TY  - JOUR
AB  - UNLABELLED: This study assessed the dietary intake of European children by country, gender, and obesity degree across six European countries participating in the Feel4Diabetes study. It also compared food group intakes with European food-based dietary guidelines. The Feel4Diabetes study included 9,847 children (50.4% girls) from six European countries. Families provided baseline data on energy balance-related behaviors and socioeconomic factors via questionnaires. Children's dietary intake and breakfast consumption were assessed using semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaires, and anthropometric measurements were taken. Intake from 11 food groups was analyzed by country, gender, and obesity degree. Chi-square analyses compared food intake with dietary guidelines. "Nutrient-dense " foods (e.g., fruits, vegetables, whole grains) and "energy-dense, low-nutrient" foods (e.g., high in added sugars, saturated fats) were categorized based on the European food-based guideline. Over 85% of children consumed breakfast 5-7 days a week, with no significant differences by Body Mass Index (BMI) or country. Mean intakes of nutrient-dense food groups fell below recommendations, while the intake of energy-dense, low-nutrient foods exceeded limits, particularly in children with overweight/obesity (p = 0.048). No significant gender differences were observed in most food groups. CONCLUSIONS:  Dietary intake varied by country and obesity degree among European children. Across the six countries, children's diets did not align with food-based dietary guidelines. These findings underscore the need for interventions promoting healthier eating habits among European children. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The Feel4Diabetes-study is registered with the clinical trials registry (NCT02393872),  http://clinicaltrials.gov What is Known: • Childhood obesity is a growing concern across Europe, with some variations in food consumption observed between European countries • Previous studies have highlighted the role of diet in childhood obesity, but few have examined cross-country comparisons while accounting for gender and BMI status. WHAT IS NEW: • This study provides a comprehensive cross-country analysis of children's dietary intake, considering gender, BMI status, and adherence to European dietary guidelines. • New insights into gender differences in sweets consumption and the positive association between BMI and food intake (such as soft drinks and sweets) are presented, which can inform targeted dietary interventions.
AU  - Mahmood, L.*
AU  - Moreno, L.A.*
AU  - Schwarz, P.E.
AU  - Willems, R.*
AU  - Cardon, G.*
AU  - Hilal, S.*
AU  - Rurik, I.*
AU  - Iotova, V.*
AU  - Bazdarska, Y.*
AU  - Dimova, R.*
AU  - Anastasiou, K.*
AU  - Manios, Y.*
AU  - Gonzalez-Gil, E.M.*
C1  - 73548
C2  - 57092
CY  - One New York Plaza, Suite 4600, New York, Ny, United States
TI  - A snapshot of country-specific dietary habits and obesity in European children: The Feel4Diabetes study.
JO  - Eur. J. Pediatr.
VL  - 184
IS  - 3
PB  - Springer
PY  - 2025
SN  - 0340-6199
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - A family meal is defined as a meal consumed together by the members of a
       family or by having ≥ 1 parent present during a meal. The frequency of 
      family meals has been associated with healthier food intake patterns in 
      both children and parents. This study aimed to investigate in families 
      at high risk for developing type 2 diabetes across Europe the 
      association (i) between family meals' frequency and food consumption and
       diet quality among parents and (ii) between family meals' frequency and
       children's food consumption. Moreover, the study aimed to elucidate the
       mediating effect of parental diet quality on the association between 
      family meals' frequency and children's food consumption. Food 
      consumption frequency and anthropometric were collected 
      cross-sectionally from a representative sample of 1964 families from the
       European Feel4Diabetes-study. Regression and mediation analyses were 
      applied by gender of children. Positive and significant associations 
      were found between the frequency of family meals and parental food 
      consumption (β = 0.84; 95% CI 0.57, 1.45) and diet quality (β = 0.30; 
      95% CI 0.19, 0.42). For children, more frequent family meals were 
      significantly associated with healthier food consumption (boys, β = 
      0.172, p < 0.05; girls, β = 0.114, p < 0.01). A partial mediation 
      effect of the parental diet quality was shown on the association between
       the frequency of family meals and the consumption of some selected food
       items (i.e., milk products and salty snacks) among boys and girls. The 
      strongest mediation effect of parental diet quality was found on the 
      association between the frequency of family breakfast and the 
      consumption of salty snacks and milk and milk products (62.5% and 37.5%,
       respectively) among girls.
