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He, M.* ; Ding, M.* ; Chocholoušková, M.* ; Chin, C.F.* ; Engvall, M.* ; Malmgren, H.* ; Wagner, M. ; Lauffer, M.C.* ; Heisinger, J.* ; Malicdan, M.C.V.* ; Allamand, V.* ; Durbeej, M.* ; Delgado-Vega, A.M.* ; Sejersen, T.* ; Nordgren, A.* ; Torta, F.* ; Silver, D.L.*

SPNS1 variants cause multi-organ disease and implicate lysophospholipid transport as critical for mTOR-regulated lipid homeostasis.

J. Clin. Invest., DOI: 10.1172/JCI193099 (2025)
Postprint DOI PMC
SPNS1 is a lysosomal transporter mediating the salvage of lysoglycerophospholipids, the degradative products of lysosomal phospholipid catabolism. However, a role of lysolipid transport and salvage in regulating cellular lipid homeostasis and in disease is lacking. Here, we identified two families with biallelic SPNS1 loss-of-function variants that presented primarily with progressive liver and striated muscle injury. Patient fibroblasts accumulated lysophospholipids including lysoplasmalogens and cholesterol in lysosomes with reduced cellular plasmalogens. Notably, SPNS1 deficiency resulted in reduced biogenesis of cytosolic lipid droplets containing triglycerides and cholesteryl esters. Mechanistically, we found that lysophospholipids transported by SPNS1 into the cytosol quantitatively contributed to triglyceride synthesis while lysosomal buildup of lyso-ether-phospholipid inhibited lysosomal cholesterol egress, effects that were enhanced with inhibition of mTOR. These findings support a gene-disease association and reveal connectivity between lysosomal transport of lysophospholipids and storage of reserve cellular energy as triglyceride and in the regulation of cholesterol homeostasis, processes that become important under nutrient limitation.
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Publikationstyp Artikel: Journalartikel
Dokumenttyp Wissenschaftlicher Artikel
Korrespondenzautor
Schlagwörter Cell Biology ; Cholesterol ; Lipidomics ; Lysosomes ; Metabolism
ISSN (print) / ISBN 0021-9738
e-ISSN 1558-8238
Zeitschrift Journal of Clinical Investigation
Verlag American Society of Clinical Investigation
Nichtpatentliteratur Publikationen
Begutachtungsstatus Peer reviewed
Institut(e) Institute of Neurogenomics (ING)