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Izzo, A.* ; Schneider, R.*

The role of linker histone H1 modifications in the regulation of gene expression and chromatin dynamics.

Biochim. Biophys. Acta-Gene Regul. Mech. 1859, 486-495 (2016)
DOI PMC
BACKGROUND: Linker histone H1 is a structural component of chromatin. It exists as a family of related proteins known as variants and/or subtypes. H1.1, H1.2, H1.3, H1.4 and H1.5 are present in most somatic cells, whereas other subtypes are mainly expressed in more specialized cells. SCOPE OF REVIEW: H1 subtypes have been shown to have unique functions in chromatin structure and dynamics. This can occur at least in part via specific post-translational modifications of distinct H1 subtypes. However, while core histone modifications have been extensively studied, our knowledge of H1 modifications and their molecular functions has remained for a long time limited to phosphorylation. In this review we discuss the current state of knowledge of linker histone H1 modifications and where possible highlight functional differences in the modifications of distinct H1 subtypes. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS AND GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE: H1 histones are intensely post-translationally modified. These modifications are located in the N- and C-terminal tails as well as within the globular domain. Recently, advanced mass spectrometrical analysis revealed a large number of novel histone H1 subtype specific modification sites and types. H1 modifications include phosphorylation, acetylation, methylation, ubiquitination, and ADP ribosylation. They are involved in the regulation of all aspects of linker histone functions, however their mechanism of action is often only poorly understood. Therefore systematic functional characterization of H1 modifications will be necessary in order to better understand their role in gene regulation as well as in higher-order chromatin structure and dynamics. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Histone H1, edited by Dr. Albert Jordan.
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Publikationstyp Artikel: Journalartikel
Dokumenttyp Wissenschaftlicher Artikel
Korrespondenzautor
Schlagwörter Chromatin Dynamics ; Epigenetic ; H1 Subtypes ; Linker Histone H1
ISSN (print) / ISBN 1874-9399
e-ISSN 1876-4320
Zeitschrift Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Gene Regulatory Mechanisms
Quellenangaben Band: 1859, Heft: 3, Seiten: 486-495 Artikelnummer: , Supplement: ,
Verlag Elsevier
Nichtpatentliteratur Publikationen
Begutachtungsstatus Peer reviewed
Institut(e) Institute of Functional Epigenetics (IFE)