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Wilson, R. ; Wahl, S. ; Pfeiffer, L. ; Ward-Caviness, C.K. ; Kunze, S. ; Kretschmer, A. ; Reischl, E. ; Peters, A. ; Gieger, C. ; Waldenberger, M.

The dynamics of smoking-related disturbed methylation: A two time-point study of methylation change in smokers, non-smokers and former smokers.

BMC Genomics 18:805 (2017)
Verlagsversion DOI PMC
Open Access Gold
Creative Commons Lizenzvertrag
Background: The evidence for epigenome-wide associations between smoking and DNA methylation continues to grow through cross-sectional studies. However, few large-scale investigations have explored the associations using observations for individuals at multiple time-points. Here, through the use of the Illumina 450K BeadChip and data collected at two time-points separated by approximately 7years, we investigate changes in methylation over time associated with quitting smoking or remaining a former smoker, and those associated with continued smoking. Results: Our results indicate that after quitting smoking the most rapid reversion of altered methylation occurs within the first two decades, with reversion rates related to the initial differences in methylation. For 52 CpG sites, the change in methylation from baseline to follow-up is significantly different for former smokers relative to the change for never smokers (lowest p-value 3.61 x 10 -39 for cg26703534, gene AHRR). Most of these sites' respective regions have been previously implicated in smoking-associated diseases. Despite the early rapid change, dynamism of methylation appears greater in former smokers vs never smokers even four decades after cessation. Furthermore, our study reveals the heterogeneous effect of continued smoking: the methylation levels of some loci further diverge between smokers and non-smokers, while others re-approach. Though intensity of smoking habit appears more significant than duration, results remain inconclusive. Conclusions: This study improves the understanding of the dynamic link between cigarette smoking and methylation, revealing the continued fluctuation of methylation levels decades after smoking cessation and demonstrating that continuing smoking can have an array of effects. The results can facilitate insights into the molecular mechanisms behind smoking-induced disturbed methylation, improving the possibility for development of biomarkers of past smoking behavior and increasing the understanding of the molecular path from exposure to disease.
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Publikationstyp Artikel: Journalartikel
Dokumenttyp Wissenschaftlicher Artikel
Korrespondenzautor
Schlagwörter Cigarettes ; Dna Methylation ; Epigenetics ; Longitudinal Study ; Smoking ; Tobacco
ISSN (print) / ISBN 1471-2164
e-ISSN 1471-2164
Zeitschrift BMC Genomics
Quellenangaben Band: 18, Heft: 1, Seiten: , Artikelnummer: 805 Supplement: ,
Verlag BioMed Central
Nichtpatentliteratur Publikationen
Begutachtungsstatus Peer reviewed
Institut(e) Institute of Epidemiology II (EPI2)