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Schales, F.

Brief history of 224Ra usage in radiotherapy and radiobiology.

Health Phys. 35, 25-32 (1978)
DOI
Open Access Green möglich sobald Postprint bei der ZB eingereicht worden ist.
224Ra as a short-lived boneseeker is an important substance in medicine as well as in biology. Unsystematic attempts were made a short time after its discovery to introduce 224Ra in therapy. Besides its external application in dermatology the treatment of rheumatic disease by intravenous injection seemed to be promising. From 1944-1952 about 2,000 patients, most of them with tuberculosis or ankylosing spondylitis were treated in a German hospital with repeated intravenous injections of 'Peteosthor', a combination containing 224Ra with traces of platinum and eosin. The patients of this group, among them many children, received injections totalling up to about 4000μCi 224Ra. Following this therapy, different lesions were observed which were suspected to be due to irradiation. These patients are being followed up by Spiess. The treatment of rheumatic diseases, mainly ankylosing spondylitis, by injections of 224Ra has nevertheless continued up to now. More than 1.500 additional patients have been treated in German hospitals. This group, exclusively adults, has received rather low amounts (250-300μCi) of 224R and are now also under study. While in the Spiess series more than 50 bone sarcomas were observed, in the second group among about 600 living and 200 deceased only one sarcoma, a reticulum cell sarcoma of bone marrow, has been observed so far. Based on various linear hypothetical dose-effect relationships in this group an osteosarcoma incidence of 3-5 per 1,000 patients could be expected during the first 20 years following average skeletal doses of 56 rad. The activity applied was expressed in the past in 'electrostatic units'. Retrospective dose calculations make necessary the conversion of this specification to Curie terms. A typical stated activity of 200 e.s.u. for the day of injection corresponds to about 28μCi 224Ra at that time. In experiments started in 1965 in Neuherberg, Germany, the acute and late effects of 224Ra and 227Th in rats and mice are investigated. Similar experiments are under way in Czechoslovakia. In Salt Lake City, Utah, in connection with studies on boneseeking radioisotope using dogs, a pilot study on 224Ra was started in 1963. Together with studies of Ra and Th toxicity a mock dial paint containing 224Ra and 234Th was developed which yielded interesting results for radium metabolism in man. As 224Ra is a 232Th decay product, it might play a certain role in the Thorotrast problem. Further international collaboration in these fields will be necessary in the future to improve knowledge on dose and dose effect.
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Publikationstyp Artikel: Journalartikel
Dokumenttyp Wissenschaftlicher Artikel
Korrespondenzautor
ISSN (print) / ISBN 0017-9078
e-ISSN 1538-5159
Zeitschrift Health Physics
Quellenangaben Band: 35, Heft: 1, Seiten: 25-32 Artikelnummer: , Supplement: ,
Verlag Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Nichtpatentliteratur Publikationen
Begutachtungsstatus Peer reviewed
Institut(e) Departments & Institutes