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Cooperation between brain and islet in glucose homeostasis and diabetes.
Nature 503, 59-66 (2013)
Although a prominent role for the brain in glucose homeostasis was proposed by scientists in the nineteenth century, research throughout most of the twentieth century focused on evidence that the function of pancreatic islets is both necessary and sufficient to explain glucose homeostasis, and that diabetes results from defects of insulin secretion, action or both. However, insulin-independent mechanisms, referred to as ‘glucose effectiveness’, account for roughly 50% of overall glucose disposal, and reduced glucose effectiveness also contributes importantly to diabetes pathogenesis. Although mechanisms underlying glucose effectiveness are poorly understood, growing evidence suggests that the brain can dynamically regulate this process in ways that improve or even normalize glycaemia in rodent models of diabetes. Here we present evidence of a brain-centred glucoregulatory system (BCGS) that can lower blood glucose levels via both insulin-dependent and -independent mechanisms, and propose a model in which complex and highly coordinated interactions between the BCGS and pancreatic islets promote normal glucose homeostasis. Because activation of either regulatory system can compensate for failure of the other, defects in both may be required for diabetes to develop. Consequently, therapies that target the BCGS in addition to conventional approaches based on enhancing insulin effects may have the potential to induce diabetes remission, whereas targeting just one typically does not.
Impact Factor
Scopus SNIP
Web of Science
Times Cited
Times Cited
Scopus
Cited By
Cited By
Altmetric
38.597
8.580
193
208
Anmerkungen
Besondere Publikation
Auf Hompepage verbergern
Publikationstyp
Artikel: Journalartikel
Dokumenttyp
Review
Schlagwörter
Y Gastric Bypass ; Severe Insulin-resistance ; Growth-factor 19 ; Food-intake ; Hypothalamic Inflammation ; Bariatric Surgery ; Medical Therapy ; Body-weight ; In-vivo ; Leptin
Sprache
englisch
Veröffentlichungsjahr
2013
HGF-Berichtsjahr
2013
ISSN (print) / ISBN
0028-0836
e-ISSN
1476-4687
Zeitschrift
Nature
Quellenangaben
Band: 503,
Heft: 7474,
Seiten: 59-66
Verlag
Nature Publishing Group
Verlagsort
London
Begutachtungsstatus
Peer reviewed
Institut(e)
Institute of Diabetes and Obesity (IDO)
POF Topic(s)
30201 - Metabolic Health
Forschungsfeld(er)
Helmholtz Diabetes Center
PSP-Element(e)
G-502200-001
PubMed ID
24201279
WOS ID
WOS:000326585600032
Erfassungsdatum
2013-11-08