Online Resource S2: Fitted models and ANOVAs

This document contains details about the statistical analysis, fitted models, ANOVA tables and figures of the publication
"The microbial community increases organic phosphorus availability in the rhizosheath of cover crops"
submitted to Plant and Soil 2021
For any questions, ask Moritz Hallama (https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4209-6760).

No gods, no masters, no borders (A) :P

Fig 2 Cover crop biomass properties

Fig 2a1 Cover crop root biomass

## 
##  Shapiro-Wilk normality test
## 
## data:  resid(modCC_root_BM_kg_ha)
## W = 0.92651, p-value = 0.3446

Model fit
## (CC_root_BM_kg_ha) ~ CoverCrop + Block
Cover crop root biomass: ANOVA output of fitted model
Df Sum Sq Mean Sq F value Pr(>F)
CoverCrop 2 3311259.0 1655629.49 24.615019 0.0012821
Block 3 274617.2 91539.07 1.360954 0.3412411
Residuals 6 403565.7 67260.95 NA NA

Fig 2a2 Cover crop shoot biomass

## 
##  Shapiro-Wilk normality test
## 
## data:  resid(modCC_shoot_BM_kg_ha)
## W = 0.93724, p-value = 0.4632

Model fit
## log(CC_shoot_BM_kg_ha) ~ CoverCrop + Block
Cover crop shoot biomass: ANOVA output of fitted model
Df Sum Sq Mean Sq F value Pr(>F)
CoverCrop 2 6.8379337 3.4189668 35.654643 0.0004675
Block 3 0.3169057 0.1056352 1.101615 0.4185666
Residuals 6 0.5753473 0.0958912 NA NA

Fig 2a3 Total cover crop biomass

## 
##  Shapiro-Wilk normality test
## 
## data:  resid(modCC_total_dry_BM_kg_ha)
## W = 0.92371, p-value = 0.3182

Model fit
## log(CC_total_dry_BM_kg_ha) ~ CoverCrop + Block
Total cover crop biomass: ANOVA output of fitted model
Df Sum Sq Mean Sq F value Pr(>F)
CoverCrop 2 6.7944751 3.3972376 37.680671 0.0004011
Block 3 0.3189910 0.1063303 1.179369 0.3932705
Residuals 6 0.5409518 0.0901586 NA NA

Fig 2a stacked bars: Cover crop biomass

Fig 2b1 P concentration in cover crop shoot biomass

## 
##  Shapiro-Wilk normality test
## 
## data:  resid(modP_CC_shoot)
## W = 0.95148, p-value = 0.6588

Model fit
## (P_CC_shoot) ~ CoverCrop + Block
P concentration in cover crop shoots: ANOVA output of fitted model
Df Sum Sq Mean Sq F value Pr(>F)
CoverCrop 2 1876068.1 938034.03 16.171889 0.0038315
Block 3 678597.6 226199.19 3.899718 0.0735247
Residuals 6 348023.9 58003.99 NA NA

Fig 2b2 P concentration in cover crop root biomass

## 
##  Shapiro-Wilk normality test
## 
## data:  resid(modP_CC_root)
## W = 0.96414, p-value = 0.8409

Model fit
## (P_CC_root) ~ CoverCrop + Block
P concentration in cover crop roots: ANOVA output of fitted model
Df Sum Sq Mean Sq F value Pr(>F)
CoverCrop 2 695182.7 347591.37 7.392801 0.0240528
Block 3 418697.0 139565.65 2.968374 0.1190417
Residuals 6 282105.3 47017.55 NA NA

Fig 2b stacked bars P concentration

Fig2c1 P content cover crop shoot biomass

## 
##  Shapiro-Wilk normality test
## 
## data:  resid(modP_in_CC_shoot)
## W = 0.96678, p-value = 0.8743

Model fit
## log(P_in_CC_shoot) ~ CoverCrop + Block
P content in cover crop shoots: ANOVA output of fitted model
Df Sum Sq Mean Sq F value Pr(>F)
CoverCrop 2 8.0023729 4.0011864 39.190340 0.0003595
Block 3 0.5696730 0.1898910 1.859922 0.2371752
Residuals 6 0.6125775 0.1020962 NA NA

Fig 2c2 P content in cover crop root biomass

## 
##  Shapiro-Wilk normality test
## 
## data:  resid(modP_in_CC_root)
## W = 0.97736, p-value = 0.9709

Model fit
## log(P_in_CC_root) ~ CoverCrop + Block
P content in cover crop roots: ANOVA output of fitted model
Df Sum Sq Mean Sq F value Pr(>F)
CoverCrop 2 6.4887603 3.2443802 52.897455 0.0001546
Block 3 0.4114597 0.1371532 2.236192 0.1845678
Residuals 6 0.3680003 0.0613334 NA NA

