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ROS, thiols and thiol-regulating systems in male gametogenesis.
Biochim. Biophys. Acta-Gen. Subj. 1850, 1566-1574 (2015)
BACKGROUND: During maturation and storage, spermatozoa generate substantial amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and are thus forced to cope with an increasing oxidative environment that is both needed and detrimental to their biology. Such a janus-faceted intermediate needs to be tightly controlled and this is done by a wide array of redox enzymes. These enzymes not only have to prevent unspecific modifications of essential cellular biomolecules by quenching undesired ROS, but they are required and often directly involved in critical protein modifications. SCOPE OF REVIEW: The present review is conceived to present an update on what is known about critical roles of redox enzymes, whereby special emphasis is put on the family of glutathione peroxidases, which for the time being present the best characterized tasks during gametogenesis. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS: We therefore demonstrate that understanding the function of (seleno)thiol-based oxidases/reductases is not a trivial task and relevant knowledge will be mainly gained by using robust systems, as exemplified by several (conditional) knockout studies. We thus stress the importance of using such models for providing unequivocal evidence in the molecular understanding of redox regulatory mechanisms in sperm maturation. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE: ROS are not only detrimental by-products of metabolism and its proper generation and usage by specific enzymes is essential for vital functions as beautifully exemplified during male gametogenesis. As such, lessons learnt from thiol-based oxidases/reductases in male gametogenesis could be used as a general principle for other organs as it is most likely not only restricted to this developmental phase. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Redox regulation of differentiation and de-differentiation.
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Publikationstyp
Artikel: Journalartikel
Dokumenttyp
Review
Schlagwörter
Glutathione Peroxidase ; Oxidative Stress ; Selenium ; Selenoproteins ; Spermatogenesis; Hydroperoxide Glutathione-peroxidase; Mitochondrial Thioredoxin Reductase; Early Embryonic Lethality; Disulfide Bond Formation; Oxidative Stress; Reactive Oxygen; Cell-death; Superoxide-dismutase; Human-spermatozoa; Sperm Maturation
ISSN (print) / ISBN
0304-4165
e-ISSN
1872-8006
Zeitschrift
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - General Subjects
Quellenangaben
Band: 1850,
Heft: 8,
Seiten: 1566-1574
Verlag
Elsevier
Verlagsort
Amsterdam
Nichtpatentliteratur
Publikationen
Begutachtungsstatus
Peer reviewed
Institut(e)
Institute of Developmental Genetics (IDG)