TY  - JOUR
AB  - Even though sunlight is viewed as the most important determinant of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) status, several European studies have observed higher 25(OH)D concentrations among north-Europeans than south-Europeans. We studied the association between geographical latitude (derived from ecological data) and 25(OH)D status in 6 European countries by using harmonized immunoassay data from 81,084 participants in the Biomarkers for Cardiovascular Risk Assessment in Europe (BiomarCaRE) project (male sex 48.9%; median age 50.8 years; examination period 1984 to 2014). Quantile regression models, adjusted for age, sex, decade and calendar week of sampling, and time from sampling to analysis, were used for between-country comparisons. Up until the median percentile, the ordering of countries by 25(OH)D status (from highest to lowest) was as follows: Sweden (at 65.6 to 63.8 oN), Germany (at 48.4 oN), Finland (at 65.0 to 60.2 oN), Italy (at 45.6 to 41.5 oN), Scotland (at 58.2 to 55.1 oN), and Spain (at 41.5 oN). From the 75th percentile and upwards, Finland had higher values than Germany. As an example, using the Swedish cohort as comparator, the median 25(OH)D concentration was 3.03, 3.28, 5.41, 6.54, and 9.28 ng/mL lower in the German, Finnish, Italian, Scottish, and Spanish cohort, respectively (P-value < 0.001 for all comparisons). The ordering of countries was highly consistent in subgroup analyses by sex, age, and decade and season of sampling. In conclusion, we confirmed the previous observation of a north-to-south gradient of 25(OH)D status in Europe, with higher percentile values among north-Europeans than south-Europeans.
AU  - Oskarsson, V.*
AU  - Eliasson, M.*
AU  - Salomaa, V.*
AU  - Reinikainen, J.*
AU  - Männistö, S.*
AU  - Palmieri, L.*
AU  - Donfrancesco, C.*
AU  - Sans, S.*
AU  - Costanzo, S.*
AU  - de Gaetano, G.*
AU  - Iacoviello, L.*
AU  - Veronesi, G.*
AU  - Ferrario, M.M.*
AU  - Padró, T.*
AU  - Thorand, B.
AU  - Huth, C.
AU  - Zeller, T.*
AU  - Blankenberg, S.*
AU  - Anderson, A.S.*
AU  - Tunstall-Pedoe, H.*
AU  - Kuulasmaa, K.*
AU  - Söderberg, S.*
C1  - 63888
C2  - 51787
CY  - Edinburgh Bldg, Shaftesbury Rd, Cb2 8ru Cambridge, England
SP  - 2208–2218
TI  - Influence of geographical latitude on vitamin D status: Cross-sectional results from the BiomarCaRE consortium.
JO  - Br. J. Nutr.
VL  - 128
PB  - Cambridge Univ Press
PY  - 2022
SN  - 0007-1145
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - Variants in the human genes of fatty acid (FA) desaturase 1 (FADS1), 2 (FADS2) and 3 (FADS3) are associated with PUFA blood levels. We explored if maternal prenatal supplementation and children's genetic variation in seventeen SNP of the FADS1, FADS2 and FADS3 gene cluster influence twenty-one of the most relevant cheek cells' derived FA in glycerophospholipids (GPL-FA). The study was conducted in 147 Spanish and German mother-children pairs participating in the Nutraceuticals for a Healthier Life (NUHEAL) study at 8, 9 and 9·5 years. Linear and mixed model longitudinal regression analyses were performed. Maternal fish-oil (FO) or FO+5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-MTHF) supplementation during pregnancy was associated with a significant decrease of arachidonic acid (AA) concentrations in cheek cell GPL in the offspring, from 8 to 9·5 years; furthermore, maternal FO+5-MTHF supplementation was associated with higher n-6 docosapentaenoic acid concentrations in their children at age 8 years. FADS1 rs174556 polymorphism and different FADS2 genotypes were associated with higher concentrations of linoleic and α-linolenic acids in children; moreover, some FADS2 genotypes determined lower AA concentrations in children's cheek cells. It is suggested an interaction between type of prenatal supplementation and the offspring genetic background driving GPL-FA levels at school age. Prenatal FO supplementation, and/or with 5-MTHF, seems to stimulate n-3 and n-6 FA desaturation in the offspring, increasing long-chain PUFA concentrations at school age, but depending on children's FADS1 and FADS2 genotypes. These findings suggest potential early nutrition programming of FA metabolic pathways, but interacting with children's FADS polymorphisms.
AU  - Martínez-Zaldívar, C.*
AU  - Azaryah, H.*
AU  - García-Santos, J.A.*
AU  - Demmelmair, H.*
AU  - Altmäe, S.*
AU  - Reischl, E.