AU  - Mahmood, L.*
AU  - Gonzalez-Gil, E.M.*
AU  - Schwarz, P.E.
AU  - Herrmann, S.*
AU  - Karaglani, E.*
AU  - Cardon, G.*
AU  - De Vylder, F.*
AU  - Willems, R.*
AU  - Makrilakis, K.*
AU  - Liatis, S.*
AU  - Iotova, V.*
AU  - Tsochev, K.*
AU  - Tankova, T.*
AU  - Rurik, I.*
AU  - Rado, S.*
AU  - Moreno, L.A.*
AU  - Manios, Y.*
C1  - 64761
C2  - 52068
SP  - 2523-2534
TI  - Frequency of family meals and food consumption in families at high risk of type 2 diabetes: The Feel4Diabetes-study.
JO  - Eur. J. Pediatr.
VL  - 181
IS  - 6
PY  - 2022
SN  - 0340-6199
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - UNLABELLED: Utilization of Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) among children/adolescents is popular. This review summarizes the international findings for prevalence and predictors of CAM use among children/adolescents. We therefore systematically searched four electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, AMED; last update in 07/2013) and reference lists of existing reviews and all included studies. Publications without language restriction reporting patterns of CAM utilization among children/adolescents without chronic conditions were selected for inclusion. The prevalence rates for overall CAM use, homeopathy, and herbal drug use were extracted with a focus on country and recall period (lifetime, 1 year, current use). As predictors, we extracted socioeconomic factors, child's age, and gender. The database search and citation tracking yielded 58 eligible studies from 19 countries. There was strong variation regarding study quality. Prevalence rates for overall CAM use ranged from 10.9-87.6 % for lifetime use and from 8-48.5 % for current use. The respective percentages for homeopathy (highest in Germany, United Kingdom, and Canada) ranged from 0.8-39 % (lifetime) and from 1-14.3 % (current). Herbal drug use (highest in Germany, Turkey, and Brazil) was reported for 0.8-85.5 % (lifetime) and 2.2-8.9 % (current) of the children/adolescents. Studies provided a relatively uniform picture of the predictors of overall CAM use (higher parental income and education, older children), but only a few studies analyzed predictors for single CAM modalities. CONCLUSION: CAM use is widespread among children/adolescents. Prevalence rates vary widely regarding CAM modality, country, and reported recall period.
AU  - Italia, S.
AU  - Wolfenstetter, S.B.
AU  - Teuner, C.M.
C1  - 32575
C2  - 35128
CY  - New York
SP  - 1413-1428
TI  - Patterns of Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) use in children: A systematic review.
JO  - Eur. J. Pediatr.
VL  - 173
IS  - 11
PB  - Springer
PY  - 2014
SN  - 0340-6199
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - A 3-year-old girl showed fine, sparse, and brittle scalp hair without signs of cicatricial cutaneous alterations. Dermoscopy as well as scanning electron microscopy revealed elliptical nodes as well as constricted regions along the hair shaft.
AU  - Möhrenschlager, M.*
AU  - Weichenmeier, I.*
AU  - Lauener, R.*
AU  - Worret, W.-I.
AU  - Ring, J.
AU  - Behrendt, H.
C1  - 5264
C2  - 27876
SP  - 127-128
TI  - Acquired nonscarring diffuse hair loss in a 3-year-old girl.
JO  - Eur. J. Pediatr.
VL  - 170
IS  - 1
PB  - Springer
PY  - 2011
SN  - 0340-6199
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - We report on a boy with a sudden onset of unilateral skin lesions following tonsillar infection with fever 2 weeks before. The lesions consisted of erythematous macules with scaling affecting trunk, axillar, as well as inguinal region. CRP, blood differential, serum IgG and IgM antibodies (coxsackievirus, cytomegalovirus, parvovirus, herpes virus, varicella zoster virus, human herpesvirus-6/-7), and lesional swabs (bacteria, dermatophytes, yeasts) were uneventful.
AU  - Möhrenschlager, M.*
AU  - Ring, J.
AU  - Lauener, R.*
C1  - 6395
C2  - 28605
SP  - 539-540
TI  - A boy with a one-sided red rash.
JO  - Eur. J. Pediatr.
