The ability to sequence entire exomes and genomes has revolutionized molecular testing in rare movement disorders, and genomic sequencing is becoming an integral part of routine diagnostic workflows for these heterogeneous conditions. However, interpretation of the extensive genomic variant information that is being generated presents substantial challenges. In this Perspective, we outline multidimensional strategies for genetic diagnosis in patients with rare movement disorders. We examine bioinformatics tools and computational metrics that have been developed to facilitate accurate prioritization of disease-causing variants. Additionally, we highlight community-driven data-sharing and case-matchmaking platforms, which are designed to foster the discovery of new genotype-phenotype relationships. Finally, we consider how multiomic data integration might optimize diagnostic success by combining genomic, epigenetic, transcriptomic and/or proteomic profiling to enable a more holistic evaluation of variant effects. Together, the approaches that we discuss offer pathways to the improved understanding of the genetic basis of rare movement disorders.
Förderungen European Joint Programme on Rare Diseases German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF, Bonn, Germany) Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) Free State of Bavaria under the Excellence Strategy of the Federal Government and the Laender Scientific Advisory Council of the Dystonia Medical Research Foundation Else Kroner-Fresenius-Stiftung German Research Foundation