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Schleede, S.* ; Meinel, F.G.* ; Bech, M.* ; Herzen, J.* ; Achterhold, K.* ; Potdevin, G.* ; Malecki, A.* ; Adam-Neumair, S.* ; Thieme, S.F.* ; Bamberg, F.* ; Nikolaou, K.* ; Bohla, A. ; Yildirim, A.Ö. ; Loewen, R.* ; Gifford, M.* ; Ruth, R.* ; Eickelberg, O. ; Reiser, M.* ; Pfeiffer, F.*

Emphysema diagnosis using X-ray dark-field imaging at a laser-driven compact synchrotron light source.

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 109, 17880-17885 (2012)

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In early stages of various pulmonary diseases, such as emphysema and fibrosis, the change in X-ray attenuation is not detectable with absorption-based radiography. To monitor the morphological changes that the alveoli network undergoes in the progression of these diseases, we propose using the dark-field signal, which is related to small-angle scattering in the sample. Combined with the absorption-based image, the dark-field signal enables better discrimination between healthy and emphysematous lung tissue in a mouse model. All measurements have been performed at 36 keV using a monochromatic laser-driven miniature synchrotron X-ray source (Compact Light Source). In this paper we present grating-based dark-field images of emphysematous vs. healthy lung tissue, where the strong dependence of the dark-field signal on mean alveolar size leads to improved diagnosis of emphysema in lung radiographs.

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