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Pieczonka, S.A.* ; Paravicini, S.* ; Rychlik, M.* ; Schmitt-Kopplin, P.

On the trail of the German purity law: Distinguishing the metabolic signatures of wheat, corn and rice in beer.

Front. Chem. 9:715372 (2021)
Verlagsversion Forschungsdaten DOI PMC
Open Access Gold
Creative Commons Lizenzvertrag
Here, we report a non-targeted analytical approach to investigate the influence of different starch sources on the metabolic signature in the final beer product. An extensive sample set of commercial beers brewed with barley, wheat, corn and/or rice were analyzed by both direct infusion Fourier transform ion cyclotron mass spectrometry (DI-FTICR MS, 400 samples) and UPLC-ToF-MS (100 samples). By its unrivaled mass resolution and accuracy, DI-FTICR-MS was able to uncover the compositional space of both polar and non-polar metabolites that can be traced back to the use of different starch sources. Reversed phase UPLC-ToF-MS was used to access information about molecular structures (MS2-fragmentation spectra) and isomeric separation, with a focus on less polar compounds. Both analytical approaches were able to achieve a clear statistical differentiation (OPLS-DA) of beer samples and reveal metabolic profiles according to the starch source. A mass difference network analysis, applied to the exact marker masses resolved by FTICR, showed a network of potential secondary metabolites specific to wheat, corn and rice. By MS2-similarity networks, database and literature search, we were able to identify metabolites and compound classes significant for the use of the different starch sources. Those were also found in the corresponding brewing raw materials, confirming the potential of our approach for quality control and monitoring. Our results also include the identification of the aspartic acid-conjugate of N-β-D-glucopyranosyl-indole-3-acetic acid as a potential marker for the use of rice in the brewing industry regarding quality control and food inspection purposes.
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Publikationstyp Artikel: Journalartikel
Dokumenttyp Wissenschaftlicher Artikel
Korrespondenzautor
Schlagwörter Fticr-ms ; Authentication ; Beer ; Foodomics ; Mass Difference Network ; Metabolomics ; Molecular Networking ; Purity Law; Tandem Mass-spectrometry; Malt Beer; Optimization; Performance; Improvement; Varieties; Quality; Time
ISSN (print) / ISBN 2296-2646
e-ISSN 2296-2646
Zeitschrift Frontiers in Chemistry
Quellenangaben Band: 9, Heft: , Seiten: , Artikelnummer: 715372 Supplement: ,
Verlag Frontiers
Verlagsort Lausanne
Nichtpatentliteratur Publikationen
Begutachtungsstatus Peer reviewed
Institut(e) Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry (BGC)