Fig 2c stacked bars: CC P content

Fig 3. Soil P pools in the rhizosphere of cover crops

Total P

## 
##  Shapiro-Wilk normality test
## 
## data:  resid(modPt)
## W = 0.9583, p-value = 0.6311
Model fit
## Pt ~ CoverCrop + Block
Total P: ANOVA output of fitted model
Df Sum Sq Mean Sq F value Pr(>F)
CoverCrop 3 54026.40 18008.80 2.012577 0.1827592
Block 3 78025.47 26008.49 2.906584 0.0936040
Residuals 9 80533.17 8948.13 NA NA

Organic P

## 
##  Shapiro-Wilk normality test
## 
## data:  resid(modPorg)
## W = 0.89361, p-value = 0.0003936
Model fit
## (Porg) ~ CoverCrop + Block + (1 | Plot)
Organic P: ANOVA output of fitted model
Sum Sq Mean Sq NumDF DenDF F value Pr(>F)
CoverCrop 9713.276 3237.759 3 11 2.907768 0.0824533
Block 4583.208 4583.208 1 11 4.116089 0.0673880

inorganic P

## 
##  Shapiro-Wilk normality test
## 
## data:  resid(modPi)
## W = 0.87654, p-value = 0.0001195

Fig 3a1 Inorganic P

Model fit
## Pi ~ CoverCrop + Block + (1 | Plot)
Inorganic P: ANOVA output of fitted model
Sum Sq Mean Sq NumDF DenDF F value Pr(>F)
CoverCrop 3306.596531 1102.198844 3 11 0.9898632 0.4331936
Block 2.741374 2.741374 1 11 0.0024620 0.9613161

Fig 3a2 Enzyme-labile P

## 
##  Shapiro-Wilk normality test
## 
## data:  resid(modtotal_enzyme_labile_P)
## W = 0.98204, p-value = 0.6906

Model fit
## total_enzyme_labile_P ~ CoverCrop + Block + (1 | Analysis)
Total enzyme-labile organic P: ANOVA output of fitted model
Sum Sq Mean Sq NumDF DenDF F value Pr(>F)
CoverCrop 21322.15 7107.384 3 39.11413 6.572788 0.0010506
Block 2062.74 2062.740 1 39.01586 1.907587 0.1750914

Fig 3a3 Enzyme stable P

## 
##  Shapiro-Wilk normality test
## 
## data:  resid(modenzyme_stable_MUP)
## W = 0.98715, p-value = 0.8863

Model fit
## enzyme_stable_MUP ~ CoverCrop + Block + (1 | Plot)
Total enzyme-stable organic P: ANOVA output of fitted model
Sum Sq Mean Sq NumDF DenDF F value Pr(>F)
CoverCrop 5826.588 1942.196 3 11.11051 0.9062612 0.4688917
Block 4330.307 4330.307 1 11.20944 2.0205940 0.1823982

Fig 3b1 Phytase-labile P

## 
##  Shapiro-Wilk normality test
## 
## data:  resid(modPHYF)
## W = 0.97186, p-value = 0.8846

Model fit
## PHYF ~ CoverCrop + Block
Fungal phytase-labile organic P: ANOVA output of fitted model
Df Sum Sq Mean Sq F value Pr(>F)
CoverCrop 3 1766.866 588.9553 3.201512 0.0835879
Block 3 3953.061 1317.6871 7.162838 0.0117910
Residuals 8 1471.693 183.9616 NA NA

Bacterial phytase-labile P

## 
##  Shapiro-Wilk normality test
## 
## data:  resid(modPHYB)
## W = 0.96128, p-value = 0.7146

Model fit
## (PHYB) ~ CoverCrop + Block
Bacterial phytase-labile organic P: ANOVA output of fitted model
Df Sum Sq Mean Sq F value Pr(>F)
CoverCrop 3 6183.152 2061.051 0.4837083 0.7028050
Block 3 43439.145 14479.715 3.3982465 0.0739456
Residuals 8 34087.497 4260.937 NA NA

Fig 3b2 Phosphomonoesterase-labile P

## 
##  Shapiro-Wilk normality test
## 
## data:  resid(modGP)
## W = 0.9612, p-value = 0.7132

Model fit
## GP ~ CoverCrop + Block
Phosphomonoesterase-labile P: ANOVA output of fitted model
Df Sum Sq Mean Sq F value Pr(>F)
CoverCrop 3 1313.44414 437.81471 13.6593768 0.0016330
Block 3 78.24684 26.08228 0.8137408 0.5213378
Residuals 8 256.41856 32.05232 NA NA

