/90 population. Obesity was defined as a body mass index (BMI) > or = 30 kg/m2. RESULTS: Age-standardized mean waist circumference increased by more than 1 cm (p-value < 0.00003) in both men and women while BMI increased by 0.3-0.4 kg/m2 (p-value < 0.01). We observed both a shift to higher values in the waist circumference distribution plus--particularly in women older than 45 years --a substantial right shift in the top of the distribution. Moreover, survey participants in 1994/95 who were at the higher end of the BMI distributions were disproportionately more obese than their respective peers in 1989/90. The prevalence of abdominal obesity rose by 3.3% in men and 3.6% in women, while the prevalence of obesity rose by 2% from 17% in men and by 2.5% from 19% in women. CONCLUSIONS: While changes in the Augsburg population may not be as alarming as in other countries, the secular increase in waist circumferences in both men and women occurring over a short time period indicates a need for prevention given the already high absolute weight, BMI and waist circumference levels in the population.  
AU  - Liese, A.D.*
AU  - Döring, A.
AU  - Hense, H.-W.*
AU  - Keil, U.*
C1  - 22102
C2  - 20763
SP  - 282-288
TI  - Five year changes in waist circumference, body mass index and obesity in Augsburg, Germany.
JO  - Eur. J. Nutr.
VL  - 40
IS  - 6
PY  - 2001
SN  - 1436-6207
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Döring, A.
AU  - Winkler, G.
AU  - Filipiak, B.
C1  - 32948
C2  - 35250
SP  - 104
TI  - Veränderungen des Ernährungsverhaltens bei Männern im Alter von 45 bis 64 Jahren.
JO  - Eur. J. Nutr.
VL  - 36
IS  - 1
PY  - 1997
SN  - 1436-6207
ER  -