AU  - Rzehak, P.*
AU  - Koletzko, B.*
AU  - Campoy, C.*
C1  - 57201
C2  - 47606
SP  - S68-S79
TI  - Early nutrition in combination with polymorphisms in fatty acid desaturase gene cluster modulate fatty acid composition of cheek cells' glycerophospholipids in school-age children.
JO  - Br. J. Nutr.
VL  - 122
IS  - s1
PY  - 2019
SN  - 0007-1145
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - Animal sterols, plant sterols and bile acids in stool samples have been suggested as biomarkers of dietary intake. It is still unknown whether they also reflect long-term habitual dietary intake and can be used in aetiological research. In a subgroup of the Cooperative Health Research in the Augsburg Region (KORA FF4) study, habitual dietary intake was estimated based on repeated 24-h food list and a FFQ. Stool samples were collected according to a standard operating procedure and those meeting the quality criteria were extracted and analysed by means of a metabolomics technique. The present study is based on data from 513 men and 495 women with a mean age of 60 and 58 years, respectively, for which faecal animal and plant sterols and bile acids concentrations and dietary intake data were available. In adjusted regression models, the associations between food intake and log-normalised metabolite concentrations were analysed. Bonferroni correction was used to account for multiple testing. In this population-based sample, associations between habitual dietary intake and faecal concentrations of animal sterols were identified, while the impact of usual diet on bile acids was limited. A habitual diet high in 'fruits' and 'nuts and seeds' is associated with lower animal faecal sterols concentrations, whereas a diet high in 'meat and meat products' is positively related to faecal concentrations of animal sterols. A positive association between glycocholate and fruit consumption was found. Further studies are necessary for evaluation of faecal animal sterols as biomarkers of diet. The findings need to be confirmed in other populations with diverse dietary habits.
AU  - Mitry, P.
AU  - Wawro, N.
AU  - Sharma, S.
AU  - Kriebel, J.
AU  - Artati, A.
AU  - Adamski, J.
AU  - Heier, M.
AU  - Meisinger, C.
AU  - Thorand, B.
AU  - Grallert, H.
AU  - Peters, A.
AU  - Linseisen, J.
C1  - 56288
C2  - 46956
CY  - Edinburgh Bldg, Shaftesbury Rd, Cb2 8ru Cambridge, England
SP  - 309-321
TI  - Associations between usual food intake and faecal sterols and bile acids: Results from the Cooperative Health Research in the Augsburg Region (KORA FF4) study.
JO  - Br. J. Nutr.
VL  - 122
IS  - 3
PB  - Cambridge Univ Press
PY  - 2019
SN  - 0007-1145
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - Metabolic diversity leads to differences in nutrient requirements and responses to diet and medication between individuals. Using the concept of metabotyping - that is, grouping metabolically similar individuals - tailored and more efficient recommendations may be achieved. The aim of this study was to review the current literature on metabotyping and to explore its potential for better targeted dietary intervention in subjects with and without metabolic diseases. A comprehensive literature search was performed in PubMed, Google and Google Scholar to find relevant articles on metabotyping in humans including healthy individuals, population-based samples and patients with chronic metabolic diseases. A total of thirty-four research articles on human studies were identified, which established more homogeneous subgroups of individuals using statistical methods for analysing metabolic data. Differences between studies were found with respect to the samples/populations studied, the clustering variables used, the statistical methods applied and the metabotypes defined. According to the number and type of the selected clustering variables, the definitions of metabotypes differed substantially; they ranged between general fasting metabotypes, more specific fasting parameter subgroups like plasma lipoprotein or fatty acid clusters and response groups to defined meal challenges or dietary interventions. This demonstrates that the term 'metabotype' has a subjective usage, calling for a formalised definition. In conclusion, this literature review shows that metabotyping can help identify subgroups of individuals responding differently to defined nutritional interventions. Targeted recommendations may be given at such metabotype group levels. Future studies should develop and validate definitions of generally valid metabotypes by exploiting the increasingly available metabolomics data sets.
AU  - Riedl, A.
AU  - Gieger, C.
AU  - Hauner, H*
AU  - Daniel, H.*
AU  - Linseisen, J.
C1  - 51560
C2  - 43246
CY  - Cambridge
SP  - 1631-1644
TI  - Metabotyping and its application in targeted nutrition: An overview.
JO  - Br. J. Nutr.
