PuSH - Publikationsserver des Helmholtz Zentrums München: Ectomycorrhizal communities on the roots of two beech (<em>Fagus sylvatica</em>) populations from contrasting climate differ in nitrogen acquisition in a common environment.

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Leberecht, M.* ; Dannenmann, M.* ; Gschwendtner, S. ; Bilela, S.* ; Meier, R.* ; Simon, J.* ; Rennenberg, H.* ; Schloter, M. ; Polle, A.*

Ectomycorrhizal communities on the roots of two beech (Fagus sylvatica) populations from contrasting climate differ in nitrogen acquisition in a common environment.

Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 81, 5957-5967 (2015)

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Beech (Fagus sylvatica), a dominant forest species in Central Europe, competes for nitrogen with soil microbes and suffers from N limitation under dry conditions. We hypothesized that ectomycorrhizal communities and the free living rhizosphere microbes from beech trees of two contrasting climatic conditions exhibit differences in N acquisition that contribute to differences in host N uptake and are related to differences in host below-ground carbon allocation. To test these hypotheses young trees from the natural regeneration of two genetically similar populations, one from dryer conditions (SW) and the other from cooler, moist climate (NE) were transplanted into a homogeneous substrate in the same environment and labelled with (13)CO2 and (15)NH4 (+). Free living rhizosphere microbes were characterized by marker genes for the N cycle, but no differences between the rhizosphere of SW or NE trees were found. Lower (15)N enrichment was found in the ectomycorrhizal communities of NE compared with the SW communities, whereas no significant differences were observed for non-mycorrhizal root tips of SW and NE trees. Neither ectomycorrhizal communities nor non-mycorhizal root tips showed differences in (13)C signatures between the NE and SW origins. Because (15)N accumulation in fine roots and transfer to leaves were lower in NE compared to SW trees, our data support that ectomycorrhizal community influence N transfer to their host and demonstrate that the fungal community from the dry condition was more efficient in N acquisition when environmental constraints were relieved. These findings highlight the importance of adapted ectomycorrhizal communities for forest nutrition in a changing climate.

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