Fig 3b3 Phosphodiesterase-labile P

## 
##  Shapiro-Wilk normality test
## 
## data:  resid(modDNA)
## W = 0.9576, p-value = 0.6507

Model fit
## DNA ~ CoverCrop + Block
Phosphodiesterase-labile P: ANOVA output of fitted model
Df Sum Sq Mean Sq F value Pr(>F)
CoverCrop 3 1325.22059 441.74020 7.2957460 0.0111951
Block 3 99.05114 33.01705 0.5453069 0.6649592
Residuals 8 484.38111 60.54764 NA NA
  • stacked bar chart: Enzymatic availability of Porg

Fig 4 Microbial P

## 
##  Shapiro-Wilk normality test
## 
## data:  resid(modPmic)
## W = 0.98743, p-value = 0.5521

Model fit
## sqrt(Pmic) ~ Type * CoverCrop * Month + Block + (1 | TypeID) + 
##     (1 | MonthID)
Microbial P: ANOVA output of fitted model
Sum Sq Mean Sq NumDF DenDF F value Pr(>F)
Type 58.6400806 58.6400806 1 3.703675 30.3070042 0.0066284
CoverCrop 0.2750974 0.0916991 3 60.099901 0.0473929 0.9861936
Month 16.0349081 5.3449694 3 60.089960 2.7624452 0.0497265
Block 9.7268102 3.2422701 3 2.907647 1.6757053 0.3448029
Type:CoverCrop 1.2734598 0.4244866 3 60.092709 0.2193878 0.8825720
Type:Month 4.8430554 4.8430554 1 60.128541 2.5030406 0.1188731
CoverCrop:Month 10.7250398 1.1916711 9 60.076233 0.6158924 0.7787851
Type:CoverCrop:Month 1.9722100 0.9861050 2 60.125429 0.5096495 0.6032777

Fig 5 Microbial abundance and community structure

Fig 5a Gram-positive bacteria

## 
##  Shapiro-Wilk normality test
## 
## data:  resid(modGpos)
## W = 0.99132, p-value = 0.8182

Model fit
## (Gpos) ~ Type * CoverCrop * Month + Block + (1 | TypeID) + (1 | 
##     MonthID)
Gram-positive abundance: ANOVA output of fitted model
Sum Sq Mean Sq NumDF DenDF F value Pr(>F)
Type 795.697914 795.6979136 1 3.841293 36.5676184 0.0042948
CoverCrop 98.829113 32.9430376 3 62.113157 1.5139520 0.2196927
Month 231.469940 77.1566466 3 62.076960 3.5458618 0.0194711
Block 164.272117 54.7573723 3 2.872524 2.5164659 0.2403892
Type:CoverCrop 1.689458 0.5631526 3 62.112115 0.0258806 0.9943170
Type:Month 8.636083 8.6360834 1 62.153851 0.3968855 0.5310114
CoverCrop:Month 130.108589 14.4565099 9 62.062602 0.6643729 0.7375601
Type:CoverCrop:Month 56.034943 28.0174715 2 62.150218 1.2875894 0.2831924

Fig 5b Gram-negative bacteria

## 
##  Shapiro-Wilk normality test
## 
## data:  resid(modGneg)
## W = 0.98902, p-value = 0.6513

Model fit
## (Gneg) ~ Type * CoverCrop * Month + Block + (1 | TypeID) + (1 | 
##     MonthID)
Gram-negative abundance: ANOVA output of fitted model
Sum Sq Mean Sq NumDF DenDF F value Pr(>F)
Type 54.3474601 54.3474601 1 4.413605 88.8542111 0.0004350
CoverCrop 7.2302207 2.4100736 3 62.183788 3.9402979 0.0122380
Month 22.1692776 7.3897592 3 62.128527 12.0817279 0.0000025
Block 6.8128885 2.2709628 3 2.656755 3.7128618 0.1726160
Type:CoverCrop 1.0003998 0.3334666 3 62.182202 0.5451940 0.6532137
Type:Month 0.3104297 0.3104297 1 62.247456 0.5075303 0.4788718
CoverCrop:Month 4.0670718 0.4518969 9 62.105978 0.7388191 0.6719581
Type:CoverCrop:Month 0.2538769 0.1269385 2 62.241736 0.2075353 0.8131445