VL  - 117
IS  - 12
PB  - Cambridge Univ Press
PY  - 2017
SN  - 0007-1145
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - Perinatal exposure to nutrients and dietary components may affect the risk for coeliac disease (CD). We investigated the association between maternal use of vitamin D, n-3 fatty acids (FA) and Fe supplements during pregnancy and risk for CD autoimmunity (CDA) and CD in the offspring. Children at increased genetic risk were prospectively followed from birth in The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) study. CDA was defined as having persistently positive tissue transglutaminase autoantibodies (tTGA). Diagnosis of CD was either biopsy-confirmed or considered likely if having persistently elevated levels of tTGA>100 AU. Of 6627 enrolled children, 1136 developed CDA at a median 3·1 years of age (range 0·9-10) and 409 developed CD at a median 3·9 years of age (range 1·2-11). Use of supplements containing vitamin D, n-3 FA and Fe was recalled by 66, 17 and 94 % of mothers, respectively, at 3-4 months postpartum. The mean cumulative intake over the entire pregnancy was 2014 μg vitamin D (sd 2045 μg), 111 g n-3 FA (sd 303 g) and 8806 mg Fe (sd 7017 mg). After adjusting for country, child's human leucocyte antigen genotype, sex, family history of CD, any breast-feeding duration and household crowding, Cox's proportional hazard ratios did not suggest a statistically significant association between the intake of vitamin D, n-3 FA or Fe, and risk for CDA or CD. Dietary supplementation during pregnancy may help boost nutrient intake, but it is not likely to modify the risk for the disease in the offspring.
AU  - Yang, J.*
AU  - Tamura, R.N.*
AU  - Aronsson, C.A.*
AU  - Uusitalo, U.M.*
AU  - Lernmark, A.*
AU  - Rewers, M.*
AU  - Hagopian, W.A.*
AU  - She, J.X.*
AU  - Toppari, J.*
AU  - TEDDY Study Group (Ziegler, A.-G.
AU  - Beyerlein, A.
AU  - Hummel, M.
AU  - Hummel, S.
AU  - Knopff, A.
AU  - Peplow, C.
AU  - Roth, R.
AU  - Stock, J.
AU  - Strauss, E.
AU  - Warncke, K.
AU  - Winkler, C.)
AU  - Akolkar, B.*
AU  - Krischer, J.P.*
AU  - Norris, J.M.*
AU  - Virtanen, S.M.*
AU  - Agardh, D.*
C1  - 50627
C2  - 42648
CY  - Cambridge
SP  - 466-472
TI  - Maternal use of dietary supplements during pregnancy is not associated with coeliac disease in the offspring: The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) study.
JO  - Br. J. Nutr.
VL  - 117
IS  - 3
PB  - Cambridge Univ Press
PY  - 2017
SN  - 0007-1145
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - High alcohol consumption is an important risk factor for chronic disease and liver degeneration. Paraoxonase (PON1) and arylesterase (AE) are functions of the enzyme paraoxonase, which is synthesised by the liver. Paraoxonase circulates in plasma bound to HDL and hydrolyses lipid peroxides, protecting lipoproteins against oxidative modification. It has been shown that excessive alcohol consumption leads to a reduction of serum PON1 and AE activities; however, studies investigating the association with low and moderate alcohol consumption are scarce. We investigated the cross-sectional association between alcohol consumption and serum activities of PON1 and AE using data from the population-based Bavarian Food Consumption Survey II survey. PON1 and AE activities were quantified in serum samples of 566 male and female study participants (aged 18-80 years), and dietary intake including alcohol consumption was estimated from three 24-h dietary recalls. The association between alcohol consumption and PON1 and AE activities was analysed using linear regression, adjusted for age, sex and socio-economic status. There was no strong association between alcohol consumption and enzymatic activities of PON1 and AE in the Bavarian population. PON1 activity was seen to be lowest in non-drinkers (0 g/d) and highest in people who consumed 15·1-30 g of alcohol/d. AE activity increased across alcohol consumption categories, with a mean maximum difference of 14 U/ml (P for linear trend 0·04). These associations were attenuated after adjustment for blood concentrations of HDL. The results of this study do not support the hypothesis that alcohol consumption is related to important alterations in PON1 and AE activities.
AU  - Schwedhelm, C.*
AU  - Nimptsch, K.*
AU  - Bub, A.*
AU  - Pischon, T.*
AU  - Linseisen, J.
C1  - 47699
C2  - 39563
CY  - Cambridge
SP  - 730-736
TI  - Association between alcohol consumption and serum paraoxonase and arylesterase activities: A cross-sectional study within the Bavarian population.
JO  - Br. J. Nutr.
