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Hovorka, J.* ; Fedorenko, M.* ; Kozakova, O.* ; Šmok, D.* ; Piel, S.K.* ; Gröger, T.M.

Number size distribution and concentration of droplets generated by sailing ships.

Inz. Miner. 3, DOI: 10.29227/IM-2025-02-03-04 (2025)
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Ship diesel engines are a significant source of aerosol nanoparticles on water bodies. The nanoparticles, significantly enriched with various environmental pollutants, are transported ashore by air currents or deposited on the water surface. The predominance of transport over deposition depends on the sedimentation rate of the nanoparticles. In general, the sedimentation rate of nanoparticles is very low, but can be significantly accelerated by scavenging nanoparticles on microdroplets. The mist of microdroplets, a kind of sea-spray aerosol, is generated by sailing ships through hull motion and/or propeller rotation. Therefore, the number and size of microdroplets are critical parameters for the environmental fate of the nanoparticles. The number size distribution and number concentration of microdroplets generated by sailing ships were measured using commercially available disdrometer mounted on the prow of an inflatable boat, which chased the ship. A Meteorological Particle Spectrometer (MPS) was deployed in the Baltic Sea, where a ship with a length of 140 m and a maximum diesel engine power of 7.9 MW was tracked. The distance between the ship and the MPS ranged from 40 to 800 m. The microdroplet number concentration was in the range of 8.2·10-4-3.1 cm-3 and microdroplet size distribution exhibited mode at 0.05 – 0.10 mm. A Laser Precipitation Monitor (LPM) was used on the Vltava River in Prague, where four ships ranging in length from 30 to 50 m with maximum diesel engine power from 125 to 229 kW and a ferry 8.5 m long with engine power of 22 kW were measured. The distance from the ship stern to the LPM varied between 18 and 120 meters. Out of a total of 54 measurements made, 28 were evaluated. An average speed of the ships was 4.5 m·s⁻¹. The microdroplet number concentration ranged between 4.6 10-5-2.6·10-2cm-3, microdroplets number size distributions always showed mode at 0.16 – 0.25 mm. Besides the difference of detection capabilities of the LPM and MPS, the differences between the sea and river experiments for droplet number concentrations and size distribution can be attributed to the difference in size and power of the ships being tracked.
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Publikationstyp Artikel: Journalartikel
Dokumenttyp Wissenschaftlicher Artikel
Schlagwörter Diesel ; Nanoparticles ; Sea Spray Aerosol ; Ship ; Wake ; Water Microdroplets
ISSN (print) / ISBN 1640-4920
e-ISSN 1640-4920
Zeitschrift Inzynieria Mineralna
Quellenangaben Band: 3, Heft: 2 Seiten: , Artikelnummer: , Supplement: ,
Verlag Polish Mineral Engineering Society
Begutachtungsstatus Peer reviewed
Institut(e) Cooperation Group Comprehensive Molecular Analytics (CMA)