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Dynamic phosphorylation patterns of RNA polymerase II CTD during transcription.
Biochim. Biophys. Acta-Gene Regul. Mech. 1829, 55-62 (2013)
The eukaryotic RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) catalyzes the transcription of all protein encoding genes and is also responsible for the generation of small regulatory RNAs. RNAPII has evolved a unique domain composed of heptapeptide repeats with the consensus sequence Tyr1-Ser2-Pro3-Thr4-Ser5-Pro6-Ser7 at the C-terminus (CTD) of its largest subunit (Rpb1). Dynamic phosphorylation patterns of serine residues in CTD during gene transcription coordinate the recruitment of factors to the elongating RNAPII and to the nascent transcript. Recent studies identified threonine 4 and tyrosine 1 as new CTD modifications and thereby expanded the "CTD code". In this review, we focus on CTD phosphorylation and its function in the RNAPII transcription cycle. We also discuss in detail the limitations of the phosphospecific CTD antibodies, which are used in all studies. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: RNA Polymerase II Transcript Elongation.
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Publication type
Article: Journal article
Document type
Review
Keywords
Transcription ; Rna Polymerase Ii ; Carboxy-terminal Domain ; Posttranslational Modification ; Phosphorylation; C-terminal Domain ; Export Factor Yra1 ; Capping Enzyme Recruitment ; Pre-messenger-rna ; P-tefb ; Gene-expression ; Fission Yeast ; Tfiih Kinase ; O-glcnac ; Tyrosine Phosphorylation
ISSN (print) / ISBN
1874-9399
e-ISSN
1876-4320
Quellenangaben
Volume: 1829,
Issue: 1,
Pages: 55-62
Publisher
Elsevier
Non-patent literature
Publications
Reviewing status
Peer reviewed