TY - JOUR AB - BACKGROUNG: Tumor microenvironment (TME) has gradually emerged as an important research topic in the fight against cancer. The immune system is a major contributing factor in TME, and investigations have revealed that tumors are partially infiltrated with numerous immune cell subsets. METHOD: We obtained transcriptome RNA-seq data from the the Cancer Genome Atlas databases for 521 patients with colon adenocarcinoma (COAD). ESTIMATE algorithms are then used to estimate the fraction of stromal and immune cells in COAD samples. RESULT: A total of 1109 stromal-immune score-related differentially expressed genes were identified and used to generate a high-confidence protein-protein interaction network and univariate COX regression analysis. C-X-C motif chemokine 10 (CXCL10) was identified as the core gene by intersection analysis of data from protein-protein interaction network and univariate COX regression analysis. Then, for CXCL10, we performed gene set enrichment analysis, survival analysis and clinical analysis, and we used CIBERSORT algorithms to estimate the proportion of tumor-infiltrating immune cells in COAD samples. CONCLUSION: We discovered that CXCL10 levels could be effective for predicting the prognosis of COAD patients as well as a clue that the status of TME is transitioning from immunological to metabolic activity, which provided additional information for COAD therapies. AU - Song, W.* AU - Yin, H. AU - Han, C.* AU - Mao, Q.* AU - Tang, J.* AU - Ji, Z.* AU - Yan, X.* AU - Wang, L.* AU - Liu, S.* AU - Ai, C.* C1 - 63115 C2 - 51325 CY - Two Commerce Sq, 2001 Market St, Philadelphia, Pa 19103 Usa TI - The role of CXCL10 in prognosis of patients with colon cancer and tumor microenvironment remodeling. JO - Medicine (Baltimore) VL - 100 IS - 38 PB - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins PY - 2021 SN - 0025-7974 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Introduction: The mean age of the German population increased over the last years, which resulted in a higher prevalence of cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, cognitive impairment, sarcopenia and bone fractures. Current evidence indicates a preservation of human wellbeing in the elderly by a healthy diet, although the recommended macronutrient composition and quality remains unclear and needs further long-term investigation. In this context we investigate the effect of a specific dietary pattern on age-related disorders in a randomized controlled multi-center trial (RCT). Methods: We assess the effect of a specific dietary pattern (NutriAct) with a high proportion of unsaturated fat, plant proteins and fibres (fat 35%-40% of total energy (%E) of which 15%E-20%E monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and 10%E-15%E polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), 15%E-25%E proteins, >= 30 g fibres per day and 35%E-45%E carbohydrates) on age-related impairment of health within a 36-months RCT conducted in the region of Berlin and Potsdam. 502 eligible men (n = 183) and women (n = 319), aged 50 to 80 years, with an increased risk to develop age-related diseases were randomly assigned to either an intervention group focusing on NutriAct dietary pattern or a control group focusing on usual care and dietary recommendations in accordance to the German Nutrition Society (DGE). In the intervention group, 21 nutrition counsellings as well as supplementation of rapeseed oil, oil cake and specific designed foods are used to achieve the intended NutriAct dietary pattern. The primary outcome is a composite endpoint of age-related disorders, including cardiovascular morbidity, decline of cognitive function as well as clinical features of sarcopenia. Secondary outcomes include diet-induced effects on quality of life, depression, frailty, cardiovascular function, bone density, fat distribution pattern, glucose, lipid and energy metabolism, as well as the identification of biomarkers linked with age-related disorders. Discussion: The findings of this trial will provide clinically relevant information regarding dietary effects on age-related impairment of health and will contribute to the definition of the optimal macronutrient composition in the context of healthy aging in the German population. AU - Wernicke, C.* AU - Apostolopoulou, K.* AU - Hornemann, S.* AU - Efthymiou, A.* AU - Machann, J. AU - Schmidt, S.* AU - Primessnig, U.