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Ainsbury, E.A.* ; Barnard, S.* ; Bright, S.* ; Dalke, C. ; Jarrin, M.* ; Kunze, S. ; Tanner, R.* ; Dynlacht, J.R.* ; Quinlan, R.A.* ; Graw, J. ; Kadhim, M.* ; Hamada, N.*

Ionizing radiation induced cataracts: Recent biological and mechanistic developments and perspectives for future research.

Mutat. Res.- Rev. Mutat. Res. 770, 238-261 (2016)
Postprint DOI
Open Access Green
The lens of the eye has long been considered as a radiosensitive tissue, but recent research has suggested that the radiosensitivity is even greater than previously thought. The 2012 recommendation of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) to substantially reduce the annual occupational equivalent dose limit for the ocular lens has now been adopted in the European Union and is under consideration around the rest of the world. However, ICRP clearly states that the recommendations are chiefly based on epidemiological evidence because there are a very small number of studies that provide explicit biological, mechanistic evidence at doses <2. Gy. This paper aims to present a review of recently published information on the biological and mechanistic aspects of cataracts induced by exposure to ionizing radiation (IR). The data were compiled by assessing the pertinent literature in several distinct areas which contribute to the understanding of IR induced cataracts, information regarding lens biology and general processes of cataractogenesis. Results from cellular and tissue level studies and animal models, and relevant human studies, were examined. The main focus was the biological effects of low linear energy transfer IR, but dosimetry issues and a number of other confounding factors were also considered. The results of this review clearly highlight a number of gaps in current knowledge. Overall, while there have been a number of recent advances in understanding, it remains unknown exactly how IR exposure contributes to opacification. A fuller understanding of how exposure to relatively low doses of IR promotes induction and/or progression of IR-induced cataracts will have important implications for prevention and treatment of this disease, as well as for the field of radiation protection.
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Publikationstyp Artikel: Journalartikel
Dokumenttyp Wissenschaftlicher Artikel
Korrespondenzautor
Schlagwörter Cataract Mechanisms ; Dosimetric Modeling ; Ir ; Lens Biology ; Radiation Cataract ; Radiation Lens Effects; Lens Epithelial-cells; Age-related Cataract; Dose Conversion Coefficients; Induced Genomic Instability; Dynamic Light-scattering; Total-body Irradiation; Atomic-bomb Survivors; High-let Radiation; Human Eye Lens; Optical Coherence Tomography
ISSN (print) / ISBN 1383-5742
e-ISSN 1388-2139
Zeitschrift Mutation Research / Reviews in Mutation Research
Quellenangaben Band: 770, Heft: , Seiten: 238-261 Artikelnummer: , Supplement: ,
Verlag Elsevier
Verlagsort Amsterdam
Nichtpatentliteratur Publikationen
Begutachtungsstatus Peer reviewed
Institut(e) Institute of Developmental Genetics (IDG)