VL  - 115
IS  - 4
PB  - Cambridge Univ Press
PY  - 2016
SN  - 0007-1145
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - Circulating fetuin-A, a novel marker for hepatic fat accumulation, has been related to a higher risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases in a growing number of prospective studies. However, little is known about dietary determinants of fetuin-A concentrations in the general population. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the association between dietary intake of energy, energy-providing nutrients, alcohol and major food groups and plasma fetuin-A concentrations in the Bavarian Food Consumption Survey II. Dietary intake was assessed by three 24-h dietary recalls, and plasma concentrations of fetuin-A were measured in 558 adults (18-81 years). After multivariable adjustment for lifestyle factors and body fatness, higher energy intake was nonsignificantly associated with higher fetuin-A concentrations (per 2092 kJ/d (500 kcal/d) 3·7 µg/ml, 95 % CI -0·5, 7·8 µg/ml). There was no clear association between energy-providing nutrients and fetuin-A concentrations. Higher alcohol intake was associated with lower fetuin-A concentrations (P trend 0·003): mean fetuin-A concentrations were 324 (95 % CI 313, 335) µg/ml in non-drinkers, and with 293 (95 % CI 281, 306) µg/ml significantly lower in participants who drank ≥30 g alcohol per d. Mean fetuin-A concentrations decreased across quintiles of milk and dairy product intake (lowest quintile 319 (95 % CI 309, 330) µg/ml; highest quintile 304 (95 % CI 293, 314) µg/ml; P trend 0·03), and each 150-g increment in milk/dairy products per d was associated with 5·6 (95 % CI -9·6, -1·5) µg/ml lower fetuin-A. Dietary intakes of vegetables, meat or fish were not associated with fetuin-A concentrations. Because of the preventive potential of our findings, further exploration is warranted.
AU  - Nimptsch, K.*
AU  - Janke, J.*
AU  - Pischon, T.*
AU  - Linseisen, J.
C1  - 46693
C2  - 37724
SP  - 1278-1285
TI  - Association between dietary factors and plasma fetuin-A concentrations in the general population.
JO  - Br. J. Nutr.
VL  - 114
IS  - 8
PY  - 2015
SN  - 0007-1145
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - The aim of the present study was to examine the association between intake of five common antioxidative nutrients from supplements and medications (vitamin E, vitamin C, carotenoids, Se, and Zn) and levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in the general population. For this purpose, a total of 2924 participants of the population-based Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg (KORA) F4 study (2006-8) were investigated cross-sectionally. Intake of dietary supplements and medication during the last 7 d was recorded in a personal interview, when participants were asked to show product packages of ingested preparations. Linear regression models were calculated; first, the exposure to regular nutrient intake was treated with a binary response (yes/no); then regularly ingested amounts were divided into quartiles to examine dose-response relationships. Effect of single v. combined supplementation of antioxidants was assessed through the inclusion of interaction terms into the models. Regular intake of any of the five investigated antioxidants per se was not associated with hs-CRP levels. However, dose-response analyses revealed that participants who regularly ingested more than 78 mg vitamin E/d, which corresponds to the upper quartile, had 22 % lower hs-CRP levels (95 % CI 0·63, 0·97) compared to those of persons who were not exposed to any vitamin E supplementation. Stratified analyses showed that this association was found only in persons who took vitamin E in combination with other antioxidants. The combined supplementation of vitamin E with other antioxidants could thus be a promising strategy for the prevention of inflammation-related diseases in the general population, if further studies could confirm that the proposed association is causal.
AU  - Schwab, S.
AU  - Zierer, A.
AU  - Schneider, A.E.
AU  - Heier, M.
AU  - Koenig, W.*
AU  - Kastenmüller, G.
AU  - Waldenberger, M.
AU  - Peters, A.
AU  - Thorand, B.
C1  - 44460
C2  - 36865
CY  - Cambridge
SP  - 1782-1791
TI  - Vitamin E supplementation is associated with lower levels of C-reactive protein only in higher dosages and combined with other antioxidants: The Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg (KORA) F4 study.
JO  - Br. J. Nutr.
VL  - 113
IS  - 11
PB  - Cambridge Univ Press
PY  - 2015
SN  - 0007-1145
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - Primary school years seem to represent a critical period for the development of overweight and obesity. However, only a few studies have analysed the prospective relationship between dietary patterns and weight status in children. The aims of the present study were to identify dietary patterns at the beginning of and during the primary school period and to examine their relevance to the development of body composition. Nutritional and anthropometric data from 371 participants of the Dortmund Nutritional and Longitudinally Designed (DONALD) Study at the beginning (ages 6 and 7 years) and end (ages 10 and 11 years) of the primary school period were used. Principal component analyses (PCA) were conducted to identify dietary patterns, which were regressed on changes in BMI and fat mass index (FMI) between ages 6 and 7 years and ages 10 and 11 years. Reduced rank regression (RRR) was used to directly extract patterns explaining variation in changes in BMI and FMI between ages 6 and 7 years and ages 10 and 11 years. PCA yielded interpretable patterns of dietary changes at the beginning of and during the primary school period, which were not related to changes in body composition. Conversely, RRR allowed identifying predictive patterns: higher baseline intakes of white bread and lower baseline intakes of whole-grain products as well as increases in the consumption of savoury snacks, sausages and cheese during primary school years independently predicted increases in BMI and FMI during the primary school period. In conclusion, selection of unfavourable carbohydrate sources at the beginning of the primary school period and increases in the consumption of processed savoury foods during primary school years may adversely affect the development of body composition during the course of primary school.