Fig 5c Fungal abundance

## 
##  Shapiro-Wilk normality test
## 
## data:  resid(modFungi)
## W = 0.97895, p-value = 0.1477

Model fit
## log(Fungi) ~ Type * CoverCrop * Month + Block + (1 | TypeID) + 
##     (1 | MonthID)
Fungal abundance: ANOVA output of fitted model
Sum Sq Mean Sq NumDF DenDF F value Pr(>F)
Type 6.8610134 6.8610134 1 4.466965 140.355588 0.0001524
CoverCrop 0.6383569 0.2127856 3 50.371916 4.352951 0.0083925
Month 2.7478624 0.9159541 3 6.068276 18.737652 0.0018070
Block 0.2924533 0.0974844 3 2.747063 1.994236 0.3044514
Type:CoverCrop 0.2237848 0.0745949 3 50.367327 1.525987 0.2191204
Type:Month 1.2717831 1.2717831 1 50.554602 26.016836 0.0000051
CoverCrop:Month 1.4350997 0.1594555 9 50.148587 3.261978 0.0034034
Type:CoverCrop:Month 0.3406503 0.1703252 2 50.538100 3.484338 0.0382299

Fig 6 Potential enzymatic activity

Fig 6a Acid phosphomonoesterase activity

## 
##  Shapiro-Wilk normality test
## 
## data:  resid(modac.phos)
## W = 0.95798, p-value = 0.004747

Model fit
## log(ac.phos) ~ Type * CoverCrop * Month + Block + (1 | TypeID) + 
##     (1 | MonthID)
Acid phosphomonoesterase activity: ANOVA output of fitted model
Sum Sq Mean Sq NumDF DenDF F value Pr(>F)
Type 5.4941575 5.4941575 1 4.420864 76.2533291 0.0005961
CoverCrop 0.2283668 0.0761223 3 53.721480 1.0564998 0.3752971
Month 0.1856460 0.0618820 3 10.792924 0.8588594 0.4914412
Block 0.9611918 0.3203973 3 3.023678 4.4467888 0.1248821
Type:CoverCrop 0.1414678 0.0471559 3 53.721480 0.6544765 0.5836569
Type:Month 0.0794070 0.0794070 1 53.721480 1.1020884 0.2985081
CoverCrop:Month 0.4434253 0.0492695 9 53.721480 0.6838104 0.7200849
Type:CoverCrop:Month 0.3574855 0.1787427 2 53.721480 2.4807677 0.0932186

Fig 6b Alkaline phosphomonoesterase activity

## 
##  Shapiro-Wilk normality test
## 
## data:  resid(modalk.phos)
## W = 0.97676, p-value = 0.0992

Model fit
## (alk.phos) ~ Type * CoverCrop * Month + Block + (1 | TypeID) + 
##     (1 | MonthID)
Alkaline phosphomonoesterase activity: ANOVA output of fitted model
Sum Sq Mean Sq NumDF DenDF F value Pr(>F)
Type 32981.50 32981.501 1 3.494911 6.5398157 0.0716845
CoverCrop 10149.80 3383.266 3 63.000000 0.6708590 0.5730966
Month 213252.50 71084.165 3 63.000000 14.0950934 0.0000004
Block 45089.52 15029.840 3 2.943232 2.9802278 0.1996037
Type:CoverCrop 16944.43 5648.142 3 63.000000 1.1199554 0.3477773
Type:Month 16220.90 16220.900 1 63.000000 3.2163998 0.0777035
CoverCrop:Month 17497.35 1944.150 9 63.000000 0.3855005 0.9378352
Type:CoverCrop:Month 16693.41 8346.707 2 63.000000 1.6550468 0.1992823

Fig 6c Phosphodiesterase acticity

## 
##  Shapiro-Wilk normality test
## 
## data:  resid(moddiphos)
## W = 0.97987, p-value = 0.1664

Model fit
## log(diphos) ~ Type * CoverCrop * Month + Block + (1 | TypeID) + 
##     (1 | MonthID)
Phosphodiesterase activity: ANOVA output of fitted model
Df Sum Sq Mean Sq F value Pr(>F)
Type 1 7.1736350 7.1736350 81.0218646 0.0000000
CoverCrop 3 0.0845502 0.0281834 0.3183145 0.8120832
Month 3 0.6514160 0.2171387 2.4524499 0.0710279
Block 3 0.1917370 0.0639123 0.7218511 0.5425066
Type:CoverCrop 3 0.0652438 0.0217479 0.2456298 0.8641563
Type:Month 1 0.8069354 0.8069354 9.1138472 0.0036038
CoverCrop:Month 9 0.4734847 0.0526094 0.5941914 0.7972580
Type:CoverCrop:Month 2 0.4678754 0.2339377 2.6421847 0.0787295
Residuals 66 5.8436067 0.0885395 NA NA

