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Health economics of infectious diseases.
In: Modern Infectious Disease Epidemiology : Concepts, Methods, Mathematical Models, and Public Health. New York, NY: Springer, 2010. 249-275 (Statistics for Biology and Health)
Due to technical innovations and demographic changes, many industrialized countries are facing problems in financing health-care costs. One way to guide decision maker in the allocation of their limited health-care budget is the use of economic evaluation . The economic evaluation of health technologies is a special discipline of health economics, which compares the technical efficiency of technologies in the health-care sector. The term technology covers everything from drugs to medical equipment to the design of intervention programs. Technical efficiency is achieved if with a minimum input (of resources) a given output is produced or if with a specific input a maximum of output (e.g., life years) is produced. Hence, technical efficiency considers both effectiveness and resource utilization. Only an effective technology can be efficient. Typically, in economic evaluations the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of a technology is estimated. The ICER is a measure for the technical efficiency of a technology and can be expressed, for example, as € 30,000 per life year gained (LYG) or US $ 15,000 per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) gained, reflecting the net costs (costs minus savings) of gaining one life year or QALY, respectively.
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Publication type
Article: Periodical or book chapter
Editors
Krämer, A.* ; Kretzschmar, M.* ; Krickeberg, K.*
ISBN
978-0-387-93834-9
Book Volume Title
Modern Infectious Disease Epidemiology : Concepts, Methods, Mathematical Models, and Public Health
Quellenangaben
Pages: 249-275
Series
Statistics for Biology and Health
Publisher
Springer
Publishing Place
New York, NY