AU  - Diethelm, K.*
AU  - Günther, A.L.*
AU  - Schulze, M.B.*
AU  - Standl, M.
AU  - Heinrich, J.
AU  - Buyken, A.E.*
C1  - 29171
C2  - 32825
CY  - Cambridge
SP  - 1488-1498
TI  - Prospective relevance of dietary patterns at the beginning and during the course of primary school to the development of body composition.
JO  - Br. J. Nutr.
VL  - 111
IS  - 8
PB  - Cambridge Univ Press
PY  - 2014
SN  - 0007-1145
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - High-fat, high-carbohydrate (HFHC) meals induce an inflammatory response in mononuclear cells (MNC). Here, we studied the interaction between metabolic and inflammatory signalling pathways by the measurement of postprandial effects of three different test meals on intracellular Akt, S6 kinase (S6K)/mammalian target of rapamycin and NF-κB signalling in human MNC. We recruited six healthy, lean individuals. Each individual ingested three different meals in the morning separated by at least 3 d: a HFHC meal; an oral lipid-tolerance test meal; a healthy breakfast. Blood samples were obtained before and 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 h after ingestion. Plasma insulin and IL-6 levels were measured. Intracellular metabolic and inflammatory signalling pathways were assessed by measuring the phosphorylation of Akt kinase and S6K, the degradation of inhibitory κB-α (IκB-α) protein and the DNA binding activity of NF-κB in MNC. mRNA expression levels of the Akt and NF-κB target genes Mn superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), CC-chemokine-receptor 5 (CCR5), intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) were measured by quantitative RT-PCR. We found a positive correlation of Akt phosphorylation with NF-κB activation (NF-κB binding activity: r 0·4500, P= 0·0003; IκB-α protein levels: r - 0·5435, P< 0·0001), a negative correlation of plasma insulin levels with NF-κB binding activity (r - 0·3993, P= 0·0016) and a positive correlation of plasma insulin levels with S6K activation (r 0·4786, P< 0·0001). The activation of Akt and pro-inflammatory NF-κB signalling was supported by the up-regulation of the respective target genes MnSOD and CCR5. In conclusion, the present data suggest a postprandial interaction between the metabolic and inflammatory signalling pathways Akt and NF-κB in MNC.
AU  - Ehlers, K.
AU  - Brand, T.
AU  - Bangert, A.*
AU  - Hauner, H.
AU  - Laumen, H.
C1  - 30817
C2  - 33893
CY  - Cambridge
SP  - 2167-2175
TI  - Postprandial activation of metabolic and inflammatory signalling pathways in human peripheral mononuclear cells.
JO  - Br. J. Nutr.
VL  - 111
IS  - 12
PB  - Cambridge Univ Press
PY  - 2014
SN  - 0007-1145
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - In the present study, we investigated whether n-6 and n-3 long-chain PUFA (LC-PUFA) concentrations in cord blood (CB) serum are associated with BMI up to 10 years of age, after accounting for LC-PUFA composition at 2, 6 and 10 years. The study was based on 388 participants of the German LISAplus (Influence of Lifestyle-Related Factors on the Immune System and the Development of Allergies in Childhood Plus the Influence of Traffic Emissions and Genetics) birth cohort study carried out in Munich. BMI was measured at 2, 6 and 10 years of age. Serum phospholipid fatty acid concentrations were measured by GC in CB and in blood collected at 2, 6 and 10 years of age. The association between n-3 LC-PUFA and n-6 LC-PUFA concentrations and n-6:n-3 LC-PUFA ratio in CB serum glycerophospholipids and BMI z-scores was assessed using linear mixed models adjusted for LC-PUFA composition at follow-up and potential confounders. Interaction terms between time of follow-up and LC-PUFA concentrations in CB were included. There was no consistent association between n-6 and n-3 LC-PUFA concentrations in CB and BMI over time. However, there was a significant interaction between n-6:n-3 LC-PUFA ratio in CB and time of follow-up with respect to BMI (P= 0·0415): a negative effect at 2 years; no effect at 6 years; a positive effect at 10 years. BMI up to 10 years of age may be influenced by the n-6:n-3 ratio in CB serum glycerophospholipids in a time-varying fashion. The present results thereby highlight the importance of considering age when examining associations between fatty acid concentrations and BMI.
AU  - Standl, M.
AU  - Thiering, E.
AU  - Demmelmair, H.*
AU  - Koletzko, B.*
AU  - Heinrich, J.
C1  - 30562
C2  - 33706
CY  - Cambridge
SP  - 2024-2031
TI  - Age-dependent effects of cord blood long-chain PUFA composition on BMI during the first 10 years of life.