Fig 6d N-acetyl-hexosaminidase activity

## 
##  Shapiro-Wilk normality test
## 
## data:  resid(modNAG)
## W = 0.98337, p-value = 0.2921

Model fit
## log(NAG) ~ Type * CoverCrop * Month + Block + (1 | TypeID) + 
##     (1 | MonthID)
N-acetyl-hexosaminidase activity: ANOVA output of fitted model
Sum Sq Mean Sq NumDF DenDF F value Pr(>F)
Type 2.2616334 2.2616334 1 3.444186 40.7475851 0.0050677
CoverCrop 0.0285746 0.0095249 3 53.775308 0.1716087 0.9151186
Month 0.2307086 0.0769029 3 9.156563 1.3855502 0.3079645
Block 0.0041231 0.0013744 3 4.957870 0.0247621 0.9940595
Type:CoverCrop 0.4852482 0.1617494 3 53.775308 2.9142202 0.0425399
Type:Month 1.0624214 1.0624214 1 53.775308 19.1415232 0.0000562
CoverCrop:Month 0.8640920 0.0960102 9 53.775308 1.7298050 0.1046925
Type:CoverCrop:Month 0.5231272 0.2615636 2 53.775308 4.7125612 0.0130070

Fig 7 Correlations

Fig 7a phoD vs alk. phosphomonoesterase

## 
##  Shapiro-Wilk normality test
## 
## data:  resid(modphoD_dw_x_alk.phos)
## W = 0.96213, p-value = 0.3913
Model fit
## alk.phos ~ Type * log(phoD_dw) + Block
Relation between alk.phosphomonoesterase activity and phoD per g soil
Df Sum Sq Mean Sq F value Pr(>F)
Type 1 125972.43 125972.425 12.0702157 0.0022659
log(phoD_dw) 1 80905.13 80905.135 7.7520333 0.0111151
Block 3 29507.13 9835.711 0.9424218 0.4378980
Type:log(phoD_dw) 1 26311.86 26311.858 2.5211057 0.1272753
Residuals 21 219169.32 10436.634 NA NA

Fig 7b: phoD vs bacterial PLFA

## 
##  Shapiro-Wilk normality test
## 
## data:  resid(modphoD_dw_x_Bacteria)
## W = 0.91612, p-value = 0.03187
Model fit
## log(phoD_dw) ~ Type * Bacteria + Block
Relation between phoD per g soil and bacterial abundance
Df Sum Sq Mean Sq F value Pr(>F)
Type 1 2.9144351 2.9144351 17.198436 0.0004987
Bacteria 1 1.4939978 1.4939978 8.816263 0.0075829
Block 3 2.2368327 0.7456109 4.399941 0.0156415
Type:Bacteria 1 0.3949801 0.3949801 2.330826 0.1424948
Residuals 20 3.3891862 0.1694593 NA NA

Fig 7c: Bacteria vs alk. phosphatase

## 
##  Shapiro-Wilk normality test
## 
## data:  resid(modBacteria_x_alk.phos)
## W = 0.98742, p-value = 0.5357
Model fit
## alk.phos ~ Date + Type + Bacteria + Block + Date:Type + Date:Bacteria + 
##     Type:Bacteria + Date:Type:Bacteria
Relation between Bacterial abundance and alk.phosphomonoesterase activity
Df Sum Sq Mean Sq F value Pr(>F)
Date 3 211314.9648 70438.3216 16.3926070 0.0000000
Type 1 132914.5453 132914.5453 30.9322518 0.0000004
Bacteria 1 253872.6282 253872.6282 59.0819617 0.0000000
Block 3 76712.8895 25570.9632 5.9509474 0.0010621
Date:Type 1 1479.3868 1479.3868 0.3442871 0.5591040
Date:Bacteria 3 8439.6349 2813.2116 0.6546986 0.5824695
Type:Bacteria 1 598.1755 598.1755 0.1392091 0.7101072
Date:Type:Bacteria 1 21445.0838 21445.0838 4.9907610 0.0284233
Residuals 76 326568.7056 4296.9567 NA NA

