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Brenchley, R.* ; Spannagl, M. ; Pfeifer, M. ; Barker, G.L.A.* ; D'Amore, R.* ; Allen, A.M.* ; McKenzie, N.* ; Kramer, M.* ; Kerhornou, A.* ; Bolser, D.* ; Kay, S.* ; Waite, D.* ; Trick, M.* ; Bancroft, I.* ; Gu, Y.* ; Huo, N.* ; Luo, M.C.* ; Sehgal, S.* ; Gill, B.* ; Kianian, S.* ; Anderson, O.* ; Kersey, P.* ; Dvorak, J.* ; McCombie, W.R.* ; Hall, A.* ; Mayer, K.F.X. ; Edwards, K.J.* ; Bevan, M.W.* ; Hall, N.*

Analysis of the breadwheat genome using whole-genome shotgun sequencing.

Nature 491, 705-710 (2012)
DOI PMC
Open Access Green as soon as Postprint is submitted to ZB.
Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) is a globally important crop, accounting for 20 per cent of the calories consumed by humans. Major efforts are underway worldwide to increase wheat production by extending genetic diversity and analysing key traits, and genomic resources can accelerate progress. But so far the very large size and polyploid complexity of the bread wheat genome have been substantial barriers to genome analysis. Here we report the sequencing of its large, 17-gigabase-pair, hexaploid genome using 454 pyrosequencing, and comparison of this with the sequences of diploid ancestral and progenitor genomes. We identified between 94,000 and 96,000 genes, and assigned two-thirds to the three component genomes (A, B and D) of hexaploid wheat. High-resolution synteny maps identified many small disruptions to conserved gene order. We show that the hexaploid genome is highly dynamic, with significant loss of gene family members on polyploidization and domestication, and an abundance of gene fragments. Several classes of genes involved in energy harvesting, metabolism and growth are among expanded gene families that could be associated with crop productivity. Our analyses, coupled with the identification of extensive genetic variation, provide a resource for accelerating gene discovery and improving this major crop.
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Publication type Article: Journal article
Document type Scientific Article
Corresponding Author
Keywords Hexaploid Wheat ; Brachypodium-distachyon ; Transposable Elements ; Gene ; Evolution ; Maize ; Diversity ; Triticum ; Map ; Identification
ISSN (print) / ISBN 0028-0836
e-ISSN 1476-4687
Journal Nature
Quellenangaben Volume: 491, Issue: 7426, Pages: 705-710 Article Number: , Supplement: ,
Publisher Nature Publishing Group
Publishing Place London
Non-patent literature Publications
Reviewing status Peer reviewed
Institute(s) Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology (IBIS)