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Current status of immunomodulatory therapy in chronic hepatitis B, fifty years after discovery of the virus: Search for the "magic bullet" to kill cccDNA.
Antiviral Res. 123, 193-203 (2015)
Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is currently treated with IFN-α and nucleos(t)ide analogues, which have many clinical benefits, but there is no ultimate cure. The major problem consists in the persistence of cccDNA in infected hepatocytes. Because no antiviral drug has been evaluated which significantly reduces copies of cccDNA, cytolytic and noncytolytic approaches are needed. Effective virus-specific T- and B-cell responses remain crucial in eliminating cccDNA-carrying hepatocytes and for the long-term control of HBV infection. Reduction of viremia by antiviral drugs provides a window for reconstitution of an HBV-specific immune response. Preclinical studies in mice and woodchucks have shown that immunostimulatory strategies, such as prime-boost vaccination and PD-1 blockade, can boost a weak virus-specific T cell response and lead to effective control of HBV infection. Based on data obtained in our preclinical studies, the combination of antiviral drugs and immunomodulators may control HBV viremia during a patient's drug-off period. In this article, we review current immune-modulatory approaches for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B and the elimination of cccDNA in preclinical models. This article forms part of a symposium in Antiviral Research on "An unfinished story: from the discovery of the Australia antigen to the development of new curative therapies for hepatitis".
Impact Factor
Scopus SNIP
Web of Science
Times Cited
Times Cited
Scopus
Cited By
Cited By
Altmetric
3.938
1.168
13
32
Anmerkungen
Besondere Publikation
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Publikationstyp
Artikel: Journalartikel
Dokumenttyp
Wissenschaftlicher Artikel
Schlagwörter
Hepatitis B Virus ; Immunomodulators ; Immunotherapy ; Prime-boost Immunization ; Cccdna
Sprache
englisch
Veröffentlichungsjahr
2015
HGF-Berichtsjahr
2016
ISSN (print) / ISBN
0166-3542
e-ISSN
1872-9096
Zeitschrift
Antiviral Research
Quellenangaben
Band: 123,
Seiten: 193-203
Verlag
Elsevier
Verlagsort
Amsterdam
Begutachtungsstatus
Peer reviewed
Institut(e)
Institute of Virology (VIRO)
POF Topic(s)
30203 - Molecular Targets and Therapies
Forschungsfeld(er)
Immune Response and Infection
PSP-Element(e)
G-502700-003
WOS ID
WOS:000365368600023
PubMed ID
26476376
Erfassungsdatum
2016-12-31