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Nolting, J.* ; Daniel, C.* ; Reuter, S.* ; Stuelten, C.* ; Li, P.* ; Sucov, H.* ; Kim, B.G.* ; Letterio, J.J.* ; Kretschmer, K.* ; Kim, H.J.* ; von Boehmer, H.*

Retinoic acid can enhance conversion of naive into regulatory T cells independently of secreted cytokines.

J. Exp. Med. 206, 2131-2139 (2009)
DOI PMC
Open Access Green möglich sobald Postprint bei der ZB eingereicht worden ist.
It has been reported that retinoic acid (RA) enhances regulatory T (T reg) cell conversion by inhibiting the secretion of cytokines that interfere with conversion. This report shows that these conclusions provide a partial explanation at best. First, RA not only interfered with cytokine secretion but also with the ability of these cytokines to inhibit T reg cell conversion of naive T cells. Furthermore, RA enhanced conversion even in the absence of inhibitory cytokines. The latter effect depended on the RA receptor alpha (RAR alpha) but did not require Smad3, despite the fact that RA enhanced Smad3 expression. The RAR alpha 1 isoform was not essential for RA-dependent enhancement of transforming growth factor beta-driven conversion, suggesting that conversion can also be mediated by RAR alpha 2. Interleukin (IL)-6 strongly reduced RAR alpha expression levels such that a deficiency of the predominant RAR alpha 1 isoform leaves too little RAR alpha 2 for RA to inhibit the generation of Th17 cells in the presence of IL-6.
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Publikationstyp Artikel: Journalartikel
Dokumenttyp Wissenschaftlicher Artikel
ISSN (print) / ISBN 0022-1007
e-ISSN 1540-9538
Zeitschrift Journal of Experimental Medicine
Quellenangaben Band: 206, Heft: 10, Seiten: 2131-2139 Artikelnummer: , Supplement: ,
Verlag Rockefeller University Press
Begutachtungsstatus Peer reviewed
Institut(e) Institute of Diabetes Research (IDF)