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Plaza, M.P. ; Oteros, J.* ; Leier-Wirtz, V.* ; Kolek, F.* ; Menzel, A.* ; Buters, J.T.M.* ; Traidl-Hoffmann, C. ; Damialis, A.*

A multi-scale analysis of airborne Alternaria spore dispersal: Influence of meteorology, land cover and air pollution.

Agric. For. Meteorol. 372:110716 (2025)
Verlagsversion Forschungsdaten DOI
Open Access Gold (Paid Option)
Creative Commons Lizenzvertrag
Alternaria is a fungal phytopathogen affecting over 4,000 species and causing 20% of agricultural production losses. About 9% of people in Europe are sensitized to its allergens. Understanding spore concentration variability under different environmental conditions can optimize fungicide use and improve allergy diagnosis and treatment. This study examines the spatio-temporal abundance of airborne Alternaria spores across varying climate and pollution regimes, hypothesizing that regional land cover is the main predictor of spore concentrations. In 2015, airborne Alternaria spores were monitored at 23 sites in Bavaria using Hirst-type spore traps. Concentrations were assessed on a bihourly scale and differences between bioclimatic zones were analysed using regression (GLM, GLZ), variance (ANOVA, ANCOVA) and cluster analyses, controlling for meteorology, air quality and land use. Machine learning techniques, including random forest, regression tree and XGBoost, were also implemented to detect complex, non-linear patterns, while stepwise regression was used to identify the most influential predictors. The seasonal fungal index (SFI) of Alternaria spores varied considerably between locations. Cluster analysis identified five main groups based on the maximum concentration and monthly distribution. The highest SFI values were in the north, including Bayreuth, Bamberg and Hof, but with shorter season. SFI decreased toward the south with lower temperatures, but seasons lengthened. One-third of spores appeared after 6 pm, with half of daily peaks post-8 pm. At higher altitudes, spore circulation was more variable, with peaks mostly at night. NO₂ and air temperature had a greater impact on spore levels than land use. Our results indicate that in a world with warmer nights and higher pollution fungal spores may enhance growth and sporulation, increasing the risk of exposure to both human health and agricultural productivity, highlighting the need for monitoring and potential mitigation of fungal pathogens.
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Publikationstyp Artikel: Journalartikel
Dokumenttyp Wissenschaftlicher Artikel
Korrespondenzautor
Schlagwörter Aerobiology ; Air Quality ; Climate Change ; Fungal Ecology ; Land Use Dynamics, Machine Learning Models; Allergenic Fungal Spores; Long-term Trends; Pollen; Thessaloniki; Ambrosia; Climate; Denmark; Ragweed; Urban; City
ISSN (print) / ISBN 0168-1923
e-ISSN 1873-2240
Zeitschrift Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
Quellenangaben Band: 372, Heft: , Seiten: , Artikelnummer: 110716 Supplement: ,
Verlag Elsevier
Verlagsort Amsterdam [u.a.]
Nichtpatentliteratur Publikationen
Begutachtungsstatus Peer reviewed
Institut(e) Institute of Environmental Medicine (IEM)
Förderungen German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)
Bavarian State Ministry of the Environment and Consumer Protection
Bavarian State Ministry of Health and Care