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Open Access Green möglich sobald Postprint bei der ZB eingereicht worden ist.
Carbon and chlorine isotope fractionation patterns associated with different engineered chloroform transformation reactions.
Environ. Sci. Technol. 51, 6174-6184 (2017)
To use compound-specific isotope analysis for confidently [GRAPHIC] assessing organic contaminant attenuation in the environment, isotope fractionation patterns associated with different transformation mechanisms must first be explored in laboratory experiments. To deliver this information for the common groundwater contaminant chloroform (CF), this study investigated for the first time both carbon and chlorine isotope fractionation for three different engineered reactions: oxidative C-H bond cleavage using heat-activated persulfate, transformation under alkaline conditions (pH similar to 12) and reductive CCl bond cleavage by cast zerovalent iron, Fe(0). Carbon and chlorine isotope fractionation values were -8 +/- 1 parts per thousand and -0.44 +/- 0.06 parts per thousand for oxidation, -57 +/- 5 parts per thousand and -4.4 +/- 0.4 parts per thousand for alkaline hydrolysis (pH 11.84 +/- 0.03), and -33 +/- 11 parts per thousand and -3 +/- 1 parts per thousand for dechlorination, respectively. Carbon and chlorine apparent kinetic isotope effects (AKIEs) were in general agreement with expected mechanisms (CH bond cleavage in oxidation by persulfate, CCl bond cleavage in Fe(0)-mediated reductive dechlorination and E1(CB) elimination mechanism during alkaline hydrolysis) where a secondary AKIE(Cl) (1.00045 +/- 0.00004) was observed for oxidation. The different dual carbon-chlorine (Delta delta C-13 vs Delta delta Cl-37) isotope patterns for oxidation by thermally activated persulfate and alkaline hydrolysis (17 +/- 2 and 13.0 +/- 0.8, respectively) vs reductive dechlorination by Fe(0) (8 +/- 2) establish a base to identify and quantify these CF degradation mechanisms in the field.
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Publikationstyp
Artikel: Journalartikel
Dokumenttyp
Wissenschaftlicher Artikel
Schlagwörter
Thermally Activated Persulfate; Volatile Organic-compounds; Ratio Mass-spectrometry; Situ Chemical Oxidation; Long-term Performance; Zero-valent Iron; Reductive Dechlorination; Degradation Pathways; Vinyl-chloride; Petroleum-hydrocarbons
ISSN (print) / ISBN
0013-936X
e-ISSN
1520-5851
Zeitschrift
Environmental Science & Technology
Quellenangaben
Band: 51,
Heft: 11,
Seiten: 6174-6184
Verlag
ACS
Verlagsort
Washington, DC
Nichtpatentliteratur
Publikationen
Begutachtungsstatus
Peer reviewed
Institut(e)
Institute of Groundwater Ecology (IGOE)