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Stephan, A.J.* ; Schwettmann, L. ; Meisinger, C. ; Ladwig, K.-H. ; Linkohr, B. ; Thorand, B. ; Schulz, H. ; Peters, A. ; Grill, E.*

Living longer but less healthy: The female disadvantage in health expectancy. Results from the KORA-Age study.

Exp. Gerontol. 145:111196 (2021)
DOI PMC
Open Access Green möglich sobald Postprint bei der ZB eingereicht worden ist.
Objectives: We explored the male-female health-survival paradox in the context of health expectancy (HE) at age 65 and thereafter, using three different morbidity measures and different severity cut-offs with and without adjustments for the share of nursing home residents. Methods: HE at ages 65, 70, 75, 80, and 85 was estimated with the Sullivan method, linking morbidity prevalence from the KORA (Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg)-Age study to 2016 Bavarian mortality data. Morbidity measures comprised deficit accumulation (Frailty Index, FI, cut-offs 0.08 and 0.25), disability (Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index, HAQ-DI, cut-off >0) and participation (Global Activity Limitation Indicator, GALI, “limited” vs “not limited”). Results: Morbidity data were available for 4083 participants (52.7% female). HE was lower in women than in men at all ages. Differences in morbidity prevalence, absolute HE, and health proportions of life expectancy (relative HE) increased with age for FI ≥ 0.25 and GALI, but not for HAQ-DI > 0 and FI > 0.08. Accounting for the share of nursing home residents resulted in a slight reduction of HE estimates but had no impact on estimated sex differences. Conclusions: In HE at age 65 and thereafter, women's health disadvantage was larger than their life expectancy advantage over men.
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Publikationstyp Artikel: Journalartikel
Dokumenttyp Wissenschaftlicher Artikel
Korrespondenzautor
Schlagwörter Aged ; Health Status Disparities ; Health Status Indicators ; Life Expectancy ; Morbidity ; Sex Characteristics
ISSN (print) / ISBN 0531-5565
e-ISSN 0531-5565
Zeitschrift Experimental Gerontology
Quellenangaben Band: 145, Heft: , Seiten: , Artikelnummer: 111196 Supplement: ,
Verlag Elsevier
Verlagsort The Boulevard, Langford Lane, Kidlington, Oxford Ox5 1gb, England
Nichtpatentliteratur Publikationen
Begutachtungsstatus Peer reviewed
Institut(e) Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management (IGM)
Independent Research Group Clinical Epidemiology (KEPI)
Institute of Epidemiology II (EPI2)
Institute of Epidemiology (EPI)
Förderungen German Research Foundation
German Federal Ministry of Education and Research as part of the 'Health in old age' program
State of Bavaria
Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen - German Research Center for Environmental Health - German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)