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Meyer, A.H. ; Penning, H. ; Lowag, H. ; Elsner, M.

Precise and accurate compound specific carbon and nitrogen isotope analysis of atrazine: Critical role of combustion oven conditions.

Environ. Sci. Technol. 42, 7757-7763 (2008)

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Open Access Green möglich sobald Postprint bei der ZB eingereicht worden ist.

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Compound-specific stable isotope analysis by gas chromatography-isotope ratio mass spectrometry (GC-IRMS) is increasingly used to assess origin and fate of organic substances in the environment. Although analysis without isotopic discrimination is essential, it cannot be taken for granted for new target compounds. We developed and validated carbon isotope analysis of atrazine, a herbicide widely used in agriculture. Combustion was tested with reactors containing (i) CuO/NiO/Pt operating at 940 °C; (ii) CuO operating at 800 °C; (iii) Ni/NiO operating at 1150 °C and being reoxidized for 2 min during each gas chromatographic run. Accurate and precise carbon isotope measurements were only obtained with Ni/NiO reactors giving a mean deviation ??13C from dual inlet measurements of -0.1-0.2‰ and a standard deviation (SD) of ±0.4‰. CuO at 800 °C gave precise, but inaccurate values (??13C = -1.3‰, SD ±0.4‰), whereas CuO/NiO/Pt reactors at 940 °C gave inaccurate and imprecise data. Accurate (??15N = 0.2‰) and precise (SD ±0.3‰) nitrogen isotope analysis was accomplished with a Ni/NiO-reactor previously used for carbon isotope analysis. The applicability of the method was demonstrated for alkaline hydrolysis of atrazine at 20 °C and pH 12 (nucleophilic aromatic substitution) giving ?carbon = -5.6‰ ± 0.1‰ (SD) and ?nitrogen = -1.2‰ ± 0.1‰ (SD).

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