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Chemical and toxicological evaluation of an emerging pollutant (enrofloxacin) by catalytic wet air oxidation and ozonation in aqueous solution.
Chemosphere 90, 284-291 (2013)
This study evaluates the degradation efficiency of enrofloxacin (ENR) by catalytic wet air oxidation (CWAO) and ozonation. Results obtained by CWAO experiments show that 99.5% degradation, 37.0% chemical oxidation demand (COD) removal and 51.0% total organic carbon (TOC) conversion were obtained when 100mol% FeCl(3) and 25mol% NaNO(2) at 150°C under 0.5MPa oxygen pressure after 120min are used. The degradation products are identified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and ion chromatography (IC). The oxidation end products, F(-), NO(3)(-) and NH(4)(+) were determined by IC. The BOD(5)/COD ratio as a measure of the biodegradability of the parent compound increased from 0.01 to 0.12 after 120min of reaction time, indicating an improved biodegradability of the parent compound. The inhibition of bioluminescence of the marine bacteria V. fischeri decreased from 43% to 12% demonstrating a loss in toxicity of ENR during CWAO. Ozonation of 0.2mM ENR was carried out with an ozone concentration of 7.3gm(-3) at pH 7. ENR decomposition with a degradation rate of 87% was obtained corresponding to the reaction time. Moderate changes in COD (18%) and TOC (17%) removal has been observed. The bioluminescence inhibition increased from 8% to 50%, due to the generation of toxic degradation products during ozonation. In comparison to the widely use of well developed method of ozonation CWAO exhibits better performance in terms of COD, TOC removals and generates less toxic products.
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Publication type
Article: Journal article
Document type
Scientific Article
Keywords
Catalytic wet air oxidation; Ozonation; Enrofloxacin; Degradation products; Bioluminescence test; Water Treatment Plants ; Waste-water ; Fluoroquinolone Antibiotics ; Degradation-products ; Aquatic Environment ; Rot Fungus ; Transformation ; China ; Ciprofloxacin ; Pathways
ISSN (print) / ISBN
0045-6535
e-ISSN
1879-1298
Journal
Chemosphere
Quellenangaben
Volume: 90,
Issue: 2,
Pages: 284-291
Publisher
Elsevier
Publishing Place
Kidlington, Oxford
Non-patent literature
Publications
Reviewing status
Peer reviewed