By means of the electromagnetic theory response curves of optical particle counters (OPC's) can be calculated which describe the flux of light scattered through the collecting aperture of the instrument as function of the diameter d of a spherical particle. Parameter of such curves is the refractive index m of the particle material. The electromagnetic theory of light scattering on spherical particles yields the rigorous solution of the problem. The mathematical formalism of the Mie-theory, however, hardly allows a physical understanding and interpretation of the results. This can be better done by using two approximations. In the limiting case d less than less than lambda ( lambda : wavelength of light) the particle oscillates like a dipole and light scattering can be expressed by polarizability (volume effect). In the limiting case d greater than greater than lambda light scattering becomes a surface effect and the scattered light can be considered as existing of three components which are due to the physical effects of diffraction, reflection and refraction.