VL  - 170
IS  - 4
PB  - Springer
PY  - 2011
SN  - 0340-6199
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - Childhood wheezing is a common condition associated with asthma, but the term is often misapplied. The present study aimed to investigate the prognostic values of specific respiratory sounds for asthma onset in adolescence. In a prospective study, six specific respiratory sounds were evaluated for their prediction of asthma. Parents were asked for respiratory sounds of their initially asthma-free children and to describe them in specified terms. Self-reported doctor-diagnosed asthma of 1,569 children aged 5 to 14 years from Germany was assessed at baseline and at follow-up for up to 12 years later. Except for 'ronchus' (17%), reported 'gasp' and 'whimper' had the highest positive predictive values of 15% and 11%, respectively. These sounds also showed the greatest increase in asthma incidence (odds ratio = 3.18; 95%CI, 1.46-6.94 and odds ratio = 2.09; 95%CI, 1.00-4.37). It could be shown that from six respiratory sounds, 'gasp' and 'whimper' were the expressions with the best prediction for asthma onset. This study suggests that parents can sensibly distinguish between respiratory sounds and that it is important to specify breathing sounds, as not all are good predictors for asthma.
AU  - Hunger, T.
AU  - Rzehak, P.
AU  - Wichmann, H.-E.
AU  - Heinrich, J.
C1  - 290
C2  - 27220
CY  - New York
SP  - 39-46
TI  - Prognostic values of specific respiratory sounds for asthma in adolescents.
JO  - Eur. J. Pediatr.
VL  - 169
IS  - 1
PB  - Springer
PY  - 2010
SN  - 0340-6199
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - The description and analysis of the utilisation of medical services is of particular importance reflecting childhood morbidity. Therefore, our aim was to describe episode- and person-based rates of hospital admission in Germany, by focusing on the three most important clinically relevant categories, accident injuries, respiratory and digestive diseases in children up to the age of 2 years. The analysis was based on data from the LISA-study, a prospective population based birth cohort study including 3097 full-term infants. Information was collected by parent questionnaires and data was analysed concerning gender, region and social status. In the age-group 7-24 months, 14.5% of all children were at least once hospitalised, 2.5% for accident injuries, 3.0% for respiratory and 4.7% for digestive diseases. More boys than girls were admitted to hospital due to respiratory diseases (4.2% vs. 1.7%) and more children from East compared to West Germany due to digestive diseases (7.2% vs. 3.5%). In families with median or low level education more children were admitted for digestive diseases than with high (6.5% and 6.5% vs. 3.6%). The number of hospitalisation episodes per person showed that most children were hospitalised only once during the period from 7 to 24 months. In conclusion this analysis shows that hospital admission is common and not equally distributed concerning sex, parental education and region in German children. Physicians should pay special attention to these susceptive subgroups and differences in health related behaviour and in the distribution of health facilities have to be reduced. Additionally, multiple admissions play only a minor role concerning hospital admission in children up to the age of 2 years.
AU  - Schnabel, E.
AU  - Sausenthaler, S.
AU  - Liese, J.*
AU  - Herbarth, O.*
AU  - Borte, M.*
AU  - Schaaf, B.*
AU  - Krämer, U.*
AU  - von Berg, A.*
AU  - Wichmann, H.-E.
AU  - Heinrich, J.
C1  - 553
C2  - 26476
SP  - 925-931
TI  - Hospital admission in children up to the age of 2 years.
JO  - Eur. J. Pediatr.
VL  - 168
IS  - 8
PB  - Springer
PY  - 2009
SN  - 0340-6199
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - Infections play an important role in childhood. For Germany, few data are available on the epidemiology of infectious diseases such as otitis media and pneumonia in children. We therefore described the prevalence, first episode proportions and recurrence of these childhood infection diseases in selected regions of Germany in children up to 6 years of age. The analysis was based on data from the LISA Study, a prospective population-based birth cohort study including 3,097 full-term infants. Information was collected by parent questionnaire. The first episode proportions for the first 6 years of life were high for otitis media (66.7%; 95%CI 0.65-0.69) and pneumonia (13.5%; 95%CI 0.12-0.15). The annual first episode proportions for otitis media ranged from 7.3% to 25.6% and for pneumonia from 1.4% to 3.4%; both peaked during the second year. The average number of otitis media episodes was 2.2 (SD 2.0) episodes per child within the first 2 years. During the first 2 years of life, hospitalisations due to otitis and pneumonia occurred in up to 7.8aEuro degrees and 3.0aEuro degrees of the children, respectively. On average, 50.6% of the children with otitis media were treated with antibiotics during the first year of life. In conclusion, this analysis shows that infectious diseases, especially otitis media, are very frequent childhood diseases in Germany. Thus, parents and physicians should not per se worry about a high frequency of otitis media during early childhood.
