Baghai, T.C.* ; Binder, E.B.* ; Schule, C.* ; Salyakina, D.* ; Eser, D.* ; Lucae, S.* ; Zwanzger, P.* ; Haberger, C.* ; Zill, P.* ; Ising, M.* ; Deiml, T.* ; Uhr, M.* ; Illig, T. ; Wichmann, H.-E. ; Modell, S.* ; Nothdurfter, C.* ; Holsboer, F.* ; Müller-Myhsok, B.* ; Möller, H.J.* ; Rupprecht, R.* ; Bondy, B.*
     
 
    
        
Polymorphisms in the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene are associated wit unipolar depression, ACE activity and hypercortisolism.
    
    
        
    
    
        
        Mol. Psychiatry 11, 1003-1015 (2006)
    
    
    
		
		
			
				Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) is assumed to influence the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) system, which shows hyperactivity in the majority of patients with major depression. The ACE gene, known to be associated with cardiovascular disorders, which in turn are accompanied with an increased susceptibility for depression, is therefore a promising candidate gene for affective disorders. We investigated the genetic association between 35 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and an insertion/deletion (I/D)-polymorphism in the ACE gene and the susceptibility for unipolar major depression together with the genetic association with ACE serum activity and functional parameters of the HPA system. Two independent case/control samples with a total of 843 unrelated unipolar depressed patients and 1479 healthy controls were investigated. A case/control sample was screened to detect genetic associations with unipolar major depression. In addition, a replication sample was used to confirm the detected associations and to further investigate functional consequences of the genetic variants associated with depression. In the screening sample, two SNPs within the ACE gene were significantly associated with unipolar major depression. The association with unipolar major depression of one SNP (rs4291) located in the promoter region of the ACE gene was confirmed in our replication sample. The T-allele of this SNP was associated with depression and depressed T-allele carriers showed higher ACE serum activity and HPA-axis hyperactivity. Variants of the ACE gene such as SNP rs4291 are suggested susceptibility factors for unipolar major depression. We could show that SNP rs4291 influences ACE activity and HPA-axis hyperactivity and might therefore represent a common pathophysiologic link for unipolar depression and cardiovascular disease.
			
			
				
			
		 
		
			
				
					
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        Publikationstyp
        Artikel: Journalartikel
    
 
    
        Dokumenttyp
        Wissenschaftlicher Artikel
    
 
    
        Typ der Hochschulschrift
        
    
 
    
        Herausgeber
        
    
    
        Schlagwörter
        major depression; susceptibility; SNP rs4291; ACE; cortisol
    
 
    
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        Sprache
        englisch
    
 
    
        Veröffentlichungsjahr
        2006
    
 
    
        Prepublished im Jahr 
        
    
 
    
        HGF-Berichtsjahr
        0
    
 
    
    
        ISSN (print) / ISBN
        1359-4184
    
 
    
        e-ISSN
        1476-5578
    
 
    
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	    Band: 11,  
	    Heft: 11,  
	    Seiten: 1003-1015 
	    Artikelnummer: ,  
	    Supplement: ,  
	
    
 
  
        
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            Verlag
            Nature Publishing Group
        
 
        
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        Begutachtungsstatus
        Peer reviewed
    
 
    
        Institut(e)
        Institute of Epidemiology (EPI)
    
 
    
        POF Topic(s)
        30503 - Chronic Diseases of the Lung and Allergies
    
 
    
        Forschungsfeld(er)
        Genetics and Epidemiology
    
 
    
        PSP-Element(e)
        G-503900-003
    
 
    
        Förderungen
        
    
 
    
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        Erfassungsdatum
        2006-11-09