Huhn, K.* ; Linz, P.* ; Pemsel, F.* ; Michalke, B. ; Seyferth, S.* ; Kopp, C.* ; Chaudri, M.A.* ; Rothhammer, V.* ; Dörfler, A.* ; Uder, M.* ; Nagel, A.M.* ; Müller, D.N.* ; Waschbisch, A.* ; Lee, D.H.* ; Bäuerle, T.* ; Linker, R.A.* ; Haase, S.*
Skin sodium is increased in male patients with multiple sclerosis and related animal models.
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 118:e2102549118 (2021)
Novel MRI techniques allow a noninvasive quantification of tissue sodium and reveal the skin as a prominent compartment of sodium storage in health and disease. Since multiple sclerosis (MS) immunopathology is initiated in the periphery and increased sodium concentrations induce proinflammatory immune cells, the skin represents a promising compartment linking high sodium concentrations and MS immunopathology. We used a 7-T sodium MRI (23Na-MRI) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry to investigate the skin sodium content in two mouse models of MS. We additionally performed 3-T 23Na-MRI of calf skin and muscles in 29 male relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) patients and 29 matched healthy controls. Demographic and clinical information was collected from interviews, and disease activity was assessed by expanded disability status scale scoring. 23Na-MRI and chemical analysis demonstrated a significantly increased sodium content in the skin during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis independent of active immunization. In male patients with RRMS, 23Na-MRI demonstrated a higher sodium signal in the area of the skin compared to age- and biological sex-matched healthy controls with higher sodium, predicting future disease activity in cranial MRI. In both studies, the sodium enrichment was specific to the skin, as we found no alterations of sodium signals in the muscle or other tissues. Our data add to the recently identified importance of the skin as a storage compartment of sodium and may further represent an important organ for future investigations on salt as a proinflammatory agent driving autoimmune neuroinflammation such as that in MS.
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Publikationstyp
Artikel: Journalartikel
Dokumenttyp
Wissenschaftlicher Artikel
Typ der Hochschulschrift
Herausgeber
Schlagwörter
Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis ; Multiple Sclerosis ; Skin ; Sodium Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Dietary-sodium; Tissue Sodium; Na+ Storage; Spot Urine; Mri; Balance; Electrolyte; Macrophages; Activation; Deposition
Keywords plus
Sprache
englisch
Veröffentlichungsjahr
2021
Prepublished im Jahr
HGF-Berichtsjahr
2021
ISSN (print) / ISBN
0027-8424
e-ISSN
1091-6490
ISBN
Bandtitel
Konferenztitel
Konferzenzdatum
Konferenzort
Konferenzband
Quellenangaben
Band: 118,
Heft: 28,
Seiten: ,
Artikelnummer: e2102549118
Supplement: ,
Reihe
Verlag
National Academy of Sciences
Verlagsort
2101 Constitution Ave Nw, Washington, Dc 20418 Usa
Tag d. mündl. Prüfung
0000-00-00
Betreuer
Gutachter
Prüfer
Topic
Hochschule
Hochschulort
Fakultät
Veröffentlichungsdatum
0000-00-00
Anmeldedatum
0000-00-00
Anmelder/Inhaber
weitere Inhaber
Anmeldeland
Priorität
Begutachtungsstatus
Peer reviewed
POF Topic(s)
30202 - Environmental Health
Forschungsfeld(er)
Environmental Sciences
PSP-Element(e)
G-504800-002
Förderungen
Preclinical Imaging Platform Erlangen (Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany)
Copyright
Erfassungsdatum
2021-07-21