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Orozco, G.* ; Ioannidis, J.P.* ; Morris, A.* ; Zeggini, E.* ; DIAGRAM Consortium (Gieger, C. ; Grallert, H. ; Huth, C. ; Illig, T. ; Klopp, N. ; Meitinger, T. ; Petersen, A.-K. ; Thorand, B. ; Wichmann, H.-E.)

Sex-specific differences in effect size estimates at established complex trait loci.

Int. J. Epidemiol. 41, 1376-1382 (2012)
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BACKGROUND: Genetic differences between men and women may contribute to sex differences in prevalence and progression of many common complex diseases. Using the WTCCC GWAS, we analysed whether there are sex-specific differences in effect size estimates at 142 established loci for seven complex diseases: rheumatoid arthritis, type 1 diabetes (T1D), Crohn's disease, type 2 diabetes (T2D), hypertension, coronary artery disease and bipolar disorder. METHODS: For each Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), we calculated the per-allele odds ratio for each sex and the relative odds ratios (RORs; the effect size is higher in men with ROR greater than one). RORs were then meta-analysed across loci within each disease and across diseases. RESULTS: For each disease, summary RORs were not different from one, but there was between-SNP heterogeneity in the RORs for T1D and T2D. Four loci in T1D, three in Crohn's disease and three in T2D showed differences in the genetic effect between men and women (P < 0.05). We probed these differences in additional independent replication samples for T1D and T2D. The differences remained for the T1D loci CTSH, 17q21 and 20p13 and the T2D locus BCL11A, when WTCCC data and replication data were meta-analysed. Only CTSH showed different genetic effect between men and women in the replication data alone. CONCLUSION: Our results exclude the presence of large and frequent differences in the effect size estimates between men and women for the established loci in the seven common diseases explored. Documenting small differences in genetic effects between men and women requires large studies and systematic evaluation.
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Publication type Article: Journal article
Document type Scientific Article
Corresponding Author
Keywords Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Genome-Wide Association Study; Odds ratio; Sex; GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; CORONARY-ARTERY-DISEASE; LARGE-SCALE ASSOCIATION; SUSCEPTIBILITY LOCI; BIPOLAR-DISORDER; CROHNS-DISEASE; BLOOD-PRESSURE; METAANALYSIS; VARIANTS; RISK
ISSN (print) / ISBN 0300-5771
e-ISSN 1464-3685
Journal International Journal of Epidemiology
Quellenangaben Volume: 41, Issue: 5, Pages: 1376-1382 Article Number: , Supplement: ,
Publisher Oxford University Press
Non-patent literature Publications
Reviewing status Peer reviewed
Institute(s) Institute of Epidemiology II (EPI2)
Research Unit Molecular Epidemiology (AME)
Institute of Genetic Epidemiology (IGE)