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Musiol, S. ; Harris, C. ; Karlina, R. ; Gostner, J.M.* ; Rathkolb, B. ; Schnautz, B. ; Schneider, E. ; Mair, L.* ; Vergara, E.E. ; Flexeder, C. ; Koletzko, S.* ; Bauer, C.P.* ; Schikowski, T.* ; Berdel, D.* ; von Berg, A.* ; Herberth, G.* ; Rozman, J. ; Hrabě de Angelis, M. ; Standl, M. ; Schmidt-Weber, C.B. ; Ussar, S. ; Alessandrini, F.

Dietary digestible carbohydrates are associated with higher prevalence of asthma in humans and with aggravated lung allergic inflammation in mice.

Allergy 78, 1218-1233 (2022)
Postprint DOI PMC
Open Access Green
BACKGROUND: Dietary carbohydrates and fats are intrinsically correlated within the habitual diet. We aimed to disentangle the associations of starch and sucrose from those of fat, in relation to allergic sensitization, asthma and rhinoconjuctivitis prevalence in humans, and to investigate underlying mechanisms using murine models. METHODS: Epidemiological data from participants of two German birth cohorts (age 15) were used in logistic regression analyses testing cross-sectional associations of starch and sucrose (and their main dietary sources) with aeroallergen sensitization, asthma and rhinoconjunctivitis, adjusting for correlated fats (saturated, monounsaturated, omega-6 and omega-3 polyunsaturated) and other covariates. For mechanistic insights, murine models of aeroallergen-induced allergic airway inflammation (AAI) fed with a low-fat-high-sucrose or -high-starch versus a high-fat diet were used to characterize and quantify disease development. Metabolic and physiologic parameters were used to track outcomes of dietary interventions and cellular and molecular responses to monitor the development of AAI. Oxidative stress biomarkers were measured in murine sera or lung homogenates. RESULTS: We demonstrate a direct association of dietary sucrose with asthma prevalence in males, while starch was associated with higher asthma prevalence in females. In mice, high-carbohydrate feeding, despite scant metabolic effects, aggravated AAI compared to high-fat in both sexes, as displayed by humoral response, mucus hypersecretion, lung inflammatory cell infiltration and TH 2-TH 17 profiles. Compared to high-fat, high-carbohydrate intake was associated with increased pulmonary oxidative stress, signals of metabolic switch to glycolysis and decreased systemic anti-oxidative capacity. CONCLUSION: High consumption of digestible carbohydrates is associated with increased prevalence of asthma in humans and aggravated lung allergic inflammation in mice, involving oxidative stress-related mechanisms.
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Publikationstyp Artikel: Journalartikel
Dokumenttyp Wissenschaftlicher Artikel
Korrespondenzautor
Schlagwörter Allergic Airway Inflammation ; Asthma ; Carbohydrates ; Nutrition ; Oxidative Stress; Excess Free Fructose; Oxidative Stress; Natural Course; Airway Inflammation; Incident Asthma; Obesity; Childhood; Sex; Sensitization; Exacerbation
ISSN (print) / ISBN 0105-4538
e-ISSN 1398-9995
Zeitschrift Allergy
Quellenangaben Band: 78, Heft: 5, Seiten: 1218-1233 Artikelnummer: , Supplement: ,
Verlag Wiley
Verlagsort 111 River St, Hoboken 07030-5774, Nj Usa
Nichtpatentliteratur Publikationen
Begutachtungsstatus Peer reviewed
Institut(e) Institute for Allergy Research (IAF)
Institute of Epidemiology (EPI)
Institute of Diabetes and Obesity (IDO)
Institute of Experimental Genetics (IEG)
Institute of Lung Biology (LHI)
Förderungen IUF- Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Dusseldorf
Marien-Hospital Wesel
Technische Universitat Munchen
Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen
Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen
Helmholtz-Zentrum fur Umweltforschung
Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung