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Tiwari, A.* ; Gulbake, A.S.* ; Kumar, P.

Lipid nanoparticles and nanoemulsions exploited in the diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases.

In: Nanotheranostics for Treatment and Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases. 2022. 229-273 (Nanotheranostics for Treatment and Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases)
DOI
In the 20th century, the primary option for the treatment of infectious diseases was based on using conventional antibiotics, antivirals, antifungals, antiprotozoals, and anthelminthics drugs. However, these therapies lose their therapeutic value with time due to the development of drug resistance in microorganisms. The concept of immunization is also a well-developed strategy to prevent infectious diseases in humans and other animals, which harness the endogenous disease-fighting immune mechanism. Advancement in nanotechnology transformed the conventional approaches for disease treatment and diagnosis. The nanocarriers are effective in inducing the naïve immune activity against the pathogens/immune diseases and are capable to improve the therapeutic value significantly. Lipid nanoparticles and nanoemulsions having a composition similar to the intrinsic cell membrane are novel vehicles for the delivery of therapeutic compounds in a controlled and temporal manner. Thus, they can improve the medicinal value of therapeutic compounds by improving the specificity up to molecular level target, avoidance of off-target delivery with minimum or no adverse events. The ease of development approaches makes them suitable as a potential tool for disease diagnosis and the delivery of traditional drugs, proteins as well as nucleic acid-based therapeutics. The manipulation of these lipid-based nanocarriers could further help in avoidance of foreign body immune reactions and reticuloendothelial escape (RES) uptake, in addition to high loading and targeting efficiency, enhanced permeation, and retention (EPR), intracellular delivery and lesser toxicity. It enables the lipid nano carriers as the potential tool to combat the infectious diseases. The current chapter is focused on the development of these lipid-based nanocarriers, their diagnostic and therapeutic applications and outlines the possible strategies to improve the scope of lipid-based carriers in infectious diseases.
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Publikationstyp Artikel: Sammelbandbeitrag/Buchkapitel
Korrespondenzautor
Schlagwörter Infectious Disease ; Intracellular Delivery ; Lipid Nanoparticles ; Nanoemulsion ; Noninvasive Methods ; Novel Lipids ; Targeted Delivery ; Vaccines ; X-ray
Bandtitel Nanotheranostics for Treatment and Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases
Quellenangaben Band: , Heft: , Seiten: 229-273 Artikelnummer: , Supplement: ,
Nichtpatentliteratur Publikationen
Institut(e) Institute of Lung Health and Immunity (LHI)