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Gu, J. ; Schnelle-Kreis, J. ; Pitz, M. ; Diemer, J.* ; Reller, A.* ; Zimmermann, R. ; Soentgen, J.* ; Peters, A. ; Cyrys, J.

Spatial and temporal variability of PM10 sources in Augsburg, Germany.

Atmos. Environ. 71, 131-139 (2013)
DOI
Open Access Green as soon as Postprint is submitted to ZB.
Source apportionment of ambient particulate matter (PM10) was carried out using daily chemical composition data collected in winter 2006/07 and winter 2007/08 in Augsburg, Germany. Six factors have been identified and were associated with secondary nitrate, secondary sulfate, residential and commercial combustion, NaCl, re-suspended dust and traffic emissions. Comparing the source profiles between winter 2006/07 and winter 2007/08 showed that they were similar for both winters, except the combustion and traffic emissions factors. The spatial variation of particulate sources was evaluated by analysis of data collected at eight sampling sites during a one-month intensive campaign in winter 2007/08. Secondary nitrate, secondary sulfate as well as residential and commercial combustion factors showed strong correlations and low coefficient of divergence (COD) values among eight sites, indicating that they are uniformly distributed in urban area. By contrast, traffic emissions factor and NaCl were highly heterogeneously distributed. These two factors were enhanced greatly at the traffic site and are the cause of elevated PM10 mass concentration at traffic site. It means that for some specific sources of particles showing pronounced spatial variability a central monitoring site could not assess the absolute concentrations across an urban area. Thus, cautions should be taken when approximating average human exposure to these particle sources in long-term epidemiological studies.
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Publication type Article: Journal article
Document type Scientific Article
Corresponding Author
Keywords source apportionment; particulate matter; PMF; spatial variability; Augsburg; Myocardial-infarction Survivors ; Positive Matrix Factorization ; Ambient Particulate Matter ; Air-pollution ; Source Apportionment ; Daily Mortality ; Urban Areas ; Pm2.5 ; Exposure ; Health
ISSN (print) / ISBN 1352-2310
e-ISSN 1873-2844
Journal Atmospheric Environment
Quellenangaben Volume: 71, Issue: , Pages: 131-139 Article Number: , Supplement: ,
Publisher Elsevier
Non-patent literature Publications
Reviewing status Peer reviewed
Institute(s) Cooperation Group Comprehensive Molecular Analytics (CMA)
Institute of Epidemiology II (EPI2)