JO  - Br. J. Nutr.
VL  - 111
IS  - 11
PB  - Cambridge Univ Press
PY  - 2014
SN  - 0007-1145
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - Fetal supply with long-chain PUFA (LC-PUFA) during pregnancy is important for brain growth and visual and cognitive development and is provided by materno-fetal placental transfer. We recently showed that maternal fatty acid desaturase (FADS) genotypes modulate the amounts of LC-PUFA in maternal blood. Whether FADS genotypes influence the amounts of umbilical cord fatty acids has not been investigated until now. The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of maternal and child FADS genotypes on the amounts of LC-PUFA in umbilical cord venous plasma as an indicator of fetal fatty acid supply during pregnancy. A total of eleven cord plasma n-6 and n-3 fatty acids were analysed for association with seventeen FADS gene cluster SNP in over 2000 mothers and children from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. In a multivariable analysis, the maternal genotype effect was adjusted for the child genotype and vice versa to estimate which of the two has the stronger influence on cord plasma fatty acids. Both maternal and child FADS genotypes and haplotypes influenced amounts of cord plasma LC-PUFA and fatty acid ratios. Specifically, most analysed maternal SNP were associated with cord plasma levels of the precursor n-6 PUFA, whereas the child genotypes were mainly associated with more highly desaturated n-6 LC-PUFA. This first study on FADS genotypes and cord fatty acids suggests that fetal LC-PUFA status is determined to some extent by fetal fatty acid conversion. Associations of particular haplotypes suggest specific effects of SNP rs498793 and rs968567 on fatty acid metabolism.
AU  - Lattka, E.
AU  - Koletzko, B.*
AU  - Zeilinger, S.
AU  - Hibbeln, J.R.*
AU  - Klopp, N.
AU  - Ring, S.M.*
AU  - Steer, C.D.*
C1  - 11404
C2  - 30651
SP  - 1196-1210
TI  - Umbilical cord PUFA are determined by maternal and child fatty acid desaturase (FADS) genetic variants in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC).
JO  - Br. J. Nutr.
VL  - 109
IS  - 7
PB  - Cambridge Univ. Press
PY  - 2013
SN  - 0007-1145
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - Although there are indications for modulatory effects of PUFA on associations between SNP and obesity risk, scientific evidence in human subjects is still scarce. The present analyses investigated interaction effects between SNP in candidate genes for obesity and PUFA in erythrocyte membranes on obesity risk. Within the second Bavarian Food Consumption Survey (cross-sectional, population-based), 568 adults provided blood samples. Fatty acid composition of erythrocyte membranes was analysed by means of GC. Genotyping was performed for twenty-one genes, including cytokines, adipokines, neurotransmitters and transcription factors. In addition, plasma IL-6 concentrations were analysed. For the statistical analysis, a logistic regression model assuming additive genetic effects was chosen. About 20 % of the study participants were classified as obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m(2)). Several significant gene-PUFA interactions were found, indicating regulatory effects of PUFA by gene variants of IL-2, IL-6, IL-18, TNF receptor family member 1B and 21, leptin receptor and adiponectin on obesity risk. After stratification by genotype, the strongest effects were found for rs2069779 (IL-2) and all tested PUFA as well as for rs1800795 (IL-6) and linoleic or arachidonic acid. The obesity risk of minor allele carriers significantly decreased with increasing fatty acid content. The genetic PUFA-IL-6 interaction was also reflected in plasma IL-6 concentrations. If replicated in a prospective study with sufficient statistical power, the results would indicate a beneficial effect of high PUFA supply for a substantial proportion of the population with respect to obesity risk.
AU  - Jourdan, C.
AU  - Kloiber, S.*
AU  - Nieters, A.*
AU  - Seiler, H.*
AU  - Himmerich, H.*
AU  - Kohli, M.A.*
AU  - Lucae, S.*
AU  - Wolfram, G.*
AU  - Gieger, C.
AU  - Wichmann, H.-E.
AU  - Linseisen, J.
C1  - 6885
C2  - 29395
SP  - 1263-1272
TI  - Gene-PUFA interactions and obesity risk.
JO  - Br. J. Nutr.
