Endothelial cells (ECs) are highly plastic, capable of differentiating into various cell types. Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) is crucial during embryonic development and contributes substantially to vascular dysfunction in many cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). While targeting EndMT holds therapeutic promise, understanding its mechanisms and modulating its pathways remain challenging. Using single-cell RNA sequencing on three in vitro EndMT models, we identified conserved gene signatures. We validated original regulators in vitro and in vivo during embryonic heart development and peripheral artery disease. EndMT induction led to global expression changes in all EC subtypes rather than in mesenchymal clusters. We identified mitochondrial calcium uptake as a key driver of EndMT; inhibiting mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) prevented EndMT in vitro, and conditional Mcu deletion in ECs blocked mesenchymal activation in a hind limb ischemia model. Tissues from patients with critical limb ischemia with EndMT features exhibited significantly elevated endothelial MCU. These findings highlight MCU as a regulator of EndMT and a potential therapeutic target.
FörderungenLa Ligue Contre le Cancer, Septentrion Canadian Institutes of Health Research University of Torino Universite de Lille Institute Pasteur de Lille/ Region Hauts-de-France ITMO Cancer of Aviesan Agence Nationale de la Recherche Investissements d'avenir La Ligue Contre le Cancer (Pas de Calais) Contrat de Plan Etat-Region CPER Cancer National Institutes of Health Cancerople Nord-Ouest-AAP Projets Emergents France Berkley Fund Institut Universitaire de France (IUF) ExNet-0041-Phase2-3 ("SyNergy-HMGU") through the Initiative and Network Fund of the Helmholtz Association Munich Center for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) San Antonio Partnership for Precision Therapeutics (SAPPT) DOD/DHP-CDMRP ITMO Cancer of Aviesan by Inserm