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Thiede, K.I.* ; Born, J. ; Vorster, A.P.A.*

Sleep and conditioning of the siphon withdrawal reflex in Aplysia.

J. Exp. Biol. 224:jeb242431 (2021)
Verlagsversion Forschungsdaten DOI PMC
Open Access Gold (Paid Option)
Creative Commons Lizenzvertrag
Sleep is essential for memory consolidation after learning as shown in mammals and invertebrates such as bees and flies. Aplysia californica displays sleep and sleep in this mollusk was also found to support memory for an operant conditioning task. Here, we investigated whether sleep in Aplysia is also required for memory consolidation in a simpler type of learning, i.e., the conditioning of the siphon withdrawal reflex. Two groups of animals (Wake, Sleep, each n=11) were conditioned on the siphon withdrawal reflex with the training following a classical conditioning procedure where an electrical tail shock served as unconditioned stimulus (US) and a tactile stimulus to the siphon as conditioned stimulus (CS). Responses to the CS were tested before (Pre-test), 24 and 48 hours after training. While Wake animals remained awake for 6 hours after training, Sleep animals had undisturbed sleep. The 24h-test in both groups was combined with extinction training, i.e., the extended presentation of the CS alone over two blocks. At the 24h-test, siphon withdrawal durations to the CS were distinctly enhanced in both Sleep and Wake groups with no significant difference between groups, consistent with the view that consolidation of a simple conditioned reflex response does not require post-training sleep. Surprisingly, extinction training did not reverse the enhancement of responses to the CS. On the contrary, at the 48h-test, withdrawal durations to the CS were even further enhanced across both groups. This suggests that processes of sensitization, an even simpler non-associative type of learning, contributed to the withdrawal responses. Our study provides evidence for the hypothesis that sleep preferentially benefits consolidation of more complex learning paradigms than conditioning of simple reflexes.
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Publikationstyp Artikel: Journalartikel
Dokumenttyp Wissenschaftlicher Artikel
Korrespondenzautor
Schlagwörter Aplysia ; Classical Conditioning ; Invertebrate ; Memory Consolidation ; Mollusk ; Sensitization ; Sleep; Deprivation Affects Extinction; Term Operant Memory; Circadian Modulation; Consolidation; Sensitization; Food
ISSN (print) / ISBN 0022-0949
e-ISSN 1477-9145
Zeitschrift The journal of experimental biology
Quellenangaben Band: 224, Heft: 16, Seiten: , Artikelnummer: jeb242431 Supplement: ,
Verlag Company of Biologists
Verlagsort Cambridge
Nichtpatentliteratur Publikationen
Begutachtungsstatus Peer reviewed
Institut(e) Institute of Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases (IDM)
Förderungen Evangelisches Studienwerk Villigst
European Research Council
University of Tubingen