VL  - 106
IS  - 8
PB  - Cambridge Univ Press
PY  - 2011
SN  - 0007-1145
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - Dietary patterns offer an alternative to the analysis of individual foods or nutrients in nutritional epidemiological studies. The aim of the present study was to identify dietary patterns common to different European countries and examine their associations with asthma. In five study centres (two in Germany, two in the UK and one in Norway), 1174 adults aged 29-55 years completed a FFQ and respiratory symptoms questionnaire. A meta-analytic approach was used to identify the dietary patterns and analyse them in relation to current asthma, asthma symptoms and bronchial responsiveness (BHR). Two patterns emerged, generally correlating with the same foods at different centres: one associated with intake of meats and potatoes; the other with fish, fruits and vegetables. There was no evidence that the fish, fruits and vegetables pattern was associated with asthma (OR 1.11 (95 % CI 0.93, 1.33)), symptom score (ratio of means 1.07 (0.98, 1.17)) or BHR (regression coefficient - 0.01 ( - 0.12, 0.10)), though these CI appeared to rule out large protective effects of consuming these foods. There was no overall evidence that the meat and potato pattern was associated with asthma (OR 1.02 (0.79, 1.31)), symptom score (ratio of means 1.07 (0.84, 1.36)) or BHR (regression coefficient - 0.08 ( - 0.27, 0.10)), but there was heterogeneity between centres in the association with symptom score: a negative association at the two German centres; a positive association at the others. Heterogeneity in a multi-centre observational study of diet could suggest alternative explanations for apparent effects of diet, such as uncontrolled confounding.
AU  - Hooper, R.*
AU  - Heinrich, J.
AU  - Omenaas, E.*
AU  - Sausenthaler, S.
AU  - Garcia-Larsen, V.*
AU  - Bakolis, I.*
AU  - Burney, P.*
C1  - 3239
C2  - 27382
SP  - 1354-1365
TI  - Dietary patterns and risk of asthma: Results from three countries in European Community Respiratory Health Survey-II.
JO  - Br. J. Nutr.
VL  - 103
IS  - 9
PB  - Cambridge Univ. Press
PY  - 2010
SN  - 0007-1145
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - Cross-sectional studies suggest that dietary supplement use is associated with favourable demographic and lifestyle factors and certain health conditions. However, factors that affect the consistency of supplement use have not been investigated in prospective cohort studies. The aim of the present study was to seek baseline demographic, lifestyle and health-status predictors of subsequent consistent vitamin and/or mineral supplement use. A total of 8968 men and 10 672 women of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Heidelberg cohort, who answered the supplement-use questions in the baseline survey and two follow-up surveys, were categorised into three groups: consistent, inconsistent and never users. At baseline, 28.5% of men and 38.6% of women reported vitamin and/or mineral supplement use. After a median follow-up of 8.5 years, 14.6% of men and 22.9% of women were consistent users. During follow-up, 36.0% of male and 26.6% of female initial users stopped supplement use, whereas 27.8% of male and 39.4% of female initial non-users started supplement use. Women were more likely to be consistent users than men. Older age (>= 50 years), lower BMI (<25 kg/m(2)) and self-reported hyperlipidaemia were common predictors of consistent use for both sexes. Additional predictors included higher educational level for men, and being more physically active and higher lifetime alcohol consumption for women. Consistent users had the highest intake of dairy products, fish, fruits and vegetables, and wine but the lowest intake of total meat. We concluded that supplement use is a fairly unstable behaviour in free-living individuals. Individuals with a favourable lifestyle and healthier diet are more likely to show consistent supplementation.
AU  - Li, K.*
AU  - Kaaks, R.*
AU  - Linseisen, J.
AU  - Rohrmann, S.*
C1  - 1088
C2  - 27999
CY  - Cambridge
SP  - 1058-1064
TI  - Consistency of vitamin and/or mineral supplement use and demographic, lifestyle and health-status predictors: Findings from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Heidelberg cohort.
JO  - Br. J. Nutr.
VL  - 104
IS  - 7
PB  - Cambridge Univ. Press
PY  - 2010
SN  - 0007-1145
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - The present study gives further evidence for the recently found association between variants of the fatty acid desaturase 1 fatty acid desaturase 2 (FADS1 FADS2) gene cluster and PUFA in blood phospholipids and explores this association for cellular fatty acids in erythrocyte membranes. In a subgroup of adults participating in the Bavarian Nutrition Survey 11, a cross-sectional population-based study conducted in Bavaria, Germany, allelic variation in three selected loci of the FADS1 FADS2 gene cluster was analysed and used for haplotype construction. Associations with plasma phospholipid PUFA (it 163) and PUFA in erythrocyte membranes (n 535) were investigated by regression analysis. All haplotypes of the original five-loci haplotypes of our previous study could be replicated. In addition, associations with serum phospholipid PUFA were confirmed in the present data set. Although less pronounced, associations between FADS1 FADS2 haplotypes and PUFA in erythrocyte membranes, particularly arachidonic and dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid, could be established. We provide the first replication of the association of the FADS1 FADS2 gene cluster with PUFA in blood phospholipids. For the first time, such associations were also shown for PUFA in cell membranes.
AU  - Rzehak, P.
AU  - Heinrich, J.
AU  - Klopp, N.
AU  - Schaeffer, L.
