TY  - JOUR
AB  - OBJECTIVE: INGR1D (INvestigating Genetic Risk for type 1 Diabetes) was a type 1 diabetes (T1D) genetic screening study established to identify participants for a primary prevention trial (POInT, Primary Oral Insulin Trial). METHODS: The majority of participants were recruited by research midwives in antenatal clinics from 18 weeks' gestation. Using the NHS Newborn Bloodspot Screening Programme (NBSP) infrastructure, participants enrolled in INGR1D had an extra sample taken from their day 5 bloodspot card sent for T1D genetic screening. Those at an increased risk of T1D were informed of the result, given education about T1D and the opportunity to take part in POInT. RESULTS: Between April 2018 and November 2020, 66% of women approached about INGR1D chose to participate. 15 660 babies were enrolled into INGR1D and 14 731 blood samples were processed. Of the processed samples, 157 (1%) had confirmed positive results, indicating an increased risk of T1D, of whom a third (n=49) enrolled into POInT (20 families were unable to participate in POInT due to COVID-19 lockdown restrictions). CONCLUSION: The use of prospective consent to perform personalised genetic testing on samples obtained through the routine NBSP represents a novel mechanism for clinical genetic research in the UK and provides a model for further population-based genetic studies in the newborn.
AU  - Bendor-Samuel, O.M.*
AU  - Wishlade, T.*
AU  - Willis, L.*
AU  - Aley, P.*
AU  - Choi, E.*
AU  - Craik, R.*
AU  - Mujadidi, Y.*
AU  - Mounce, G.*
AU  - Roseman, F.*
AU  - De La Horra Gozalo, A.*
AU  - Bland, J.*
AU  - Taj, N.*
AU  - Smith, I.*
AU  - Ziegler, A.-G.
AU  - Bonifacio, E.*
AU  - Winkler, C.
AU  - Haupt, F.
AU  - Todd, J.A.*
AU  - Servais, L.*
AU  - Snape, M.D.*
AU  - Vatish, M.*
C1  - 66378
C2  - 53159
CY  - British Med Assoc House, Tavistock Square, London Wc1h 9jr, England
SP  - 26-30
TI  - Successful integration of newborn genetic testing into UK routine screening using prospective consent to determine eligibility for clinical trials.
JO  - Arch. Dis. Childhood
VL  - 108
IS  - 1
PB  - Bmj Publishing Group
PY  - 2023
SN  - 0003-9888
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AB  - BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: While paracetamol exposure in pregnancy and early infancy has been associated with asthma, it remains unclear whether this is confounded by respiratory tract infections, which have been suggested as an alternative explanation. We undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies that reported the association between paracetamol exposure during pregnancy or infancy and the subsequent development of childhood asthma (≥5 years). METHODS: Two independent researchers searched the databases EMBASE and PUBMED on 12 August 2013 for relevant articles using predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Study quality was assessed and results were pooled using fixed effect models or random effect models when moderate between-study heterogeneity was observed. We explicitly assessed whether the observed associations are due to confounding by respiratory tract infections. RESULTS: Eleven observational cohort studies met the inclusion criteria. Any paracetamol use during the first trimester was related to increased risk of childhood asthma (5 studies, pooled OR=1.39, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.91) but there was marked between-study heterogeneity (I(2)=63%) and only one of these studies adjusted for maternal respiratory tract infections. Increasing frequency of use of paracetamol during infancy was associated with increased odds of childhood asthma (3 studies, pooled OR=1.15, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.31 per doubling of days exposure), but in these same three studies adjusting for respiratory tract infections reduced this association (OR=1.06, 95% CI 0.92 to 1.22). DISCUSSION: The association during early pregnancy exposure was highly variable between studies and exposure during infancy appears to be moderately confounded by respiratory tract infections. There is insufficient evidence to warrant changing guidelines on early life paracetamol exposure at this time.
AU  - Cheelo, M.*
AU  - Lodge, C.J.*
AU  - Dharmage, S.C.*
AU  - Simpson, J.A.*
AU  - Matheson, M.C.*
AU  - Heinrich, J.
AU  - Lowe, A.J.*
C1  - 42850
C2  - 35817
SP  - 81-89
TI  - Paracetamol exposure in pregnancy and early childhood and development of childhood asthma: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
JO  - Arch. Dis. Childhood
VL  - 100
IS  - 1
PY  - 2015
SN  - 0003-9888
ER  -