TY  - JOUR
AB  - Suwannee River natural organic matter (SRNOM) is a well-known end member of NOM from an aquatic system, and is a reference material of the International Humic Substances Society (IHSS). In May 2012, an expedition to the Suwannee River to replenish this reference material yielded over 6kg of freeze-dried NOM. The quantity of isolated NOM was unprecedented, easily exceeding the combined recoveries of the standard and reference samples that were collected by the IHSS from the Suwannee River in 1983, 1999, and 2003. The NOM was acquired from 36,890L of filtered river water, which was concentrated 40-fold on-site using two portable reverse osmosis (RO) systems. After RO, the concentrated sample was desalted by cation exchange (CEX), freeze dried, and homogenized. Overall yield of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) was 84.2%, which is slightly lower than the yield of 88% in 1999 when RO and CEX were used to isolate the first sample of SRNOM, which is designated 1R101N. The final NOM sample supplied to the IHSS, which is designated 2R101N, contains only 3.89% inorganic ash, which reasonably allows most chemical analyses. Average river DOC concentration of 82.7mg/L was higher than during prior sampling trips, which contributed to the his- torically high recovery of NOM. Increased DOC concentration may be related to the removal of water control structures from the river. This article describes the methods of isolation used in collecting the 2R101N reference sample as background for other articles in this special issue of Environmental Engineering Science and for future researchers who will use this IHSS sample.
AU  - Green, N.W.*
AU  - McInnis, D.*
AU  - Hertkorn, N.
AU  - Maurice, P.A.*
AU  - Perdue, E.M.*
C1  - 42797
C2  - 35338
CY  - New Rochelle
SP  - 38-44
TI  - Suwannee River natural organic matter: Isolation of the 2R101N reference sample by reverse osmosis.
JO  - Environ. Eng. Sci.
VL  - 32
IS  - 1
PB  - Mary Ann Liebert, Inc
PY  - 2015
SN  - 1092-8758
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - The 10th International Congress on Combustion Byproducts and their Health Effects was held in Ischia, Italy, from June 17–20, 2007. It is sponsored by the US NIEHS, NSF, Coalition for Responsible Waste Incineration (CRWI), and Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI). The congress focused on: the origin, characterization, and health impacts of combustion-generated fine and ultrafine particles; emissions of mercury and dioxins, and the development/application of novel analytical/diagnostic tools. The consensus of the discussion was that particle-associated organics, metals, and persistent free radicals (PFRs) produced by combustion sources are the likely source of the observed health impacts of airborne PM rather than simple physical irritation of the particles. Ultrafine particle-induced oxidative stress is a likely progenitor of the observed health impacts, but important biological and chemical details and possible catalytic cycles remain unresolved. Other key conclusions were: (1) In urban settings, 70% of airborne fine particles are a result of combustion emissions and 50% are due to primary emissions from combustion sources, (2) In addition to soot, combustion produces one, possibly two, classes of nanoparticles with mean diameters of 10 nm and 1 nm. (3) The most common metrics used to describe particle toxicity, viz. surface area, sulfate concentration, total carbon, and organic carbon, cannot fully explain observed health impacts, (4) Metals contained in combustion-generated ultrafine and fine particles mediate formation of toxic air pollutants such as PCDD/F and PFRs. (5) The combination of metal-containing nanoparticles, organic carbon compounds, and PFRs can lead to a cycle generating oxidative stress in exposed organisms.
AU  - Dellinger, B.*
AU  - D'Alessio, A.*
AU  - D'Anna, A.*
AU  - Ciajolo, A.*
AU  - Gullett, B.*
AU  - Henry, H.*
AU  - Keener, M.*
AU  - Lighty, J.*
AU  - Lomnicki, S.*
AU  - Lucas, D.*
AU  - Oberdorste, G.*
AU  - Pitea, D.*
AU  - Suk, W.*
AU  - Sarofim, A.*
AU  - Smith, K.R.*
AU  - Stöger, T.
AU  - Tolbert, P.*
AU  - Wyzga, R.*
AU  - Zimmermann, R.
C1  - 3313
C2  - 25717
SP  - 1107-1114
TI  - Combustion Byproducts and Their Health Effects: Summary of the 10th International Congress.
JO  - Environ. Eng. Sci.
VL  - 25
IS  - 8
PB  - Liebert
PY  - 2008
SN  - 1092-8758
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - The former salt mine Asse II, in the ownership of the GSF-National Research Centre for Environment and Health, is a test disposal facility for low and intermediate level radioactive waste. After the research and development activities were completed, the mine was filled with residual salt material. Microseismic measurements have been performed in the Asse Research Mine since 1980. Until the final closure of the mine, which is expected in 2017, it is planned to fill the mine additionally with MgCl2-rich brine. This is necessary to avoid a possible reliquidating process in larger sizes in the mine which would cause instability of its structural system. To enable that the microseismic monitoring system runs reliably in a salt fluid environment, new three components geophone-probes have been constructed. This is important for the ongoing observation of the geomechanical behavior response during the operational phase of the mine and for the safe work in the mine until the final closure. The renewal process has to be performed in stages without any loss of data. Twelve of these new stations, which are about half of the total number of the existing ones, have already been installed during the last year. Some of the new probes operated in parallel to the old stations. The new probes measure the microseismic activities in the mine and its close environment within a few of hundred meters accurately. The evaluation of the data includes source location, analysis and interpretation of the microseismic events. The results show the microcracking activity in the excavation damaged zone and the stabilizing effect of the filling with saline material clearly.
AU  - Fricke, H.
C1  - 32941
C2  - 35801
SP  - 540-547
TI  - New instrumentation of microseismic monitoring system in the asse research mine in Germany.
JO  - Environ. Eng. Sci.
VL  - 1
PY  - 2007
SN  - 1092-8758
ER  -