Fig 7d: phoD vs 16S

## 
##  Shapiro-Wilk normality test
## 
## data:  resid(modphoD_dw_x_bact_16S_dw)
## W = 0.98499, p-value = 0.9484
Model fit
## log(phoD_dw) ~ Type + CoverCrop + log(bact_16S_dw) + Block + 
##     CoverCrop:log(bact_16S_dw)
Relation between phoD per g soil and bacterial 16S abundance
Df Sum Sq Mean Sq F value Pr(>F)
Type 1 3.1003732 3.1003732 22.5367025 0.0002186
CoverCrop 3 0.0146617 0.0048872 0.0355254 0.9906789
log(bact_16S_dw) 1 0.7978341 0.7978341 5.7994790 0.0284503
Block 3 3.1317996 1.0439332 7.5883806 0.0022361
CoverCrop:log(bact_16S_dw) 3 1.3714442 0.4571481 3.3230226 0.0465228
Residuals 16 2.2011193 0.1375700 NA NA

Fig 8 labile organic P vs enzyme activities

Fig 8a: phosphomonoesterase-labile Porg vs ac. phosphomonoesterase activity

## 
##  Shapiro-Wilk normality test
## 
## data:  resid(modGP_x_ac.phos)
## W = 0.97932, p-value = 0.9647
Model fit
## ac.phos ~ Type * CoverCrop * GP + Block
Relation between ac.phosphomonoesterase activity and phoD per g soil
Df Sum Sq Mean Sq F value Pr(>F)
Type 1 402248.991 402248.991 109.895025 0.0004681
CoverCrop 2 38284.906 19142.453 5.229747 0.0765268
GP 1 5140.366 5140.366 1.404356 0.3015908
Block 3 97038.610 32346.203 8.837031 0.0307811
Type:GP 1 9395.304 9395.304 2.566811 0.1843866
CoverCrop:GP 2 32493.298 16246.649 4.438609 0.0964886
Residuals 4 14641.208 3660.302 NA NA

Fig 8b: Phosphodiesterase-labile Porg vs phosphodiesterase activity

## 
##  Shapiro-Wilk normality test
## 
## data:  resid(modDNA_x_diphos)
## W = 0.91304, p-value = 0.1508
Model fit
## diphos ~ Type * CoverCrop * DNA + Block
Relation between phosphodiesterasse activity and phoD per g soil
Df Sum Sq Mean Sq F value Pr(>F)
Type 1 59797.6706 59797.6706 9.3697788 0.0376214
CoverCrop 2 9759.2920 4879.6460 0.7645984 0.5233544
DNA 1 723.2551 723.2551 0.1133278 0.7533075
Block 3 18553.7603 6184.5868 0.9690714 0.4897409
Type:DNA 1 633.6331 633.6331 0.0992848 0.7684428
CoverCrop:DNA 2 3220.5691 1610.2845 0.2523177 0.7884982
Residuals 4 25527.8901 6381.9725 NA NA

Fig 8c: phosphomonoesterase-labile Porg vs alk. phosphomonoesterase

## 
##  Shapiro-Wilk normality test
## 
## data:  resid(modGP_x_alk.phos)
## W = 0.95548, p-value = 0.6144
Model fit
## alk.phos ~ Type * CoverCrop * GP + Block
Relation between alk. phosphomonoesterase alktivity and phoD per g soil
Df Sum Sq Mean Sq F value Pr(>F)
Type 1 55608.401 55608.401 9.5677805 0.0364615
CoverCrop 2 14708.070 7354.035 1.2653086 0.3751557
GP 1 1202.005 1202.005 0.2068127 0.6728646
Block 3 133140.060 44380.020 7.6358658 0.0393212
Type:GP 1 16585.217 16585.217 2.8535925 0.1664377
CoverCrop:GP 2 5964.528 2982.264 0.5131176 0.6333363
Residuals 4 23248.193 5812.048 NA NA

representing data with regression lines

Fig S4 P concentration in soybean grains

## 
##  Shapiro-Wilk normality test
## 
## data:  resid(modP_grain)
## W = 0.95592, p-value = 0.5888

Model fit
## log(P_grain) ~ CoverCrop + Block
P concentration in soybean grains: ANOVA output of fitted model
Df Sum Sq Mean Sq F value Pr(>F)
CoverCrop 3 0.0899991 0.0299997 1.3307678 0.3241308
Block 3 0.0266066 0.0088689 0.3934168 0.7608550
Residuals 9 0.2028884 0.0225432 NA NA

Fig S5 Paq (Resin-P)

