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Zhang, K.* ; He, Y.* ; Lin, H.* ; He, J.* ; Wang, Z.* ; Li, W.* ; Chen, Y.* ; Li, J.* ; Shi, Y.* ; Huang, X.* ; Ding, M.* ; Yang, P.* ; Chen, Z.* ; Chitikineni, A.* ; Li, J.* ; Gao, J.* ; Feng, B.* ; Zhang, Z.* ; Hao, M.* ; Mir, R.R.* ; Liu, D.* ; Woo, S.H.* ; Janovská, D.* ; Quinet, M.* ; Fernie, A.R.* ; Liao, W.* ; Feng, X.* ; Gauchan, D.P.* ; Dhami, N.* ; Kreft, I.* ; Piński, A.* ; Betekhtin, A.* ; Spannagl, M. ; Liu, X.* ; Varshney, R.K.* ; Liu, J.* ; Zhou, M.*

Pangenome-guided breeding restores high-altitude adaptation and improves yield in Tartary buckwheat.

Cell 189, 5214-5231 (2026)
DOI
Tartary buckwheat is a nutritionally important crop of the Himalayas and is crucial for local economies and food security. However, key genes and superior alleles for high-altitude adaptability and yield remain poorly defined, constraining the breeding of high-altitude buckwheat varieties. Here, we generated a telomere-to-telomere reference genome and a 16-accession pangenome spanning Himalayan wild populations and globally distributed landraces. We identified 123,131 non-redundant structural variations in 16 accessions, including gene copy-number variations. The graph-based pangenome revealed FtRNH , a wild-specific gene that enhances high-altitude adaptability. We also identified a copy-number variation at the FtPLATZ locus and a 28-bp insertion in the FtPLATZ3 promoter that together contribute to seed-size variation across wild buckwheat and landraces. Leveraging these superior FtRNH and FtPLATZ alleles, we developed buckwheat lines with enhanced high-altitude adaptability and improved yields across sites. These findings establish a pangenome-guided strategy for recovering wild alleles and combining stress adaptation with yield improvement in crops.
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Publikationstyp Artikel: Journalartikel
Dokumenttyp Wissenschaftlicher Artikel
Schlagwörter Buckwheat ; Genetic Breeding ; High-altitude Adaptation ; Himalayan Region ; Pangenome; Alignment; Transcription; Domestication; Biosynthesis; Tolerance; Tool
ISSN (print) / ISBN 0092-8674
e-ISSN 1097-4172
Zeitschrift Cell
Quellenangaben Band: 189, Heft: 17, Seiten: 5214-5231 Artikelnummer: , Supplement: ,
Verlag Elsevier
Verlagsort Cambridge, Mass.
Begutachtungsstatus Peer reviewed
Institut(e) Research Unit Plant Genome and Systems Biology (PGSB)
Förderungen Xizang Special Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Resources Research Collaborative Innovation Center under Provincial-Ministerial Co-construction-Crop Direction Research
Youth Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Science and Technology Projects of the Xizang Autonomous Region, China
National Science Centre, Poland, research project SHENG
Asia Cooperation Fund Project
National Key R&D Program of China
Start-up grant of the Food Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Australia
National Natural Science Foundation of China