TY  - JOUR
AB  - Fire is a natural phenomenon along South Africa's southern Cape coast, but identifying its climatic drivers has been a subject of considerable debate. This study investigates the hydroclimatic and fire dynamics from a 9.6 m sediment core from Vankervelsvlei covering the past 7.2 ka. The fen is located near the southern Cape coast within the year-round rainfall zone of South Africa. A reconstruction of hydroclimatic variability through time applies oxygen isotopes from hemicellulose-derived sugars and hydrogen isotopes from leaf wax-derived n-alkanes. Coupling both isotopes enables a reconstruction of the atmospheric source and seasonality of precipitation as well as estimating local relative humidity. Past trends in fire activity are inferred from macro-charcoal and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) analyses, the latter serving as fire biomarkers. Results indicate high fire activity at Vankervelsvlei accompanied by generally moist conditions and a year-round rainfall regime linked to both Westerly-derived winter precipitation and Easterly- and locally-derived summer precipitation from 7.2+0.2/−0.2 to 4.5+0.3/−0.3 cal ka BP. From 4.5+0.3/−0.3 to 1.5+0.4/−0.2 cal ka BP, a shift to a Westerly-derived winter rainfall regime is identified. This variation features alongside reduced fire activity and persistent drought conditions as Easterly- and locally-derived summer precipitation decreased. From 1.5+0.4/−0.2 cal ka BP until present day, macro-charcoal and PAH accumulation rates show high fire activity. Paleoclimate evidence from the last two millennia suggests a variable climate with an overall increase in total moisture availability as contributions from both Westerly-derived winter precipitation and Easterly- and locally-derived summer precipitation support the year-round rainfall regime present today. Results from Vankervelsvlei support previous evidence from regional paleo-reconstructions, refining our understanding of the interplay between hydroclimatic variability and fire activity along South Africa's southern Cape coast. Our study discusses the role of large-scale climate modes, specifically the intensity of El Niño, as a potential driver of short-term hydroclimatic variability, which in turn drives fuel availability and fire activity at Vankervelsvlei during the Holocene.
AU  - Ströbel, P.*
AU  - Henning, T.*
AU  - Bliedtner, M.*
AU  - Mosher, S.G.*
AU  - Rahimova, H.
AU  - Haberzettl, T.*
AU  - Kirsten, K.L.*
AU  - Lehndorff, E.*
AU  - Power, M.J.*
AU  - Zech, M.*
AU  - Zech, R.*
C1  - 69736
C2  - 55200
CY  - The Boulevard, Langford Lane, Kidlington, Oxford Ox5 1gb, England
TI  - Holocene fire dynamics and their climatic controls on the southern Cape coast of South Africa - A 7.2 ka multi-proxy record from the peatland Vankervelsvlei.
JO  - Quat. Sci. Rev.
VL  - 325
PB  - Pergamon-elsevier Science Ltd
PY  - 2024
SN  - 0277-3791
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - The 210 degreesC thermoluminescence (TL) peak of quartz, extracted from brick fragments of Somero sacristy (Finland), which were partly elements of construction, were used for the measurement of archaeological dose for the purpose of dating. The annual gamma dose-rate with cosmic component and beta dose rate of bricks were measured using two types of TLD detectors (AL(2)O(3)-C) inserted in situ and in laboratory, respectively, The improvements in the precision of the TL measurements, components of annual dose assessment are described, and the results of TL age determination are discussed and compared with the archaeologically expected age.
AU  - Hütt, G.*
AU  - Göksu, H.Y.
AU  - Jaek, I.*
AU  - Hiekkanen, M.*
C1  - 9920
C2  - 19668
SP  - 773-777
TI  - Luminescence dating of Somero sacristy, SW Finland using the 210 degrees C TL peak of quartz.
JO  - Quat. Sci. Rev.
VL  - 20 
IS  - 5-9
PB  - Pergamon Press
PY  - 2001
SN  - 0277-3791
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - Samples of fossil tooth enamesl taken from different depths of Karain Cave (Antalya, Turkey) were studied by the ESR method. The accumulated doses (DES of the samples were determined using the paramagnetic center at g = 2.0020 ± 0.0003 by means of three different microwave power conditions. It is found that the dating signal at g = 2.0020 (ΔHpp ≈ 0.34 mT) is disturbed significantly by the isotropic signal at g = 2.0007 ± 0.0003 at high microwave power. The lifetime of this signal is significantly smaller than the lifetime of the dating signal. However, the statistical uncertainty caused by different microwave powers is still within the total uncertainty in the age determination of the tooth enamels under investigation. The ESR ages of the samples were calculated using early uranium (EU) and linear uranium (LU) uptake models. The ages due to EU and LU models are in agreement within an error of 10% due to the low uranium content of the samples.
AU  - Çetin, O.*
AU  - Özer, A.M.*
AU  - Wieser, A.
C1  - 39994
C2  - 38935
SP  - 661-669
TI  - ESR dating of tooth enamel from Karain excavation (Antalya, Turkey).
JO  - Quat. Sci. Rev.
VL  - 13
IS  - 5-7
PY  - 1994
SN  - 0277-3791
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - A mammoth found in the southern part of Germany was dated by ESR spectroscopy. This dating method is based on the measurement of the accumulated dose in tooth enamel and assessment of the annual dose. The accumulated dose is obtained from the radiation induced ESR signal at g = 2.0018 of the enamel. The annual dose was first determined by measuring the 238U, 232Th and 40K content of the tooth and of the surrounding soil. As a crosscheck, the dose rate from the tooth was measured by inserting TL dosimeters in the dentine and storing them at 'zero' background in a salt mine. The cosmic dose rate and the gamma dose rate from the soil was evaluated from TL dosimeters buried at the excavation site. The results are discussed with respect to the applicability of ESR dating on teeth.
AU  - Wieser, A.
AU  - Göksu, H.Y.
AU  - Regulla, D.F.
AU  - Vogenauer, A.
C1  - 42460
C2  - 36263
SP  - 491-495
TI  - Dose rate assessment in tooth enamel.
JO  - Quat. Sci. Rev.
VL  - 7
IS  - 3-4
PY  - 1988
SN  - 0277-3791
ER  -