## 
##  Shapiro-Wilk normality test
## 
## data:  resid(modPaq)
## W = 0.98587, p-value = 0.4256

Model fit
## (Paq) ~ Type * CoverCrop * Month + Block + (1 | TypeID) + (1 | 
##     MonthID)
Resin P: ANOVA output of fitted model
Sum Sq Mean Sq NumDF DenDF F value Pr(>F)
Type 399.99519 399.99519 1 4.915588 18.296211 0.0081886
CoverCrop 118.54053 39.51351 3 63.000000 1.807390 0.1549009
Month 791.63377 263.87792 3 63.000000 12.070060 0.0000024
Block 1457.69816 485.89939 3 2.355063 22.225561 0.0291858
Type:CoverCrop 68.21700 22.73900 3 63.000000 1.040106 0.3810451
Type:Month 1118.19018 1118.19018 1 63.000000 51.147223 0.0000000
CoverCrop:Month 331.31631 36.81292 9 63.000000 1.683863 0.1116995
Type:CoverCrop:Month 46.99821 23.49911 2 63.000000 1.074874 0.3475168

Resin-P only November to check if power increases by separating timepoints (does not)

(S6 is a Table with the p-values of the ANOVAs of a collection of the measured properties)

Fig S7 Prec (soil P sorption)

## 
##  Shapiro-Wilk normality test
## 
## data:  resid(modPrec)
## W = 0.96495, p-value = 0.01665

Model fit
## sqrt(Prec) ~ Type * CoverCrop * Month + Block + (1 | MonthID)
Prec: ANOVA output of fitted model
Sum Sq Mean Sq NumDF DenDF F value Pr(>F)
Type 0.0001941 0.0001941 1 54.700653 0.0364615 0.8492726
CoverCrop 0.0119722 0.0039907 3 54.966526 0.7498186 0.5271422
Month 0.0276821 0.0092274 3 10.494304 1.7337284 0.2203372
Block 0.0362029 0.0120676 3 8.743273 2.2673875 0.1515738
Type:CoverCrop 0.0060818 0.0020273 3 54.629202 0.3809001 0.7671464
Type:Month 0.0618828 0.0618828 1 54.697828 11.6271535 0.0012277
CoverCrop:Month 0.0459819 0.0051091 9 54.899018 0.9599474 0.4826270
Type:CoverCrop:Month 0.0031091 0.0015546 2 54.692044 0.2920883 0.7478601

Fig S8 Bacterial 16S rRNA

## 
##  Shapiro-Wilk normality test
## 
## data:  resid(modbact_16S_dw)
## W = 0.9251, p-value = 0.04644

Model fit
## log(bact_16S_dw) ~ CoverCrop * Type + Block
Bacterial 16S copies per g soil dw: ANOVA output of fitted model
Df Sum Sq Mean Sq F value Pr(>F)
CoverCrop 3 0.5055630 0.1685210 1.7666937 0.1895229
Type 1 1.5185873 1.5185873 15.9201428 0.0008587
Block 3 0.1587091 0.0529030 0.5546101 0.6516493
CoverCrop:Type 2 0.1237811 0.0618905 0.6488308 0.5344540
Residuals 18 1.7169803 0.0953878 NA NA

Fig S9 phoD (per g soil)

## 
##  Shapiro-Wilk normality test
## 
## data:  resid(modphoD_dw)
## W = 0.97618, p-value = 0.7512

Model fit
## log(phoD_dw) ~ CoverCrop * Type + Block
Bacterial phoD copies per g soil dw: ANOVA output of fitted model
Df Sum Sq Mean Sq F value Pr(>F)
CoverCrop 3 0.4016741 0.1338914 0.707795 0.5598067
Type 1 2.7133608 2.7133608 14.343743 0.0013490
Block 3 3.6651128 1.2217043 6.458342 0.0036946
CoverCrop:Type 2 0.4320809 0.2160404 1.142063 0.3412290
Residuals 18 3.4050035 0.1891669 NA NA

(S10 is a Table presenting the p-values of the ANOVAs of the preceeding figures)

Fig S11 specific potential enzyme activities

Fig S11a ac.phos on Pmic basis

Model fit
## log(ac.phos.per.Pmic) ~ Block + (1 | TypeID) + (1 | MonthID)
Acid phosphomonoesterase activity by Pmic: ANOVA output of fitted model
Sum Sq Mean Sq NumDF DenDF F value Pr(>F)
Block 2.74155 0.91385 3 4.718272 3.842144 0.0961391