AU  - Schnabel, E.
AU  - Sausenthaler, S.
AU  - Brockow, I.
AU  - Liese, J.*
AU  - Herbarth, O.*
AU  - Michael, B.*
AU  - Schaaf, B.*
AU  - Krämer, U.*
AU  - von Berg, A.*
AU  - Wichmann, H.-E.
AU  - Heinrich, J.
C1  - 1596
C2  - 26899
CY  - NEW YORK
SP  - 1251-1257
TI  - Burden of otitis media and pneumonia in children up to 6 years of age: Results of the LISA birth cohort.
JO  - Eur. J. Pediatr.
VL  - 168
IS  - 10
PB  - Springer
PY  - 2009
SN  - 0340-6199
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - The aim of this study is to give a systematic overview on publications having investigated the allergy preventive effect of extensively and/or partially hydrolysed infant formulas. Publications were searched by several strategies. Inclusion criteria were: prospective cohort study, randomisation, family history of atopy of the subjects, follow-up for at least the 1st year of life. Studies were described systematically as to methods, study participants, interventions and co-interventions, and study outcomes. The methodological quality was judged according to an instrument assessing the reduction of bias (score between 0 and 7 points). Data of studies having examined partial hydrolysates are presented as odds ratios. Of 16 studies found, 10 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Study designs showed considerable differences as to methods, intervention and co-intervention procedures and definition of outcomes. Methodological quality varied between 0 and 6 points. The comparison of exclusively test- and control formula-fed groups showed a uniform tendency towards allergy protection in studies with partial hydrolysates. Study results on the effect of extensive hydrolysates were not comparable because of major differences in study designs. Conclusion More well-designed studies with an adequate statistical power are needed to compare the allergy preventive effect of partially and extensively hydrolysed formulas with a standard infant formula.
AU  - Schoetzau, A.
AU  - Gehring, U.
AU  - Wichmann, H.-E.
C1  - 21694
C2  - 19859
SP  - 323-332
TI  - Prospective cohort studies using hydrolysed formulas for allergy prevention in atopy-prone newborns : A systematic review.
JO  - Eur. J. Pediatr.
VL  - 160
IS  - 6
PY  - 2001
SN  - 0340-6199
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - 31 children with Hodgkin's disease were treated at the Children's Hospital, University of Munich, between 1963-1976. Before 1971 the diagnosis of abdominal involvement was based solely on physical findings and radiological studies. Treatment consisted of involved-field radiation; chemotherapy was added in selected cases. Of 15 children treated between 1963-1971 5 are still in their first remission and 2 in their second remission. Since 1971 exploratory laparotomy and splenectomy have been performed. Radiation therapy was changed from involved-to extended-field therapy and combination chemotherapy was added in all the children. No patient from this group of 16 children relapsed during a median observation time of 24 months (range 12-55 months). The toxicity of the combined treatment does not seem to be prohibitive.
AU  - Ianka, G.E.*
AU  - Lau, B.
AU  - Haas, R.J.*
AU  - von Lieven, H.P.*
AU  - Lampert, F.H.*
C1  - 33188
C2  - 35635
SP  - 287-292
TI  - Combination chemotherapy and radiotherapy for Hodgkin's disease in children.
JO  - Eur. J. Pediatr.
VL  - 127
IS  - 4
PY  - 1978
SN  - 0340-6199
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - Die Methode der Oberflächenspreitung und der Kritischen Punkt-Trocknung zur elektronenmikroskopischen Präparation ungeschnittener biologischer Objekte wird im einzelnen beschrieben. Die Methode erlaubt, grobmorphologische Veränderungen von Erythrocytenschatten zu beurteilen, Virusteilchen in Zellen nachzuweisen und den inneren Aufbau einzelner Chromosomen zu charakterisieren.
AU  - Lampert, F.H.
AU  - Koschorek, F.
C1  - 42506
C2  - 35838
SP  - 29-37
TI  - Elektronenmikroskopische Präparation biologischer Objekte ohne Dünnschnittechnik durch Oberflächenspreitung und Kritische Punkt-Trocknung : Ein methodischer Beitrag.
JO  - Eur. J. Pediatr.
VL  - 111
IS  - 1
PY  - 1971
SN  - 0340-6199
ER  -