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Wu, L.* ; Piotrowski, K.* ; Rau, T.T.* ; Waldmann, E.* ; Broedl, U.C.* ; Demmelmair, H.* ; Koletzko, B.* ; Stark, R.G. ; Nagel, J.M.* ; Mantzoros, C.S.* ; Parhofer, K.G.*

Walnut-enriched diet reduces fasting non-HDL-cholesterol and apolipoprotein B in healthy Caucasian subjects: A randomized controlled cross-over clinical trial.

Metabolism 63, 382-391 (2014)
Verlagsversion Volltext DOI PMC
Open Access Green möglich sobald Postprint bei der ZB eingereicht worden ist.
BACKGROUND: Walnut consumption is associated with reduced risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). OBJECTIVE: We assessed the effect of walnuts on lipid and glucose metabolism, adipokines, inflammation and endothelial function in healthy Caucasian men and postmenopausal women ≥50years old. DESIGN: Forty subjects (mean±SEM: age 60±1years, BMI 24.9±0.6kg/m2; 30 females) were included in a controlled, cross-over study and randomized to receive first a walnut-enriched (43g/d) and then a Western-type (control) diet or vice-versa, with each lasting 8weeks and separated by a 2-week wash-out. At the beginning and end of each diet phase, measurements of fasting values, a mixed meal test and an assessment of postprandial endothelial function (determination of microcirculation by peripheral artery tonometry) were conducted. Area under the curve (AUC), incremental AUC (iAUC) and treatment×time interaction (shape of the curve) were evaluated for postprandial triglycerides, VLDL-triglycerides, chylomicron-triglycerides, glucose and insulin. RESULTS: Compared with the control diet, the walnut diet significantly reduced non-HDL-cholesterol (walnut vs. control: -10±3 vs. -3±2mg/dL; p=0.025) and apolipoprotein-B (-5.0±1.3 vs. -0.2±1.1mg/dL; p=0.009) after adjusting for age, gender, BMI and diet sequence. Total cholesterol showed a trend toward reduction (p=0.073). Fasting VLDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides and glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, and HbA1c did not change significantly. Similarly, fasting adipokines, C-reactive protein, biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction, postprandial lipid and glucose metabolism and endothelial function were unaffected. CONCLUSION: Daily consumption of 43g of walnuts for 8weeks significantly reduced non-HDL-cholesterol and apolipoprotein-B, which may explain in part the epidemiological observation that regular walnut consumption decreases CHD risk.
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Publikationstyp Artikel: Journalartikel
Dokumenttyp Wissenschaftlicher Artikel
Korrespondenzautor
Schlagwörter Nuts; Lipids; Glucose; Endothelial function; Peripheral artery tonometry; Coronary-heart-disease; Density-lipoprotein Cholesterol; Alpha-linolenic Acid; Cardiovascular Risk-factors; Type-2 Diabetes-mellitus; Endothelial Function; Hypercholesterolemic Men; Metabolic Syndrome; Fatty-acids; Postprandial Lipemia
ISSN (print) / ISBN 0026-0495
e-ISSN 1532-8600
Zeitschrift Metabolism: clinical and experimental
Quellenangaben Band: 63, Heft: 3, Seiten: 382-391 Artikelnummer: , Supplement: ,
Verlag Elsevier
Verlagsort Philadelphia
Nichtpatentliteratur Publikationen
Begutachtungsstatus Peer reviewed
Institut(e) Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management (IGM)