AU  - Hoff, S.*
AU  - Wolfram, G.*
AU  - Illig, T.
AU  - Linseisen, J.
C1  - 1129
C2  - 26117
SP  - 20-26
TI  - Evidence for an association between genetic variants of the fatty acid desaturase 1 fatty acid desaturase 2 ( FADS1 FADS2) gene cluster and the fatty acid composition of erythrocyte membranes.
JO  - Br. J. Nutr.
VL  - 101
IS  - 1
PB  - Cambridge Univ Press
PY  - 2009
SN  - 0007-1145
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - Dietary fat intake in pregnancy and lactation affects pregnancy outcomes and child growth, development and health. The European Commission charged the research project PERILIP, jointly with the Early Nutrition Programming Project, to develop recommendations on dietary fat intake in pregnancy and lactation. Literature reviews were performed and a consensus conference held with international experts in the field, including representatives of international scientific associations. The adopted conclusions include: dietary fat intake in pregnancy and lactation (energy%) should be as recommended for the general population; pregnant and lactating women should aim to achieve an average dietary intake of at least 200 mg DHA/d; intakes of up to 1 g/d DHA or 2.7 g/d n-3 long-chain PUFA have been used in randomized clinical trials without significant adverse effects; women of childbearing age should aim to consume one to two portions of sea fish per week, including oily fish; intake of the DHA precursor, alpha-linolenic acid, is far less effective with regard to DHA deposition in fetal brain than preformed DHA; intake of fish or other sources of long-chain n-3 fatty acids results in a slightly longer pregnancy duration; dietary inadequacies should be screened for during pregnancy and individual counselling be offered if needed.
AU  - Koletzko, B.*
AU  - Cetin, I.*
AU  - Brenna, J.T.*
AU  - Heinrich, J.
C1  - 1858
C2  - 25010
SP  - 873-877
TI  - Dietary fat intakes for pregnant and lactating women.
JO  - Br. J. Nutr.
VL  - 98
IS  - 5
PB  - Cambridge Univ. Press
PY  - 2007
SN  - 0007-1145
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Calder, P.C.*
AU  - Krauss-Etschmann, S.
AU  - de Jong, E.C.*
AU  - Dupont, C.*
AU  - Frick, J.S.*
AU  - Frokiaer, H.*
AU  - Heinrich, J.
AU  - Garn, H.*
AU  - Koletzko, S.*
AU  - Lack, G.*
AU  - Mattelio, G.*
AU  - Renz, H.*
AU  - Sangild, P.T.*
AU  - Schrezenmeir, J.*
AU  - Stulnig, T.M.*
AU  - Thymann, T.*
AU  - Wold, A.E.*
AU  - Koletzko, B.*
C1  - 1425
C2  - 24195
SP  - 774-790
TI  - Early nutrition and immunity - progress and perspectives.
JO  - Br. J. Nutr.
VL  - 96
PY  - 2006
SN  - 0007-1145
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sausenthaler, S.
AU  - Kohlhammer, Y.
AU  - Schäffer, L.
AU  - Heinrich, J.
AU  - Koletzko, S.*
AU  - Koletzko, B.*
C1  - 3292
C2  - 23797
SP  - 607-608
TI  - Genetically determined lower bitter-taste sensitivity in Africans?
JO  - Br. J. Nutr.
VL  - 96
PY  - 2006
SN  - 0007-1145
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - The dietary intake of certain fatty acids might contribute to the development of allergic diseases such as hay fever and asthma. We investigated the as soci- ation between the concentrations of fifteen fatty acids in serum phospholipids, as a marker of dietary intake and metabolism, and hay fever, allergic s en- sitisation and total IgE in adults. Data from a population-based cross-sectional study on respiratory health, including the measurement of fatty ac ids in the serum phospholipids of 740 adults between 20 and 64 years of age, were analysed. Positive associations were found between hay fever and arachidonic ac id, and allergic sensitisation and oleic acid. No other fatty acids showed any association with hay fever or allergic sensitisation. Elevated levels of t otal IgE were not related to fatty acids. Concentrations of long-chain n -3 fatty acids, trans fatty acids or saturated fatty acids in serum phospholipids were not associated with allergic diseases in adults in this study. The present result on the association between hay fever and arachidonic acid is consistent with curren t hypoth- eses but warrants further research.
AU  - Kompauer, I.
AU  - Demmelmair, H.*
AU  - Koletzko, B.*
AU  - Bolte, G.*
AU  - Linseisen, J.*
AU  - Heinrich, J.
C1  - 2642
C2  - 23411
SP  - 529-535
TI  - Association of fatty acids in serum phospholipids with hay fever, specific and total immunoglobulin E.
JO  - Br. J. Nutr.
VL  - 93
PY  - 2005
SN  - 0007-1145
ER  -