Fig S11b alk.phos on Pmic basis

## 
##  Shapiro-Wilk normality test
## 
## data:  resid(modalk.phos.per.Pmic)
## W = 0.98342, p-value = 0.3162

Model fit
## log(alk.phos.per.Pmic) ~ Type * CoverCrop * Month + Block + (1 | 
##     TypeID) + (1 | MonthID)
Alkaline phosphomonoesterase activity by Pmic: ANOVA output of fitted model
Sum Sq Mean Sq NumDF DenDF F value Pr(>F)
Type 5.2198655 5.2198655 1 55.130933 27.1851641 0.0000029
CoverCrop 0.1294196 0.0431399 3 55.432565 0.2246732 0.8788464
Month 3.4156138 1.1385379 3 11.123769 5.9295284 0.0114674
Block 0.1260483 0.0420161 3 8.540491 0.2188206 0.8808085
Type:CoverCrop 0.0169210 0.0056403 3 55.034588 0.0293750 0.9931412
Type:Month 0.5985953 0.5985953 1 55.127142 3.1174964 0.0829935
CoverCrop:Month 2.3089434 0.2565493 9 55.344659 1.3361137 0.2400223
Type:CoverCrop:Month 0.0201258 0.0100629 2 55.119400 0.0524079 0.9489890

Fig S11c diphos on Pmic basis

## 
##  Shapiro-Wilk normality test
## 
## data:  resid(moddiphos.per.Pmic)
## W = 0.98322, p-value = 0.3069

Model fit
## log(diphos.per.Pmic) ~ Type * CoverCrop * Month + Block + (1 | 
##     TypeID) + (1 | MonthID)
Phosphodiesterase activity by Pmic: ANOVA output of fitted model
Sum Sq Mean Sq NumDF DenDF F value Pr(>F)
Type 1.3688754 1.3688754 1 56.16173 6.7795810 0.0117752
CoverCrop 0.2926683 0.0975561 3 56.46767 0.4831627 0.6953123
Month 2.7506958 0.9168986 3 12.73308 4.5410914 0.0223534
Block 1.3676601 0.4558867 3 8.68402 2.2578541 0.1531341
Type:CoverCrop 0.2183439 0.0727813 3 56.04186 0.3604615 0.7817704
Type:Month 1.2074874 1.2074874 1 56.15704 5.9802806 0.0176269
CoverCrop:Month 1.8816489 0.2090721 9 56.35815 1.0354640 0.4240105
Type:CoverCrop:Month 0.2459598 0.1229799 2 56.14750 0.6090782 0.5474057

Fig S12: Fungi vs N-acetyl-hexosaminidase

## 
##  Shapiro-Wilk normality test
## 
## data:  resid(modFungi_x_NAG)
## W = 0.99341, p-value = 0.9351
Model fit
## NAG ~ CoverCrop + Date + Type + log(Fungi) + CoverCrop:Date + 
##     CoverCrop:Type + Date:Type + CoverCrop:log(Fungi) + Date:log(Fungi) + 
##     Type:log(Fungi) + CoverCrop:Date:Type + CoverCrop:Date:log(Fungi) + 
##     CoverCrop:Type:log(Fungi) + Date:Type:log(Fungi) + CoverCrop:Date:Type:log(Fungi)
Relation between fungal abundance and NAG activity
Df Sum Sq Mean Sq F value Pr(>F)
CoverCrop 3 12510.2286 4170.0762 3.2740447 0.0295498
Date 3 62745.7739 20915.2580 16.4211603 0.0000002
Type 1 202883.6278 202883.6278 159.2896715 0.0000000
log(Fungi) 1 74575.1217 74575.1217 58.5510362 0.0000000
CoverCrop:Date 9 28697.7667 3188.6407 2.5034920 0.0204584
CoverCrop:Type 3 18361.2311 6120.4104 4.8053072 0.0054836
Date:Type 1 10532.9343 10532.9343 8.2697045 0.0061390
CoverCrop:log(Fungi) 3 6259.4829 2086.4943 1.6381657 0.1938872
Date:log(Fungi) 3 11331.6444 3777.2148 2.9655981 0.0419331
Type:log(Fungi) 1 28772.0329 28772.0329 22.5897364 0.0000208
CoverCrop:Date:Type 2 3687.6018 1843.8009 1.4476202 0.2458689
CoverCrop:Date:log(Fungi) 9 12754.6391 1417.1821 1.1126698 0.3736402
CoverCrop:Type:log(Fungi) 3 5835.6108 1945.2036 1.5272343 0.2203845
Date:Type:log(Fungi) 1 688.6835 688.6835 0.5407049 0.4659561
CoverCrop:Date:Type:log(Fungi) 2 20704.1874 10352.0937 8.1277214 0.0009695
Residuals 45 57315.4754 1273.6772 NA NA