* AU - Bergmann, M.M.* AU - Grune, T.* AU - Gerbracht, C.* AU - Herber, K.* AU - Pohrt, A.* AU - Pfeiffer, A.F.H.* AU - Spranger, J.* AU - Mai, K.* C1 - 60323 C2 - 49324 CY - Two Commerce Sq, 2001 Market St, Philadelphia, Pa 19103 Usa TI - Long-term effects of a food pattern on cardiovascular risk factors and age-related changes of muscular and cognitive function. JO - Medicine (Baltimore) VL - 99 IS - 39 PB - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins PY - 2020 SN - 0025-7974 ER - TY - JOUR AB - A thyroid cancer ultrasonography screening for all residents 18 years old or younger living in the Fukushima prefecture started in October 2011 to investigate the possible effect of the radiological contamination after the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accidents as of March 12 to 15, 2011. Thyroid cancer in 184 cases was reported by February 2017. The question arises to which extent those cancer cases are a biological consequence of the radiation exposure or an artefactual result of the intense screening of a large population.Experiences with the Chernobyl accident suggest that the external dose may be considered a valid surrogate for the internal dose of the thyroid gland. We, therefore, calculated the average external effective dose-rate (mu Sv/h) for the 59 municipalities of the Fukushima prefecture based on published data of air and soil radiation. We further determined the municipality-specific absolute numbers of thyroid cancers found by each of the two screening rounds in the corresponding municipality-specific exposed person-time observed. A possible association between the radiation exposure and the thyroid cancer detection rate was analyzed with Poisson regression assuming Poisson distributed thyroid cancer cases in the exposed person-time observed per municipality.The target populations consisted of 367,674 and 381,286 children and adolescents for the 1st and the 2nd screening rounds, respectively. In the 1st screening, 300,476 persons participated and 270,489 in the 2nd round. From October 2011 to March 2016, a total of 184 cancer cases were found in 1,079,786 person-years counted from the onset of the exposure to the corresponding examination periods in the municipalities. A significant association between the external effective dose-rate and the thyroid cancer detection rate exists: detection rate ratio (DRR) per mu Sv/h 1.065 (1.013, 1.119). Restricting the analysis to the 53 municipalities that received less than 2 mu Sv/h, and which represent 176 of the total 184 cancer cases, the association appears to be considerably stronger: DRR per mu Sv/h 1.555 (1.096, 2.206).The average radiation dose-rates in the 59 municipalities of the Fukushima prefecture in June 2011 and the corresponding thyroid cancer detection rates in the period October 2011 to March 2016 show statistically significant relationships. AU - Yamamoto, H.* AU - Hayashi, K.* AU - Scherb, H. C1 - 56918 C2 - 47424 CY - Two Commerce Sq, 2001 Market St, Philadelphia, Pa 19103 Usa TI - Association between the detection rate of thyroid cancer and the external radiation dose-rate after the nuclear power plant accidents in Fukushima, Japan. JO - Medicine (Baltimore) VL - 98 IS - 37 PB - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins PY - 2019 SN - 0025-7974 ER - TY - JOUR AB - It has been shown that real-life implementation studies for the prevention of type 2 diabetes (DM2) performed in different settings and populations can be effective. However, not enough information is available on factors influencing the reach of DM2 prevention programmes. This study examines the predictors of completing an intervention programme targeted at people at high risk of DM2 in Krakow, Poland as part of the DE-PLAN project. A total of 262 middle-aged people, everyday patients of 9 general practitioners' (GP) practices, at high risk of DM2 (Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISK)>14) agreed to participate in the lifestyle intervention to prevent DM2. Intervention consisted of 11 lifestyle counseling sessions, organized physical activity sessions followed by motivational phone calls and letters. Measurements were performed at baseline and 1 year after the initiation of the intervention. Seventy percent of the study participants enrolled completed the core curriculum (n=184), 22% were men. When compared to noncompleters, completers had a healthier baseline diabetes risk profile (P<.05). People who completed the intervention were less frequently employed versus noncompleters (P=.037), less often had hypertension (P=.043), and more frequently consumed vegetables and fruit daily (P=.055). In multiple logistic regression model, employment reduced the likelihood of completing the intervention 2 times (odds ratio [OR] 0.45, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.25-0.81). Higher glucose 2 hours after glucose load and hypertension were the independent factors decreasing the chance to participate in the intervention (OR 0.79, 95% 0.69-0.92 and OR 0.52, 95% CI 0.27-0.99, respectively). Daily consumption of vegetables and fruits increased the likelihood of completing the intervention (OR 1.86, 95% 1.01-3.41). In conclusion, people with healthier behavior and risk profile are more predisposed to complete diabetes prevention interventions. Male, those who work and those with a worse health profile, are less likely to participate and complete interventions. Targeted strategies are needed in real-life diabetes prevention interventions to improve male participation and to reach those who are working as well as people with a higher risk profile. AU - Gilis-Januszewska, A.* AU - Lindström, J.* AU - Barengo, N.C.* AU - Tuomilehto, J.* AU - Schwarz, P.E. AU - Wójtowicz, E.* AU - Piwońska-Solska, B.* AU - Szybiński, Z.* AU - Windak, A.* AU - Hubalewska-Dydejczyk, A.* C1 - 53085 C2 - 44324 CY - Philadelphia TI - Predictors of completing a primary health care diabetes prevention intervention programme in people at high risk of type 2 diabetes Experiences of the DE-PLAN project. JO - Medicine (Baltimore) VL - 97 IS - 5 PB - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins PY - 2018 SN - 0025-7974 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Descriptive observational studies showed upward jumps in secular European perinatal mortality trends after Chernobyl. The question arises whether the Fukushima nuclear power plant accident entailed similar phenomena in Japan. For 47 prefectures representing 15.2 million births from 2001 to 2014, the Japanese government provides monthly statistics on 69,171 cases of perinatal death of the fetus or the newborn after 22 weeks of pregnancy to 7 days after birth. Employing change-point methodology for detecting alterations in longitudinal data, we analyzed time trends in perinatal mortality in the Japanese prefectures stratified by exposure to estimate and test potential increases in perinatal death proportions after Fukushima possibly associated with the earthquake, the tsunami, or the estimated radiation exposure. Areas with moderate to high levels of radiation were compared with less exposed and unaffected areas, as were highly contaminated areas hit versus untroubled by the earthquake and the tsunami. Ten months after the earthquake and tsunami and the subsequent nuclear accident, perinatal mortality in 6 severely contaminated prefectures jumped up from January 2012 onward: jump odds ratio 1.156; 95% confidence interval (1.061, 1.259), P-value 0.0009. There were slight increases in areas with moderate levels of contamination and no increases in the rest of Japan. In severely contaminated areas, the increases of perinatal mortality 10 months after Fukushima were essentially independent of the numbers of dead and missing due to the earthquake and the tsunami. Perinatal mortality in areas contaminated with radioactive substances started to increase 10 months after the nuclear accident relative to the prevailing and stable secular downward trend. These results are consistent with findings in Europe after Chernobyl. Since observational studies as the one presented here may suggest but cannot prove causality because of unknown and uncontrolled factors or confounders, intensified research in various scientific disciplines is urgently needed to better qualify and quantify the association of natural and artificial environmental radiation with detrimental genetic health effects at the population level. AU - Scherb, H. AU - Mori, K.* AU - Hayashi, K.* C1 - 49544 C2 - 40771 CY - Philadelphia TI - Increases in perinatal mortality in prefectures contaminated by the Fukushima nuclear power plant accident in Japan: A spatially stratified longitudinal study. JO - Medicine (Baltimore) VL - 95 IS - 38 PB - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins PY - 2016 SN - 0025-7974 ER -