TY  - JOUR
AB  - The concentrations of 28 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in the urban air of Dalian, China were measured using semipermeable membrane devices (SPMDs) for the first time. Alpha-hexachlorocyclohexane (α-HCH), β-HCH, pentachlorobenzene (PentCB), hexachlorobenzene (HexCB), 4,4′-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (4,4′-DDT), 4,4′-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethene, endosulfan-I and endosulfan-II were the predominant OCPs in the urban air of Dalian. The concentration of OCPs sequestrated by SPMDs (CSPMD) ranged from undetected to 56,772 pg SPMD-1 and had a linear correlation with the reciprocal of the average ambient atmospheric temperature (1/T). The CSPMD of PentCB and HexCB had negative correlations with T, whereas the other detected OCPs had a positive correlation. The source of HCHs, DDTs, HexCB, PentCB, chlordane, and endosulfan in the air were also evaluated. The OCPs in the urban air of Dalian could be attributed to the seasonal usage of pesticides, combustion, volatilization of aged OCPs from soil, water, plants, and long-range atmospheric transport.
AU  - Zhu, X.*
AU  - Shi, T.*
AU  - Henkelmann, B.
AU  - Pfister, G.
AU  - Wang, W.*
AU  - Mu, J.*
AU  - Schramm, K.-W.
C1  - 31580
C2  - 34581
CY  - Beijing
SP  - 2957-2965
TI  - Monitoring of organochlorine pesticides in the urban air of Dalian, China with semipermeable membrane devices.
JO  - Chin. Sci. Bull.
VL  - 59
IS  - 24
PB  - Science Press
PY  - 2014
SN  - 1001-6538
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - PCDD/Fs in the urban air of Dalian, China were monitored with high-volume active sampler from November 2009 to October 2010. The concentration of Cl4-8DD/Fs ranged from 3065 to 49538 fg m(-3), with an average of 10249 fg m(-3). The international toxic equivalents (I-TEQ) value of that was 61.8-1182 fg m(-3), with an average of 235 fg m(-3), which was comparable to those in the other urban locations around the world. It was found that the Cl4-8DD/Fs appeared to be present mainly in the particle phase during winter, spring and autumn, while during summer which were dominantly in gas phase. The ratio of Cl4-8DD/Fs present in particle phase increased with the increasing level of chlorination. The concentrations of PCDFs and PCDDs decreased with the increase of chlorinated level, while the concentrations of 2,3,7,8-PCDDs congeners increased with the increase of chlorination level. The homolog profiles of the concentrations of PCDFs presented were higher than those of the PCDDs, which indicated the PCDD/Fs pollution source of the air in Dalian was characteristic for thermal source pollution. The correlation analysis of meteorological parameters with the concentrations of Cl4-8CDD/Fs was conducted using SPSS packages, and it was found that the ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure were important factors influence the concentration of PCDD/Fs in the air. The respiratory risk and intake dioxins of the residents around the sampling sites were studied in the paper. It was found that Junge-Pankow model was much more accurate in predicting the gas-particle partitioning behavior of PCDD/Fs homologues during winter, while the Harner-Bidleman model shows better agreement with the measured data during winter and summer.
AU  - Qin, S.*
AU  - Zhu, X.*
AU  - Wang, W.*
AU  - Chen, J.*
AU  - Ni, Y.*
AU  - Li, X.*
AU  - Mu, J.*
AU  - Xu, Q.*
AU  - Schramm, K.-W.
C1  - 10448
C2  - 30243
SP  - 3442-3451
TI  - Concentrations and gas-particle partitioning of PCDD/Fs in the urban air of Dalian, China.
JO  - Chin. Sci. Bull.
VL  - 57
IS  - 26
PB  - Science Press
PY  - 2012
SN  - 1001-6538
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - Organochlorine pesticides (OCP) were monitored at the Weissfluhjoch site (Switzerland) and the top of Mt. Sonnblick (Austria) with a low volume active air sampler and semipermeable membrane devices (SPMD). The air sampling rates (R (air)) of the SPMD for OCP were calculated. Statistical tests showed that there was no significant difference between R (air) at the two different sampling sites. Quantitative structure-property relationship (QSPR) models of the R (air) of the SPMD were developed for OCP using partial least square (PLS) regression. Quantum chemical descriptors computed by the semi-empirical PM6 method were used as predictor variables. The cumulative variance of the dependent variable explained by the PLS components and determined by cross-validation (Q (2) (cum)) was > 0.818 for each optimal model. This indicates that the model has good predictive ability and robustness. The R (air) of the SPMD for OCP is related to the total energy, the van der Waals area and the total dipole moment of the OCP molecules. The main factors governing R (air) values of OCP are intermolecular interactions and the energy required for cavity-formation in dissolution of OCP into triolein of the SPMD. The linear correlation coefficient between predicted and experimental values were all > 0.921.
AU  - Zhu, X.H.*
AU  - Ding, G.H.*
AU  - Levy, W.
AU  - Jakobi, G.
AU  - Offenthaler, I.*
AU  - Moche, W.*
AU  - Weiss, P.*
AU  - Schramm, K.-W.
C1  - 5270
C2  - 28642
SP  - 1884-1889
TI  - QSPR study about sampling rates of semipermeable membrane devices for monitoring of organochlorine pesticides in Alps air.
JO  - Chin. Sci. Bull.
VL  - 56
IS  - 18
PB  - Science China Press
PY  - 2011
SN  - 1001-6538
ER  -