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Kliesmete, Z.* ; Wange, L.E.* ; Vieth, B.* ; Esgleas Izquierdo, M. ; Radmer, J.* ; Hülsmann, M.* ; Geuder, J.* ; Richter, D.* ; Ohnuki, M.* ; Götz, M. ; Hellmann, I.* ; Enard, W.*

Regulatory and coding sequences of TRNP1 co-evolve with brain size and cortical folding in mammals.

eLife 12:29 (2023)
Postprint DOI PMC
Open Access Gold
Creative Commons Lizenzvertrag
Brain size and cortical folding have increased and decreased recurrently during mammalian evolution. Identifying genetic elements whose sequence or functional properties co-evolve with these traits can provide unique information on evolutionary and developmental mechanisms. A good candidate for such a comparative approach is TRNP1, as it controls proliferation of neural progenitors in mice and ferrets. Here, we investigate the contribution of both regulatory and coding sequences of TRNP1 to brain size and cortical folding in over 30 mammals. We find that the rate of TRNP1 protein evolution (ω) significantly correlates with brain size, slightly less with cortical folding and much less with body size. This brain correlation is stronger than for >95% of random control proteins. This co-evolution is likely affecting TRNP1 activity, as we find that TRNP1 from species with larger brains and more cortical folding induce higher proliferation rates in neural stem cells. Furthermore, we compare the activity of putative cis-regulatory elements (CREs) of TRNP1 in a massively parallel reporter assay and identify one CRE that likely co-evolves with cortical folding in Old World monkeys and apes. Our analyses indicate that coding and regulatory changes that increased TRNP1 activity were positively selected either as a cause or a consequence of increases in brain size and cortical folding. They also provide an example how phylogenetic approaches can inform biological mechanisms, especially when combined with molecular phenotypes across several species.
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Publikationstyp Artikel: Journalartikel
Dokumenttyp Wissenschaftlicher Artikel
Korrespondenzautor
Schlagwörter Brain Folding ; Brain Size ; Co-evolution ; Evolutionary Biology ; Functional Assays ; Genetics ; Genomics ; Human ; Mammals ; Mouse ; Phylogenetics; Cerebral-cortex; Evolution; Primate; Protein; Neocortex; Phylogenies; Enhancers; Chromatin; Expansion; Selection
ISSN (print) / ISBN 2050-084X
e-ISSN 2050-084X
Zeitschrift eLife
Quellenangaben Band: 12, Heft: , Seiten: , Artikelnummer: 29 Supplement: ,
Verlag eLife Sciences Publications
Verlagsort Sheraton House, Castle Park, Cambridge, Cb3 0ax, England
Nichtpatentliteratur Publikationen
Begutachtungsstatus Peer reviewed
Institut(e) Institute of Stem Cell Research (ISF)
Förderungen European Research Council
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
Cyliax foundation