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Katsumoto, K.* ; Yennek, S.* ; Chen, C. ; Silva, L.F.D.* ; Traikov, S.* ; Sever, D.* ; Azad, A.* ; Shan, J.* ; Vainio, S.* ; Ninov, N. ; Speier, S. ; Grapin-Botton, A.

Wnt4 is heterogeneously activated in maturing β-cells to control calcium signaling, metabolism and function.

Nat. Commun. 13:6255 (2022)

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Diabetes is a multifactorial disorder characterized by loss or dysfunction of pancreatic β-cells. β-cells are heterogeneous, exhibiting different glucose sensing, insulin secretion and gene expression. They communicate with other endocrine cell types via paracrine signals and between β-cells via gap junctions. Here, we identify the importance of signaling between β-cells via the extracellular signal WNT4. We show heterogeneity in Wnt4 expression, most strikingly in the postnatal maturation period, Wnt4-positive cells, being more mature while Wnt4-negative cells are more proliferative. Knock-out in adult β-cells shows that WNT4 controls the activation of calcium signaling in response to a glucose challenge, as well as metabolic pathways converging to lower ATP/ADP ratios, thereby reducing insulin secretion. These results reveal that paracrine signaling between β-cells is important in addition to gap junctions in controling insulin secretion. Together with previous reports of WNT4 up-regulation in obesity our observations suggest an adaptive insulin response coordinating β-cells.

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